ZOO Lec Module 7 (1) PDF

C-NSE-2, Module No.6 First Semester | AY 2024-2025 Course: NSE 2- Lec /Zoology Lecture Module: NSE 2- Lecture, Module No.6: Integumentary System Time Frame: W...

C-NSE-2, Module No.6 First Semester | AY 2024-2025 Course: NSE 2- Lec /Zoology Lecture Module: NSE 2- Lecture, Module No.6: Integumentary System Time Frame: Week/s No. 9 Schedule of synchronous sessions: Mapped Learning Outcomes and Course Content for C-NSE2, Module 7 Target Learning Content and Activities Outcomes Target Competencies Hrs. (At the close of the period Offline Online Session (TC) and Values for allotted, students should Integration (VI) have :) (Self-Study) Class Discussion Identify the 1.5 Identify the about: different functions structures and functions of integument functions of the structures Identify the integument; layers different types of Describe the derivatives body covering of integument of the each animals invertebrates; representative Describe the modification of the Identify the structure and integuments; function of the Differentiate the integument per layers of the animal integument representative according to their Biasa: 1,2,6 structure Maganaca:7,8 Mayap: 14 1.5 Distinguish the Describe the receptors of the Skin derivatives receptors found on integument as to Skin receptors each animal’s skin their functions Describe each skin Identify the appendage and epidermal and their significant dermal derivatives function Biasa: 1,2,3,6 and their function Maganaca:7,8,9,11 Mayap: 12,14 C-NSE-2, Module 6. Integumentary System Dra. Menchu C. Luzano AY 2024-25- 1 Page 1 of 10  C-NSE-2, Module No.6 First Semester | AY 2024-2025 3 hrs (Total hrs.) Content For Self-Study: Objective: 1. to appreciate how different stimulus are sense by the body 2. to appreciate different structure originating from the integument that are distinct per animal representative and their germ origin For the Synchronous Session Discussion of: functions structures layers derivatives C-NSE-2, Module 6. Integumentary System Dra. Menchu C. Luzano AY 2024-25- 1 Page 2 of 10  C-NSE-2, Module No.6 First Semester | AY 2024-2025 C-NSE-2, Module 6. Integumentary System Dra. Menchu C. Luzano AY 2024-25- 1 Page 3 of 10  C-NSE-2, Module No.6 First Semester | AY 2024-2025 7/15/21 Integumentary System Integumentary System 1 C-NSE-2, Module 6. Integumentary System Dra. Menchu C. Luzano AY 2024-25- 1 Page 4 of 10  C-NSE-2, Module No.6 First Semester | AY 2024-2025 7/15/21 Integumentary System Epidermis derived from the ectoderm Gives rise to the glands Dermis derived from the Mesoderm The frog has an ex tremely unique s k in. Lik e many other organis ms its s k in prov ides v arious protec tion, but it als o has many s pec ializ ed func tions s uc h as c ontrolling water and regulating temperature. Their s k in is v ery s mooth and mois t with s ev eral glands on their bodies , The s k in is es pec ially thic k on the dors al s ide of their bodies as oppos ed to their s oft underbellies. Their skin can produce various Certain frogs produc e tox ic s ubs tanc es. toxins, which are usually seen in frogs with bright coloration. The underlying tissue is responsible for mucous and many different glands http://chadbiol 350 0. bl ogsp ot.c o m/2 013 / Frog s k in is div ided into two parts. This inc ludes the epidermis and the corium or cutis. It als o c ontains a third lay er of subcutaneous connective tissues that c onnec ts to the mus c les underneath their c orium. ( Ec k er et al. 1889). The Epidermis The epidermis c ons is ts of s ev eral lay ers , the lay er c losest to the bas ement membrane c onsist of adjac ent c olumnar c ells. These cells have round centrally located nuclei, and serrated edges. As you move closer to the most superficial layer, the cells begin to flatten out, with nuclei more flattened and thin. Fr og’s Head skin The top lay er c ons is ts of two lay ers flat s quamous c ells , pale c entrally loc ated nuclei, and oc c as ionally adjacent c ells enclos ed in a s emilunar spac e. Within the s emilunar s pac e are a mix of different c ells s uch as muc ous or goblet c ells. The epidermis c ontains s c attered branching pigment c ells that are able to do c ontrac tile mov ements. 