Nurse NP1 Board Cramsheet PDF

Page 1 of 13 ATTENTION: Whenever you copy and distribute 5. Diagnosis of typhoid — Widal test copyrighted materials without the permission of the copyright owne YOU can be liable for copyright CHOLERA infringement. Penalties for copyright infringement include 1....

Page 1 of 13 ATTENTION: Whenever you copy and distribute 5. Diagnosis of typhoid — Widal test copyrighted materials without the permission of the copyright owne YOU can be liable for copyright CHOLERA infringement. Penalties for copyright infringement include 1. causative agent — Bacteria CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES. 2. Sign and symptom — Explosive watery diarrhea or rice watery stool EXLCUSIVE FOR ASTIGNURSE BABIES ONLY!!! BAWAL 3. Procedure test — Stool examination IBENTA, BAWAL ISHARE SA IBA MAY KARAMPATANG 4. Prevention — handwashing KASO PAG IBINENTA AT IKALAT SA IBA. KAHIT NA PAG 5. Priority — prevention of hydration PUMASA KA NA BAWAL ITONG IPAMIGAY SA IBA MAY SUMPANG MALALA!!!! LEPROSY NURSE NP1 BOARD CRAMSHEET 1. CAUSATIVE AGENT — BACTERIA 2. LAB TEST— SKIN BIOPSY 3. MULTI DRUG— RIFAMPICIN AND DAPSONE NP1 HIGHLIGHTS 4. MODE OF TRANSMISSION — RESPIRATORY DROPLETS 5. Clinical manifestation — Numbness of affected areas 1. VITAL STATISTICS REFERS TO — births, illnesses, marriages, divorce, separation and deaths 2. Census — best source of information, provides biggest bulk of conmunity data ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL Disulfiram (Antabuse) 3. Civil registry record — most accurate and reliable 4. Demography — Size, distribution, composition, and 1. EARLY SIGN OF ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL: DIAPHORESIS change in population. 2. Drug of choice to promote abstinence of alcohol 5. There are three demographic variables in population Disulfiram (Antabuse) growth. Which one is NOT included — Morbidity 3. Alcohol widrawal with seizure: LORAZEPAM (ATIVAN ) 4. Alcohol intoxication: DIALYSIS SCABIES 5.. Assesment data best information on patient 1. Infection control measure : Use gloves physiologuc response to effectiveness of medication: Vital 2. MOST common symptom: Itchiness signs 3. Etiology of Scabies: Parasite 6. Eliminate in diet: Regular Coffee 4. Apply anti – scabies lotion to: all skin areas 5. PREVENT spread of Scabies: Avoid sharing items used CHN TOPIC by the infected person. 1. Paper lining before PHN BAG — to prevent contamination of the bag HERBAL MEDS 2. Non Communicable disease, EXCEPT— PNEUMONIA 1. GUAVA EXTRACT — ANTIBACTERIAL 3. Communicable disease — FLU LIKE 2. BAYABAS — WOUND WASH 4. Scattered cases like rabies — SPORADIC 3. LAGUNDI — COUGH 5. SCHISTOSOMIASIS vector — SNAIL 4. AMPALAYA — DIABETES 5. BAWANG — TAKEN AFTER MEALS for HTN RHEUMATIC HEART FEVER 1. CAUSATIVE AGENT – STREPTOCOCCUS UHC 2. HISTORY OF – SORE THROAT 1. RA 11223 —DUTERTE Universal Health Care Law 3. DIAGNOSIS— ECHOCARDIOGRAM 2. Signed February 20, 2019 4. TREATMENT — AZITHROMYCIN 3. DOH Organization — FOURMULA ONE PLUS 5. PENIDURE ROUTE — INTRAMUSCULAR 4. PHILIPPINE HEALTH INSURANCE — FINANCIAL RISK 4. DOH VISION/MOTTO —All for health towards health for EPI all. 1. When to give BCG — at birth 5. UHC — ALL Filipinos are automatic members 2. First dose of measles — 9 months 3. Angle of subcutaneous injection — 45° TYPHOID FEVER 4. Compulsory basic immunization of children — PD 996 1. CAUSATIVE AGENT — BACTERIA 5. NOT given to pregnancy — RUBELLA 2. TRANSMISSION OF DISEASE — FOOD AND WATER 3. feces, urine, blood and other body fluids are considered as — PORTAL OF EXIT TETANUS TOXOID 4. What is the etiologic agent of Typhoid Fever? 1. 10 YEARS PROTECTION — TT4 Salmonella typhi 2. PRIMIGRAVIDA (FIRST TIME MOTHER) — TWO DOSES Copyright of JONAS MARVIN ANAQUE RM, RN (ANAQUE REVIEW CENTER)  Page 2 of 13 3. IMMUNITY CONFERED — LIFELONG ACTIVE ✔SPUTUM EXAM 4. TT3 AND TT4 HOW MANY YEARS INTERVAL — 1 YEAR ✔6 MONTHS 5. BABY WILL BE PROTECTED — 1 YEAR COVID 19 ✔BLOODY STAINED COVID-19 ✔BCG AT BIRTH 1. PRIORITY OF NURSE AS LEADER IN COVID19 FACILITY ✔Vaccine to prevent TB — BCG — IMPLEMENT HEALTH PROTOCOLS ✔TUBERCULIN SKIN TEST + — EXPOSED TO TB 2. HANDWASHING PREVENTION OF SPREAD OF MICROBES DISEASES, BEFORE AND AFTER CONTACT ✔TB DOTS DRUG CONTRAINDICATED TO PREGNANT — 3. BEST WAY FOR COVID 19 PREVENTION — GET STREPTOMYCIN VACCINATED 4. COVID 19 FACILITY ISOLATION — 10 DAYS 5. AFTER DISCHARGE HOME QUARANTINE — 5 DAYS HERBAL MEDS I6. Solation — separation of sick