Arteries Lecture Notes PDF

ARTERIES 1  Identify the main arteries of the body List the main branches  Arteries The arteries are the blood vessels that deliver oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the tissues of the body. The largest artery is the aorta, Which branches...

ARTERIES 1  Identify the main arteries of the body List the main branches  Arteries The arteries are the blood vessels that deliver oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the tissues of the body. The largest artery is the aorta, Which branches into a network of smaller arteries that extend throughout the body. The arteries' smaller branches are called arterioles and capillaries. The pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.  Aorta 1) Ascending aorta: it gives the coronary arteries 2) Arch of aorta 3) Descending thoracic aorta 4) Abdominal aorta  Arch of aorta it has 3 branches: 1) Brachiocephalic artery (Rt side): divides into Rt common carotid and Rt subclavian 2) Lt common carotid 3) Lt subclavian Subclavian artery : supplies the thoracic wall and upper limb Subclavian artery : It is continuous throughout the entire upper limb. During its pathway, the artery changes its name based on the region.  Arteries of the upper limb Axillary artery: continuation of the subclavian artery at the outer border of the first rib. It enters the shoulder region and supplies the shoulder region, the thoracic wall. Brachial artery: continuation of axillary artery and ends at the level of elbow joint by dividing into radial and ulnar arteries. Radial and ulnar arteries: they supply the forearm and the hand with the radial artery descending through the lateral side of the Radial artery forearm and the ulnar artery Ulnar artery through the medial side. The radial and ulnar arteries both end in the hand, anastomosing with each other forming superficial palmar arch and deep palmar arches Radial artery Ulnar artery Radial Pulse : radial artery pulsation can be felt against the lower end of the radius.  Carotid arteries Each common carotid divides into internal and external carotid arteries External carotid artery : It gives branches to the head and neck Internal carotid artery : It gives branches to the eyes and the brain  Cereberal arteries 1-Anterior cerebral artery 2-Middle cerebral artery Both from internal carotid artery 3-Posterior cerebral artery from vertebrobasilar system (from subclavian artery) The circle of Willis (cerebral arterial circle) is a circulatory anastomosis at the base of the brain that supplies blood to the brain and surrounding structures.  Thoracic aorta The thoracic aorta is that part of the aorta that starts after the arch of the aorta and runs down to the diaphragm  Abdominal aorta The abdominal aorta is the part of the aorta that passes through the abdominal cavity. Terminates into 2 Common iliac arteries. Branches: 3 single anterior visceral branches (coeliac, superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery supplying the GIT), many paired branches e.g. (suprarenal, renal). moham awe t3rf el singel dol 34an homa ray7en le makan mo3en enma el paired y3ne tal3en ymen w 4mal zy kidny  Iliac arteries They located in the region of the ilium in the pelvis. the Common iliac artery bifurcates into: External iliac artery and Internal iliac artery External iliac artery continues as the femoral artery Internal iliac artery supplies the pelvic organs.  Arteries of the lower limb The main artery of the lower limb is the femoral artery (descends in the thigh). and continues as a popliteal artery (behind the knee) at the upper part of the back of the leg it divides into anterior and posterior tibial arteries Dorsalis pedis artery Dorsalis pedis is a continuation of the anterior tibial artery Infront of the ankle joint. Its pulse can be palpated on the dorsal surface of the foot. It is often examined, by physicians for assessing patent peripheral circulation