2 C-NSE-2, Module 6. Integumentary System Dra. Menchu C. Luzano AY 2024-25- 1 Page 5 of 10  C-NSE-2, Module No.6 First Semester | AY 2024-2025 7/15/21 The Cutis Vera or the Corium Dermis The simple epidermis is divided into 3 The c utis is the lay er that is below the epidermis c onnec ted by s ev eral branc hed c ells. categories: Thes e c ells are formed into papillae and folds repeated by s uperimpos ed epithelium, and c ontains pigment c ells. 1) The outer mos t lay er whic h is referred to as the There are three lay ers of c onnec tiv e tis s ues with the ex c eption of between the webbed horny lay er; keratiniz ed layer, (stratum corneum) toes of the frog. 2) The middle lay er- fully formed c ell as s uc c es s or of the top lay er c ells The c utis is made up of 2 lay ers as well c ons is ting of: 3) The deep lay er- y ounges t lay ers of c ells 1) stratum spongiosum ( s uperfic ial lay er ) The stratum spongiosum is that whic h is c los es t to the epidermis and c ontains The epidermis is muc h more c omplic ated lay ers as loos e lay ers s upport for the glands and nerv es. it has s ev eral glands and c ell ty pes within. (Ec k er et 2) stratum compactum ( middle and deepes t lay er) al. 1889) There is a loos e s upply of fibrous c onnec tiv e tis s ues , that are s upplied with ly mph s pac es and blood v es s els. It c ontains a number of pigment c ells below the epidermis and the thic k er regions mak e up papillae. The stratum compactum c ontains c ompac t dens e c onnectiv e tis s ues and horiz ontal wav y lines and v ertic al lines that mes h together. Thes e fibers c an be us ed to s queeze out s ecretions of the s ubc utaneous glands. The deepes t lay er is made up of v es s els, nerv es, and white and y ellow elas tin that c reate ly mph s pac e. ( Ec k er et al. 1889), ( Holmes et al. 1927). Fish Skin Turt les No S. corneum shells of der mal bone No epidermal scales, their scales are car apace (dor sal) dermal Plast r on (vent r al) Many cellular glands Epider mal scut es With photophores Snakes have scut es and belly Spikes and spines ar e epider mal Rept ile Skin Few glands Thick st rat um corneum Birds Epidermal scales Few epider mal scales (leg and beak) Some have dermal armors ( no der mal scales ost eoderms) Few glands 3 C-NSE-2, Module 6. Integumentary System Dra. Menchu C. Luzano AY 2024-25- 1 Page 6 of 10  C-NSE-2, Module No.6 First Semester | AY 2024-2025 7/15/21 Fish Integument Fish Integument 4 C-NSE-2, Module 6. Integumentary System Dra. Menchu C. Luzano AY 2024-25- 1 Page 7 of 10  C-NSE-2, Module No.6 First Semester | AY 2024-2025 7/15/21 ht t ps://www.slideshar e.n et /pr at hish ar a ja ma ni/i nt e ug m ent ar y-syst em-of- fish es Birds Integument The fowl’s skin is divided into a number of separate areas where the skin has been modified to some extent to be able to carry out special functions. These areas are: The feathered skin. The scale covered skin on the lower legs and feet. The hard, horny areas of the beak and toenails. The pad of the foot (or plantar). The skin of the comb and wattle ht t ps://www.poult r yhu b. or g/ anat om y- an d- physiology/body -syst ems /int egu me nt ar y -sur f ace - of -t h e- bir d The feathered skin is also divided into a number of special areas The s k in is mainly c ompos ed of two or tracts – those where feathers actually do grow and other areas different tis s ues : where they do not grow but which appear as such because they are covered by feathers. 