people with a contagious ✔COUGH & COLDS: LAGUNDI disease from people who are not sick. ✔GUAVA LEAVES: WASHING WOUNDS 7. Quarantine — separation and movement restrictions of people who were exposed to a contagious disease to see ✔FUNGAL PARASITES: AKAPULKO if they become sick. ✔ANTIHELMINTHIC: NIYOG NIYOGAN 8. NURSE in COVID 19 — CASE FINDER ✔ANTIUROLITHIASIS: SAMBONG CHN INTEGRATED IMMUNITY 1. BIBLE ACT of NURSES — RA 9173 ✔HEPA B IMMUNOGLOBULIN: Offers immediate 2. Primary aim of RA 9173 — To regulate practice of protection professional nursing in the country ✔TETANUS TOXOID INJECTION: Lifelong active artificial 3. Nurse closely monitors BHW — Respondent superior immunity 4. Law promotes the well being and living conditions of government health workers — Magna Carta for health ✔BREASTFFEDING: NATURAL PASSIVE workers (RA7305) ✔PROTEIN INVOLVED IN IMMUNE SYSTEM: GLOBULIN 5. Local government code — RA 7160 ✔NATURAL PASSIVE IMMUNITY FROM MOTHER LAST: 6. This law allows every Filipino to avail of affordable 6months to 1 year medicines — Universal Health Care COVID 19 CLIMATE CHANGE 1. INCUBATION PERIOD — 2 TO 14 DAYS ✔GAS, BURNING FOSSIL FUEL: CARBON DIOXIDE 2. ETIOLOGIC/CAUSATIVE — SARS COV2 Virus ✔Pimary cause of climate change: CO2 3. MODE OF TRANSMISSION — RESPIRATORY DROPLETS ✔NOT GREENHOUSE GAS: OXYGEN 4. SWAB TEST — POLYMERASE REACTION TEST (RT PCR) 5. COVID ANTIBODY TEST — SERUM TEST, PREVIOUS ✔GREEN HOUSE EFFECT: ability of certain atmospheric INFECTION gases to trap heat and keep the planet relatively warm 6. COVID CARE — COMPLETE SET OF PPE ✔MITIGATE GLOBAL WARMING: PLANT TREES AND CONSERVE ENERGY DENGUE ✔CALL FOR CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION: SDG 13 ✔FEMALE AEDES AEGYPTI MOSQUITO ✔VIRUS RABIES — RA 9482 ✔STAGNANT WATER ✔causative agent of rabies — VIRUS ✔PETECHIAE >20 ✔best strategy to control Incidence of Rabies — Responsible pet owner ✔biting time: 8am and 4pm (2hours after sunrise and 2 hours before sunset) ✔BEST advice in case of dog bite — Wash thoroughly with running water ✔BLEEDING/HEMORRHAGIC : BETWEEN 4 TO 7TH DAY ✔Owner of the dog in case of dog bite — Feed well and ✔DESTRUCTION OF BREEDING PLACES observe ✔SUSTAIN HYDRATION ✔IMPORTANT Information about rabies – it can be prevented TUBERCULOSIS ✔Transmission by — Saliva ✔BACTERIA ✔Vector — DOGS Copyright of JONAS MARVIN ANAQUE RM, RN (ANAQUE REVIEW CENTER)  Page 3 of 13  Oxygen is NOT a green house gas. MALNUTRITION  21% of oxygen is present in environment, it is ✔Under-nutrition common 2 to 4 yrs. Old tasteless, colorless and odorless gas. ✔UNDER NUTRITION CRITERIA — low weight-for-age  Not SDG focus of HEALTH— QUALITY EDUCATION ✔OLD MANS LOOK – MARASMUS SDG target is by year 2030 ✔PROTEIN DEFICIENCY —EGG Goal 1: No Poverty Goal 2: Zero Hunger ✔Undernourished – Weight for height Goal 3: Good Health and Well-being (health ✔For physical and mental development – IODINE related) Goal 4: Quality Education RESEARCH Goal 5: Gender Equality ✔INDUCTIVE REASONING – QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation(sanitation ✔DEDUCTIVE REASONING – QUANTITATIVE centered) ✔ACCURACY OF THEMES — DEPENDABILITY Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities ✔ INVOLVES SOCIAL PROCESSES – GROUNDED THEORY Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production ✔researchers to be neutral observers– QUANTITATIVE Goal 13: Climate Action ✔PROBABLITY SAMPLING REDUCE — BIAS Goal 14: Life Below Water Goal 15: Life on Land Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions COPAR Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals ✔NURSE IN COPAR STAFF —EXPERT ✔END GOAL — SELF RELIANCE NOT A PRIORITY IN SDG : EDUCATION ✔PRE ENTRY PHASE — Development of a criteria for site selection RA 11223 : UNIVERSAL HEALTH CARE LAW ✔COPAR — PASSIVE TO ACTIVE COMMUNITY (ACTIVE PARTICIPATION) - provision to every Filipino of the highest possible quality of health NEPHROTIC SYNDROME - All Filipinos are eligible to be 1. passage of protein in the urine is the result of — member increased glomerular permeability SIGNED BY RODRIGO ROA DUTERTE 2. OUTSTANDING manifestation — Edema - KALUSUGAN PANGKALAHATAN 3. Physical appearance of the urine of frothy - RA 11223 is the legal basis 4. Nephrotic syndrome ordered corticosteroids NOT - KEY PLAYERS TO IMPLEMENT: DOH LGU AND ALLOWED — Relatives with upper respiratory tract PHILHEALTH infection. - PAYMENT OF UHC OR FINANCIAL 5. Corticosteroids COMMON side effects — Increase in