Compound Schedules of Reinforcement Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What type of reinforcement provides reinforcement for every occurrence of a behavior?

Intermittent Reinforcement

Fixed Ratio Schedule

Continuous Reinforcement (correct)

Variable Interval Schedule

What is the purpose of intermittent schedules of reinforcement?

Used to strengthen established behaviors.

What do ratio schedules require?

A number of responses before one response produces reinforcement.

What is an interval schedule?

A specific amount of time elapses before a single response produces reinforcement. Signup and view all the answers

What happens in fixed schedules?

The response ratio or the time requirement remains constant. Signup and view all the answers

What are the effects of fixed ratio and schedule?

Produces a typical pattern of responding with postreinforcement pauses. Signup and view all the answers

What do variable schedules change?

The response ratio or the time requirement can change from one reinforced response to another. Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of variable ratio schedule effects?

Produces consistent, steady rates of response. Signup and view all the answers

What does fixed interval (FI) reinforcement entail?

Reinforcement for the first correct response following a fixed duration of time. Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical behavior in a fixed interval schedule?

Typically produces a postreinforcement pause. Signup and view all the answers

What does a variable interval (VI) schedule provide?

Reinforcement for the first correct response following variable durations of time. Signup and view all the answers

What is ratio strain?

A result of abrupt increases in ratio requirements. Signup and view all the answers

What do the schedules of differential reinforcement of rates of responding provide?

An intervention for behavior problems associated with rate of response. Signup and view all the answers

What are progressive schedules of reinforcement?

Schedules that systematically thin each successive reinforcement opportunity independent of the participant's behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What does the matching law state?

Rate of responding is typically proportional to the rate of reinforcement received. Signup and view all the answers

What is a chained schedule of reinforcement?

A schedule where basic schedules occur in a specific order. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes mixed schedules from multiple schedules?

Mixed schedules have no discriminative stimuli correlated with the independent schedules. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Continuous Reinforcement (CRF)

Involves providing reinforcement for every instance of a behavior, effective for skill acquisition.

Intermittent Schedules of Reinforcement (INT)

Strengthens established behaviors, crucial for progressing towards naturally occurring reinforcement.

Ratio Schedules

Require a specific number of responses to achieve reinforcement, establishing a fixed criterion for behavior.

Interval Schedules

Reinforcement occurs only after a set amount of time has passed following a single response.

Fixed Schedules

Fixed Ratio (FR) reinforces after a set number of responses (e.g., FR 4 for every fourth response).
Fixed Interval (FI) delivers reinforcement for the first response after a specified time (e.g., FI 2 for the first response after 2 minutes).

Fixed Ratio and Schedule Effects

High consistency in performance; typically shows a post-reinforcement pause.
Rate of response tends to increase with larger ratio requirements.

Variable Schedules

The response requirement varies, either intermittently (Variable Ratio) or temporally (Variable Interval).
Example: Variable Ratio (VR 4) averages one reinforcement for every fourth response.

Variable Ratio (VR) and Schedule Effects

Maintain consistent response rates without post-reinforcement pauses.

Fixed Interval (FI) Schedule Effects

Results in a post-reinforcement pause and a gradual increase in response rate toward the end of the interval, termed an "FI scallop."

Variable Interval (VI) Schedule Effects

Produces stable response rates with few hesitations; efficient for maintaining behavior over time.

Thinning Intermittent Reinforcement

Gradual increase in response requirements or interval durations, paired with clear instructions regarding reinforcement schedules.

Ratio Strain

Caused by abrupt increases in ratio requirements, leading to avoidance behaviors, aggression, and variable pauses in responding.

Schedules of Differential Reinforcement of Rates of Responding

Targets behavior problems associated with response rate; includes Differential Reinforcement of High Rates (DRH) and Low Rates (DRL).

Full Session DRH and DRL

Full Session DRH reinforces when total responses meet or exceed a criterion.
Full Session DRL reinforces when total responses are at or below the criterion.

Progressive Schedules of Reinforcement

Involve a systematic thinning of reinforcement opportunities, either through progressive ratio or interval schedules.

Using Progressive Schedules for Reinforcer Assessment

Aids in identifying effective reinforcers that maintain treatment effects under increasing reinforcement demands.