1.Connec tiv e tis s ue of the dermis and hy podermis where the c ells are widely s pac ed. The areas where they do grow are called pterylae and The areas where they do not grow are called apteria. 2.Cellular s tratified epithelium of the epidermis , whic h mak e up the horny outer lay er of the s k in and forms the feathers. The different s k in ty pes c ontain different amounts and dis tribution of s pec ial c ompounds mainly collagen, elastin and keratin. 5 C-NSE-2, Module 6. Integumentary System Dra. Menchu C. Luzano AY 2024-25- 1 Page 8 of 10  C-NSE-2, Module No.6 First Semester | AY 2024-2025 7/15/21 Dermis The epidermis c ons is ts of three s eparate lay ers : The dermis is relativ ely thin and s hows a uniform, mic rosc opic s truc ture. This is different to many other animals that hav e both 1.The flattened, horny cell layer – the dens ely pac k ed and loos e lay ers of c ells. The main c omponent of the outermos t lay er. dermis is c ollagen with a s mall amount of elas tin. 2.The transitional layer – joins the outer lay er to the inner lay er. It is here that the The hypodermis c ells formed in the third innermos t lay er are trans formed into the hard, horny ty pe Hypodermis c ontains fewer c ells and is more loos ely arranged than the found in the outermos t lay er. dermis. Fat is s tored here in s pec ial adipose c ells (adipose tis s ue is fat tis s ue). Air 3.The columnar cell layer – this is the s pac es found in the hy podermis connect with air s ac s of the res piratory innermos t lay er of the epidermis and is the s y s tem to enhanc e the ability to fly. germinative layer where the c ells of the epidermis are formed. ht t ps://www.poult r yhu b. or g/ anat om y- an d- phys iol ogy /bo dy -syst e ms/i nt eg um ent ar y -sur fac e- of -t h e -bir d Sk in Of The Fe a the re d Are a s The Sk in Of The Foot Pa d Or Pla nte r Th e s k i n i s u s u a l l y c o v e re d b y hte Th e s k i n b e n e a th th e to e s a n d th e fo ot i s Sk in s urfac e c ells are replaced c ontinuous ly through life by mitos is in the epidermal fe a th e rs i s th e re fo re n o rma l l y p ro te c te d s p e c i a l i s e d to wi th s ta n d c o mp re s s i o n a n d h e n c e i s th i n n e r. c a u s e d b y th e we i g h t o f th e b i rd wh e n germinativ e lay er. Ov e r th e wi n g s a n d th i g h s , th e s k i n i s s ta n d i n g a n d a b ra s i o n c a u s e d wh e n th e The Skin Of The Claws, Wattles And mo re c l o s e l y j o i n e d to u n d e rl y i n g ti ss u e fo o t c o me s i n c o n ta c t wi th ro u g h s u rfa c es Com b Outer or s urfac e lay er wears away or is lost replac e by new cell from beneath , forms part of th a n o v e r th e re s t o f th e b o d y. a s th e b i rd mo v e s a b o u t. Th e s k i n o f th i s Th e e p i d e rmi s i s a b o u t 1 2 c e l l s th i c k with a re a i s q u i te th i c k b u t re ta i n s a h i g h The claws are keratinised epidermal the s c urf or dander that prov ides nutrition for many paras ites s uc h as lic e and a place for the th e h o rn y o u te r l a y e r b e i n g a b o u t 5 c e l l s, d e g re e o f fl e x i b i l i ty. appendages of the digits or toes. The th e tra n s i ti o n a l l a y e r b e i n g a b o u t two a nd s urv iv al of dis eas e c ausing v irus es s uch as Marek ’s Dis ease. th e i n n e r, g e rmi n a ti v e l a y e r b e i n g a b o ut 4- claw root epidermis gives rise to 6 c ells. columns of flattened keratinised cells Sk in Of The Le gs And