PROTECTION IS BY PHILHEALTH body hair - FRAMEWORK: FOURMULA ONE PLUS to boost UHC (FOURmula 1+) Primary Health Care and CHN - UHC Three Strategic Thrusts  MDG5 target- reduction of maternal mortality by - 1) Financial risk protection through expansion 80/100,000 live births (mdg5) in enrollment and benefit delivery of the  2/3- reduction of child mortality rate (mdg4) National Health Insurance Program (NHIP);  Mdg 5- TARGET of three quarters reduction by - 2) Improved access to quality hospitals and 2015 health care facilities; and  Mdg 4 and 5 are the goals which are very - 3) Attainment of health-related Millennium specific to maternal and child health in the Development Goals (MDGs). country Tuberculosis / PTB- chronic disease that Causative Agent:  11 mothers die everyday due to childbirth and Mycobacterium Tubercles(acid fast BACTERIA) delivery  Robert Koch- is the scientist who discovered of  SDG 3– focus is HEALTH Mycobacterium tuberculosis (HEALTH Centered) o Hemoptysis (blood in sputum) - late sign  SDG 6 – SANITATION centered of PTB  Climate change action deadline for mitigation is  Primary Prevention for Tuberculosis - BCG 2030 vaccination  CO2 is the primary gas causing global warming Copyright of JONAS MARVIN ANAQUE RM, RN (ANAQUE REVIEW CENTER)  Page 4 of 13  Direct Sputum Smear Microscopy (DSSM) - Case prevent peripheral neuropathy finding tool Pyrazinamide (Z)- causes G.I upset.  Sputum smear and culture or DSSM – Ethambutol (E)causes- optic neuritis- CONFIRMATORY test of TB -not given to children under 6 years or younger  Xpert test new blood test confirmatory of TB because they cannot reliably monitor vision –  Tuberculin test/ Mantoux test- detects the  Streptomycin (S) causes- tinnitus and auditory presence of antibodies impairment/ OTOTOXICITY.  Results read after 48-72 hours FDC – Fixed Dose Combination  Needs gauge 26 needle syringe (ID route bevel up)  4 FDC or 4 drugs combined in a blister pack – R.I.P.E  Positive if within duration of 10mm or more.  3 FDC or 3 drugs combined in a blister packs –  Below 5 y/o and HIV + pt. - > or = 5mm is R.I.P positive  2 FDC or 2 drugs combined i a blister packs – I.E  Older than 5 y/o > or = to 10 mm is positive) or the new drug R.I.  Mantoux test- A positive reaction means that the  Streptomycin – only TB drug in Vial client has been exposed to TB - causes hearing loss and damage to cranial nerve  DOTS- was declared in 1996 8  proper way to collect sample: Inhale or deep - contraindicated in pregnancy breath then cough up 3-5ml sputum  DOTS therapy is recommended for the treatment  Hemoptysis is CONTRAINDICATION of sputum of ACTIVE TB collection  The minimum duration of treatment for culture-  3x – collection of sputum for case finding positive TB is 6 months  BCG – DO NOT GIVE to immunosuppressed baby-  For the treatment of TB in pregnant women, the with LEUKEMIA AND HIV initial regimen should be INH(Isoniazid),  Chest x-ray - determines the presence and extent RIF(Rifampicn), and EMB(ethambutol)(RIPE)for at of disease least 9 months  the primary diagnostic tool in TB case finding is  X-rays must be done at diagnosis and then every DSSM after 2 months of treatment.  Direct Observed Treatment Short Course – comprehensive strategy to detect and cure TB Leprosy patients.  RA 4073- Liberization and Treatment of  DOTS (Direct Observed Treatment Short Course) Hansen's disease - BACTERIA  Category I - 6 months treatment Multi-Drug-Therapy (MDT) o DOTS at the intensive phase for 2months  LEPROSY IS RESPIRATORY DROPLETS of RIPE  LEPROSY INCUBATION IS 3 TO 5 YEARS o maintenance: 4months of RI  CONFIRMATORY TEST IS SKIN BIOPSY OR SKIN SMEAR  Category II-treatment failure  Primary drugs- rifampicin and dapsone -intensive: 2 months RIPES/1 month RIPE LEPROMATOUS TYPE is the most disfiguring  Maintenance: 5 months RIE type of LEPROSY  1 week of MDT patient will not be communicable  Category III-new smear (-) PTB with minimal lesion already on CXR  Skin nodules are permanent even cured already o DOTS: 2months RIPE o maintenance: 4months RI CHOLERA or EL TOR (BLUE DEATH)  Epidemic outbreak on August of 1854 Soho, of  Category IV –chronic MDR pt. London  Refer to specialized facility or DOTS Plus  John Snow- FATHER OF MODERN EPIDEMIOLOGY Center he trace the source of a cholera outbreak in Soho,  Refer to Provincial/City NTP Coordinator London, in 1854  Cholera is an acute diarrheal infection TB drugs and its side effect  Incubation : 12 hours to 5 days  Rifampicin (R) - causes urine and tears  Humans are the only relevant reservoir, discoloration.  VERY common in RAINY SEASON Isoniazid (H)- give Vit. B6 or pyridoxine to Copyright of JONAS MARVIN ANAQUE RM, RN (ANAQUE REVIEW CENTER)  Page 5 of 13  Answer: Transmission to humans FECO ORAL  In up to 99% of cases, DOMESTICATED DOGS occurs through eating food (seafood oyster) or are responsible for rabies virus drinking contaminated water  Rabies - hydrophobia, a morbid fear of water  Mode of transmission: WATERBORNE and  DOG BITE FIRST AID ACTION : WASH WITH SOAP foodborne disease. AND RUNNING WATER  major symptom of Cholera?- Massive, rice-watery  DO NOT APPLY GARLIC AND TANDOK stool  National Rabies Prevention and Control Program  What is the treatment for Cholera? (NRPCP) — the goal of the NRPCP to eliminate Answer:oral rehydration therapy rabies in the country and declare the Philippines  What is the causative agent of Cholera? rabies-free by the year 2020. Answer:Vibrio Cholerae  Republic Act (R.A) No. 9482 or the “Anti-Rabies BUBONIC PLAQUE – BLACK DEATH Act of 2007”  Vector: oriental rat FLEA  Executive Order No. 84: Declaring March as the  RESERVOIR: ORIENTAL RATS Rabies Awareness Month  What is another name for the Black Death?- the  Celebration of World Rabies Day - September 28 Bubonic Plague has been declared as World Rabies Day.  Dog Vaccination — is the most effective measure Helminths or PARASITES - to control canine rabies.  Helminths - most common is ascariasis ,  The Department of Agriculture – Bureau of Animal hookworm ,trichuris (whipworm) Industry takes the lead in mass dog vaccination **** EXCEPT = Taeniasis campaigns and provision of animal rabies vaccine.  RESPONSIBLE PET OWNERSHIP — The public is  Beef tapeworm - Taeniasaginata- ingestion of advised to bring their pet dogs for anti-rabies undercooked beef vaccination when they reach 3 months of age and  Ancylostomiasis/Hookworm – causes anemia - yearly thereafter penetration of skin - walking barefooted  Feed them well and groom them well  Pinworms/ enterobiasis.- causes perianal  Category 1 itchiness at night best way to diagnose this  Licking of intact skin infection is through a tape test.  Capillariasis – ingestion of small fresh water fish  CATEGORY II Salmonellosis- ingestion of spoiled protein products (food  Abrasion, laceration, punctured wound on the poisoning) (BACTERIAL cause) lower extremities  Symptoms typically occur between 12 hours and 36 hours after exposure  CATEGORY III  MOST common symptoms are diarrhea, fever,  Abrasion, laceration on upper extremities, head abdominal cramps, and vomiting. and neck. HEPATITIS  Hepatitis A , E or Infectious Hepatitis: oral-fecal  Varicella (Chicken Pox) route - Varicella Virus  Hepatitis B ,C,Dor Serum Hepatitis: blood-borne,  Typical sign : RASH Sex - Communicable 1 DAY BEFORE HEPATITIS is NEVER an AIBORNE ERUPTION OF VESICLES to 6 days  Red tide poisoning- first aid Drinking pure after first crop of vesicles have coconut milk formed - Other name : Paralytic shellfish - Antiviral treatment: poisoning ACYCLOVIR(ZOVIRAX) - Eating mollusks such as mussels, clams, oysters and scallops  Fifth’s Disease - “slapped face appearance” Rabies/ Lysa  Causative agent: RHABDO VIRUS  Rubeola (measles)  Vectors: DOGS ,CATS AND BATS VIRUS  Reservoir/source: SALIVA Communicable 3 -4 DAYS just before the rash  Once clinical symptoms appear, rabies is appears virtually 100% fatal. Koplik spots—bluish-gray specks or “grains of Copyright of JONAS MARVIN ANAQUE RM, RN (ANAQUE REVIEW CENTER)  Page 6 of 13 sand” on a red base—develop on the buccal  Vitamin A every 6 months from the age of 6 mucosa months. Koplik spots at BUCCAL MUCOSA  Mebendazole every 6months from the age of 1 Measles vaccine first dose is 9 months giving year. 85%protection MMR give at 12 to 15 months Bullets drug Treatments: Serious complication is PANENCEPHALITIS  Cholera- first line antibiotic: tetracycline MOST COMMON complication is : PNEUMONIA Cholera second line- Cotrimoxazole  Tetracycline: causes permanent green TEETH  Mumps - PAROTITIS STAINING of baby if used by pregnancy VIRUS  Pneumonia, Acute ear infection, Mastoiditis Transmitted by direct contact of saliva and Drug: Amoxicillin – 1st line respiratory droplet Cotrimoxazole – 2nd line Communicable immediately before swelling begins  in IMCI standard for fever is > 38.5oC or hot to STERILITY is complication to ADULT MALE touch - give Paracetamol every 4-5 hours- analgesic and antipyretic  