Fe e t The Sk in Of The Be a k that remain firmly stuck together.These are accessory sexual epidermal The tis s ue los t in this way and the ac tiv ity of the epidermis is dev oted to k eratiniz ation that Th e l o we r l e g s , i n c l u d i n g th e u p p e r s i d es Th e b e a k i s c o mp o s e d o f two p a rts : appendages on the head and neck. o f th e to e s , a re c o v e re d b y s k i n c a rry i n g 1.Th e i n te rn a l s k e l e to n o f b o n e They develop as a result of the s c a l e s a tta c h e d to th e e p i d e rmi s. In th ose 2.A c l o s e l y a tta c h e d l a y e r o f h i g h l y inv olv es two proc es ses: b re e d s wi th fe a th e re d l e g s th e fe a th e rs k e ra ti n i s e d s k i n o v e r th e b o n y s k e e l to n production of hormones by the sex organs of the male and female when g ro w o u t o f th e ma rg i n s o f th e s c a l e s. The Th e e p i d e rmi s o f th e b e a k d e v e l o p s a th i c k , 1. The synthesis or manufac ture of the v ery durable fibrous protein, k eratin that giv es the s c a l e s a re c o n s i d e re d to b e a c a rry o v e r h o rn y l a y e r (c a l l e d rha m pothe c a ) ma d e o f these are functional. The very rich fro m th e b i rd ’ s re p ti l i a n a n c e s to rs. Sc al es s h e e ts o f fl a tte n e d c e l l s fi rml y a tta c h e d to supply of blood vessels of these s k in s urfac e its s trength and resis tanc e to normal wear and tear. a re v e ry ri c h i n k e ra ti n. e a c h o th e r. Th e s tre n g th o f th e b e a k kerati n i s appendages is the cause of the bright p a rtl y d u e to i ts s p e c i a l ma k e -u p. Th e h a rd red colour. In very high temperatures 2. The death of the cell – the final s tages of k eratiniz ation oc c urs in the trans itional lay er of the e g g to o th th a t a h a tc h i n g c h i c k e n u s e s to the bird dips these organs in the water h ttp s ://www.p o u l tryh ub.o rg/a na to my -an d - b re a k o u t o f th e s h e l l i s ma d e o f s tro n g l y supply as an aid to cooling. epidermis. As the c ells reac h the s tage where they bec ome part of the horny c ell lay er they die. p h y s i o l o g y/b od y-s ys tems /i n e t g ume n ta ry-s urfa ce -o -f c a l c i fi e d k e ra ti n c e l l s. It i s n o t a tru e to o th. th e -b i rd Integument 6 C-NSE-2, Module 6. Integumentary System Dra. Menchu C. Luzano AY 2024-25- 1 Page 9 of 10  C-NSE-2, Module No.6 First Semester | AY 2024-2025 Assessment of Learning For the self regulated assessment about this topic, please accomplish the posted task in our Google Classroom and make sure to submit it on or before the set schedule. Online Quiz References: Ayuyao, Nunilon G., et. Al. Elements of Zoology. Edition. AUF Company. Barrington, E.J.W. Invertebrate Structure and Functions: Boston: Houghton Miflin Co. Carthy, Philip ,. The Lower Metamora: Comparative Biology and Physiology. New York: Macmillan Co. Giesse, Johnson, F., Cell Physiology. New York, Worth Publisher Ganong William F., Review of Medical Physiology. London: Appleton and Lange. Johnson, PhilippeW., The General Physiology of Cell and Specialization.New York: Reinhold Book Corp. Katz, Smith F., An Introduction to Animal Physiology. New York: Oxford University Press Romer, George W., The Vertebrates Body. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co. http://chadbiol3500.blogspot.com/2013/ https://www.slideshare.net/prathisharajamani/inteugmentary-system-of-fishes https://www.poultryhub.org/anatomy-and-physiology/body-systems/integumentary-surface-of- the-bird Congratulations for having completed this Module! See you in the next Module C-NSE-2, Module 6. Integumentary System Dra. Menchu C. Luzano AY 2024-25- 1 Page 10 of 10