Rubella(German measles)  LEPROSY MDT OR COMBINED DRUG ARE VIRUS DAPSONE AND RIFAMPICIN Communicable 7 days before to 5 days after rash **Pregnant people must avoid infected child=fetal  Census is for gathering data in mass population death, fetal deafness, or congenital heart defects or groups giving the BIGGEST BULK OF DATA  Pertussis (whooping cough)  COPARstands for - Community Organizing BACTERIA Participatory Action Research  BAWANG – Cholesterol and hypertension  Diptheria  LAGUNDI – cough , colds fever, and dysentery BACTERIA  NIYOG NIYOGAN – traditional medicine act as - corynebacterium diphtheria- ANTIHELMINTHIC, to expel worms and parasites “pseudomembrane”  BAYABAS is for WOUND WASHING - Priority: AIRWAY  ANTISEPTIC HERBAL MED IS GUAVA OR BAYABAS  LEVEL 2 WATER FACILITY – STAND POST and  ZIKA VIRUS communal faucet a virus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes.  URBAN WATER TYPE IS – WATERWORKS SYSTEM  Causes microcephaly baby in pregnancy  HBMR – home based mothers record  HBMR – is a tool used to render prenatal care consisting the risk factors and danger signs of IMMUNIZATION: pregnancy  First dose of measles 9 months  PANEL 2 of HBMR – contains the risk factor and  Earliest dose of measles in case of outbreak is danger signs of pregnancy 6months  OPV-- SABIN VACCINE  VACCINES AT BIRTH BCG AND HEPA B  ORESOL is administered EVERY 4 HOURS  Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) – start to  PLAN C in dehydration treatment -- insertion of be given at 6 weeks, protect the baby AGAINST IVF PNEUMONIA  IVF – for severe dehydration  9 months give Measles  COURTESY CALL is done in -- PRE ENTRY PHASE  12 months MMR of COPAR  Rotavirus Vaccine – 2 doses anti-diarrhea  HYDROCEPHALUS and mental retardation is a  IPV – IM form of HEALTH DEFICIT –  IPV- JONAS SALK  POSTPARTUM BLUES- common normal 2-3 days  OPV- live virus- by Albert SABIN postpartum,  PCV VACCINE – IM  Oxytocin- uterine contraction, given after 3rd stage  Measles route – SQ of labor  Measles insertion 40-50 degree Copyright of JONAS MARVIN ANAQUE RM, RN (ANAQUE REVIEW CENTER)  Page 7 of 13  CATEGORY1 - NO RESTRICTION....NO CONDITION  Foul fishy discharges – bacterial vaginosis WHICH CONTRADICTS THE USE OF THE  FROTHY DISCHARGES – TRICHOMONIASIS METHOD...  PID – CAUSED BY CHLAMYDIA  CATEGORY 4--- Method not to be used- A  Hiv – attacks CD4 cells condition which represents an unacceptable  HIV/AIDS.– attacks IMMUNE SYTEM health risk if the contraceptive method is used (  VIT.D deficiency- RICKETS may sakit)  Family Planning – PD 965– signed JULY 20 1976  DEPO PROVERA – 3 months injectables, assess  RH bill – 10354 weight gain  IUD –REVERSESSIBLE LONG TERM  Feso4- 1 gram per singleton pregnancy- start at 5 months to 2 months postpartum  IUD is placed in upper uterus  SITE OF BBT – AXILLARY  BTL is cutting of FALLOPIAN TUBE  Hand washing/ hand hygiene – 30 seconds  VASECTOMY IS TYING AND CUTTING OF VAS DEFERENS  Scurvy – Vit C deficiency  T cu 380 – 10 YEARS PROTECTION  SCURVY IS LACK OF EATING FRUITS  COLD CHAIN – a system that maintains potency of  IODINE CAN CAYSE GROWTH RETARDATION IN vaccine CHILDREN KNOWN AS CRETINISM  PTB – Koch disease  DPT interval. – 4 weeks  BREASTFEEDING – the 3 E (Early, Exclusive,  Post Partumhomevisit – home delivery is within Extended) 24 hours….. hospital delivery- within 1st week or between 3-5 days after delivery  Aqua priviesis level 1  vitamin A,deficiency –Xeropthalmia and bitots  Breast self exam is a secondary level of spot prevention  BP cuffNOT INCLUDEDinside PHN/ OB bag  Iron must be given with vit. C  RA 7160 LGU – DEVOLUTION CODE  Calcium absorption is with vit D  Vibrio cholera or El tor – common in rainy season  IRON is in chicken liver and MONGO , camote tops and kangkong  VIT. A IU POSTPARTUM mother – 200,000 IU..  brown vials of vaccinesprotects against sunlight  Sabin – OPV – live attenuated virus to MAINTAIN POTENCY  Defrost freezer if ice build up of refrigerator is 2-  *Breastmilk stool-mashy,golden yellow – sweet 3 cmor 1inch or more sour smell- 3 – 4x a day  BCG – 0.05 (.05ml) – ID  *lactalbumin- breastmilk easily digestible protein  TB - SCC means SHORT COURSE  *Content of colostrum - antibody IgA CHEMOTHERAPY (immunoglubolin antibody A)  Einc protocol- 1st 30 second action : Drying  *Tetanus neonaturum- cord care management - thoroughly ALCOHOL AND HAND HYGIENE OR  Cretinism – iodine deficiency HANDWASHING  Measles – infectious before rashes appear – 4th  -HAND HYGIENE- to break chain of infection day  *Dosages of immunization- DptOpv ,Hep.b- 3  TT1 protection–“NO “protection doses  6000 TOTAL POPULATION TARGET FOR EPI –  Vaccines must be exposed only in room 180 temperature up to 3 x  Blindness – Vit. A  3rd exposure – discard vaccine  Ampalaya– DM type 2  FEFO- First expiry first out  Endometrial cancers/s – unusual discharges or  Cold chain by district level – 3 months vaginal bleeding  Half life packs shelve of measles- 6 hours  KOPLIK SPOTS– measles or rubeola  Half life packs shelve of DPT, OPV, BCG- 4 -6  Unang yakap- 1st 30 seconds dry the baby hours  BMI- Obese- ≥30.00  Half life packs shelve of TT, heap b- 8 hours –  Cheesy discharges and pruritus itchy vulva – discard if not used up within the end of your shift candidiasis, moniliasis  Dosages- 0.5 ml IM( DPT,HEP. Penta, PCV)  Cauliflower cells– condylomata– HPV  0.5 ml SQ(Measles)  Clue cells – BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS  0.05 ml ID(BCG)  STRAWBERRY CERVIX– TRICHOMINASIS is  2 DROPS ORAL ( ROTA & OPV) protozoa or flagella Copyright of JONAS MARVIN ANAQUE RM, RN (ANAQUE REVIEW CENTER)  Page 8 of 13  4 months or a 16 months baby completed the - Self Awareness Leadership T raining doses of 1 bcg dpt1-3 opv1-3 hepb1-3 - Organization phase  *Crude birthrate- TOTAL LIVEBIRTHS ÷TOTAL - core group formation POPULATION x 1000 - social preparation  *Crude death rate - Total deaths ÷total population - potting & developing potential leaders x1000 - community diagnosis  Weakest link in chain of infection- mode of transmission  Action Phase  Benedict's and acid test – performed in Organization and training of (BHWs) community to pregnant mothers in home visit to Project Implementation test glycosuria and proteinuria Setting up of linkages/ network/ referral systems  Roll over test- SIMS OR SIDELYING  Sustenance and Strengthening Phase - Formulation of by-laws  Severe abdominal pain - 90 degree angle or -Identification and development of “ secondary” Fowler's leaders  Feeding in bed - 90 degree or fowlers -Seting up of a financing scheme  2nd degree burn - painful and blister  Syphilis bacteria is in the painless ulcers or sores  *Vit A- squash, papaya, yellow camote, yellow  Vital statistics study of vital events like births, corn, banana death, marriage divorce and diseases.  *Cretinism or mental retardation / Iodine  Vital records are in Local civil registrar office  *TB - intensive phase is 2 months  Vital statistic records are birth certificate, death  *COPAR - courtesy call at pre entry, (immersion or certificate, marriage certificate integration at ENTRY phase)  Rates- relationship between a vital event and  IFR* individual funding request. those persons exposed to event  *IMCI/ danger signs –  Ratio- relationship between two (2) numerical Convusion quantities Unable to drink or breastfed  Infant Mortality Rate- good index of the general Vomits everything HEALTH CONDITION OF A COMMUNITY Abnormally sleepy or difficult to awaken  Swaroops index- index of longevity it is the proportion of deaths of people aged 50 years and  Stridor/chest indrawing - severe pneumonia up. Fast breathing and classify pneumonia if  3 CRITERIA FOR LAM use: 0-2 mos= more than 60cpm Amenorrhea 2-12 mos = more than 50  Fully or nearly fully breast feeding her infant 12-5 years old = 40 o Pneumonia first line antibiotics -  BF on demand basis (evey 2-4 hrs during the AMOXICILLIN day, 4-6 hrs at night  Botulism – caused by food poisoning in canned  Infant is less than 6 mos goods  Measles- 3 C- cough, coryza or runny nose,  Gonorrhea conjunctivitis and maculopapular rashes Male:purulent yellow penile discharge Females: - Greenish vaginal discharge  Koplik spots also in buccal mucusa  measles - Airborne transmission -  Genital Human Papillomavirus  *PRENATAL VISIT- 8 VISITS HPV  36 weeks to term is everyweek condylomata- cauliflower-like warts  *BSE- 7 DAYS AFTER MENSTRUATION  Acetic acid (vinegar) swabbing (will whiten  (COPAR) - Community Organizing Participatory lesion) Action Research Condylomata accuminata Pre-entry /Preparatory Phase Profiling of community  Hepatitis B Ocular survey/ Site selection  Spread through infected blood and bodily fluids PAy courtesy call to community leaders. such as semen  Entry Phase Integration with the community Copyright of JONAS MARVIN ANAQUE RM, RN (ANAQUE REVIEW CENTER)  Page 9 of 13  HIV – AIDS  Goal of PHC:  Retrovirus (HIV1 & HIV2)  Health in the Hands of the People by the Year  Attacks and kills CD4+ lymphocytes (T-helper) 2020  major transmission - Sexual intercourse (anal Mission of PHC: SELF RELIANCE and vaginal)  PHC- is universal and it extends even to people in  Homosexual or bisexual – most highest cases the hospital, both sick and well. -Accessible – not more than 5 km to travel  Exposure to contaminated blood, semen, breast -Available milk -Affordable Needlestick injuries -Acceptable  Sexual contact with HIV+  Four Cornerstones/Pillarsin Primary Health Care  Intravenous drug users Active Community Participation HIV test: Multisectoral - Intra and Inter-sectoral Linkages  ELISA– Enzyme Link Immunosorbent Assay ( first Use of Appropriate Technology test conducted) Support mechanism made available byDepartment  Western Blot - confirmatory test of Health (DOH)  HIV+ if: 2 consecutive positive ELISA and  Primary level- locally trained 1 positive Western Blot Test  Villagers/Grassroots workers - BHW - frontline worker in community  AIDS is defined as - CD4 count less than 200/ml - Traditional birth attendants – traditional Hilots- traditionally acceptable to deliver pregnancy in PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE community  Cause by CHLAMYDIA – primary agent - Arbularyo or healers – uses herbs for treatment  Gonorrhea is also secondary agent of illnesses  MOST COMMON AFFECTED– OVIDUCTS or Fallopian tube  Secondary- Intermediate workers  Can cause ectopic pregnancies, infertility and Public Health Nurse – supervisor abscesses in the pelvis. Can be life threatening -  Midwives – frontline workerin RHU level very serious. FAMILY HEALTH PROBLEMS  Candidacies  Health deficits-TB, DM, hydrocephalus,  Yeast infection polio,leprosy  With white cheesy patches (moniliasis)(CBQ)  Health Threats– lack of immunization, no or lack  Oral trush in the newborn (CBQ) prenatals Medications: Nystatin  Foreseeable crisis– Abortion - Divorce or separation Marriage -Entrance at school –newborn  Trichomoniasis - Death of a family member sTrawberry cervix FROTHY, foul-smelling ("fishy" smell  Malaria ) vaginal discharge Causative Agent: - PLASMODIUM (PROTOZOA) Trichomonavaginalis, single cell protozoan  P. Falciparum (most fatal) S/sx: Females: Yellow gray frothy Vector discharge Anopheles female mosquito Dx:  Signs & Symptoms: - elevated vaginal pH 5.5+ ( alkaline Chills to convulsion, Mgmt: Metronidazole (Flagyl);  Elevated temperature Treatment:chloroquine  Bacterial vaginosis foul, fishy smelling, thin gray vaginaldischarge  Schistosomiasis presence of CLUE CELLS (CBQ) Causative Agent: Schistosomajaponicum Snail : oncomelaniaquadrasi PHC Signs & Symptoms: Bulging abdomen, Abdominal LOI 949 - legal basis of PHC pain, Loose bowel movement(black tarry), Low grade fever, Seizure Copyright of JONAS MARVIN ANAQUE RM, RN (ANAQUE REVIEW CENTER)  Page 10 of 13  Preventive measures Do not give vit. A supplementation before the 4th Proper excreta disposal month of pregnancy. It might congenital problems Agricultural & vegetation improvement in the baby. Let water stand 2-3 days before usage  Postpartum women -200, 000 IU - 1 cap; 1 dose Mollucides use only within 4 weeks after delivery Educate in Hand hygiene  Viamin A Deficiency (CBQ) - XEropthalmia – night Rubber boots use blindness  Treatment: Praziquantel (drug of choice)  Water Supply  Level 1 (Point Source) - protected well or  Expanded Program for Immunization (EPI) – developed spring PD996  Level II - With a source, reservoir, piped Wednesday - immunization day distribution network and communal faucets or  FULLY IMMUNIZED CHILD stand post measles vaccines to complete FIC  Level III - Individual House Connections or  Bacillus Calmette-Guérin - Birth or anytime after Waterworks System - With a source, reservoir, birth piped distributor network and household taps  BCG is prevention of TB  Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus Vaccine Toilet or sewerage 6 weeks(DPT 1) 10 weeks (DPT 2)  Level I - pit latrines , pour flush toilet & aqua 14 weeks (DPT 3) privies  OPV- Number of doses per vial/amp: 20  Level II- with septic vault/tank disposal - WATER-  HEPA B , Measles & BCG SEALED AND FLUSH TYPE Number of doses per vial/amp: 10  Level III - connected to septic tanks and/or to  Hepatitis B Vaccine - At birth – RNA sewerage system to treatment plant. Ideal to RECUMBINANT, PLASMA URBAN places  Upper outer portion of the thigh, Vastus Lateralis (R-L-R) Epidemiology - the study of disease occurrence and  Warm compress for soreness- Brings more blood distribution to the area where it is applied.  Infection- entry and development or multiplication  Warm - Reduces joint stiffness and muscle spasm, of an infectious agent in the body of man or which makes it useful when muscles are tight. animals.  Cold compress for pain relief and swelling  4 types of disease distribution 1. EPIDEMIC- “The unusual occurrence in a  85% of measles can be prevented by community of disease- sudden outbreak of a immunization at 9 MOS. disease in a short period of time  VVM or Vaccine vial monitor - a thermochromic 2. Endemic- constant presence of a disease or label put on vials which gives a visual indication infectious agent within a given geographic area or of vaccine potency population group like malaria  Measles is given at 9 months also MMR as early 3. Pandemic- worlwide distribution….geographic as 9 months area such as a section of a nation, the entire nation, a continent or the world  “Eligible population” 4. Sporadic- “scattered about”. The cases occur - group of people targeted for specific irregularly, The cases are few and separated immunizations susceptible to EPI diseases.” widely in time and place intermittent cases like  PENTA – 6 WEEKS – IM rabies  MMR- 12 MOS-SQ - On and off scattered cases –habitual occurrence  Fe supplementation: 60 mg with 400 mcg of Folic Acid once a day  Nosocomial (hospital acquired) - urinary tract  3 C of Home delivery infections are the most common. CLEAN Hands  CARRIERS- “an infected person or animal that CLEAN Surface harbors a specific infectious agent in the absence CLEAN Cord of discernible (visible) clinical disease and serves  Vitamin A Supplement to Infants, Preschoolers as a potential source of infection to others (6mos – 7 yeas and Mothers  Pregnant women - 10, 000 IU 2x a week starting on the 4th month of pregnancy Copyright of JONAS MARVIN ANAQUE RM, RN (ANAQUE REVIEW CENTER)  Page 11 of 13 Leptospirosis – Vector is Rat responsibility for evaluating the health status of Causative Agent: - BACTERIA people & groups & relating them to practice. Leptospirainterrogans  The patient in CHN - COMMUNITY  Sign/Symptoms: High fever, Chills, Vomiting, Red/  The unit of care - family orange eyes, Diarrhea, Severe headache, muscle aches, may include jaundice (yellow skin and  ROLES OF THE PHN eyes), abdominal pain  ❖Clinician- taking care of the sick people at home Treatment: PET - Penicillins G,Erythromycin, or in the RHU. Tetracycline,  ❖Health educator- dissemination of correct info;  Doxycycline as prophylactic drug educating people Dengue - mosquito-borne infection  ❖ Facilitator, who establishes multi- sectorallinkages by referral system  Vector is female aedesaegypti mosquito, day biting, low flying, STAGNANT CLEAR  ❖ Supervisor- monitors & supervises the WATER,stripes black white body. performance of midwives  Agent is a Virus..dengue virus 1,2,3,4 o Census (100%): Most ideal, enumerates Treatment is supportive therapy. of data  Intravenous fluids is best treatment Level Of Disease Prevention  A platelet transfusion is required if Platelets are  PRIMARY – health promotion and disease below 20,000 prevention o Health education  DENGUE DIAGNOSIS: o Immunization: Method of health - Tourniquet test (capillary fragility test or Rumpel promotion Leads Test), a presumptive test which is positive o Chemoprophylaxis: Intake of drugs Ex. Vit in the presence of more than 20 petechiae within C to avoid URTI an inch square, after 5 minutes of test o Reproduction & Sexual Health o Responsible Parenthood  Through Environmental Control  TOURNIQUET TEST - (BP Cuff): o Safe Water Supply o fluids (most important treatment) like oresol and o Food Sanitation/ Good Food IV o Hygiene o paracetamol ( do not give aspirin) o Environmental sanitation o for nose bleeding or EPISTAXIS, flex the neck lean forward to prevent aspiration  Secondary Level Of Disease Prevention o avoid unnecessary movement - Early diagnosis & prompt intervention  assist in the management of shock. Dorsal a. Screening Methods recumbent to TRENDELENBURG POSITION Mass Screening: Case Finding:  FHSIS/Record & Report: Contact Tracing and Surveillance Components: cisis interventions 1. Family tx record = Daily 2. Target Client list = weekly  Tertiary Prevention- 3. Reporting forms = monthly  Rehabilitation 4. Output reports = quarterly; annually Use of assistive devices,  *Family tx record - fundamental building block; therapies foundation of FHSIS *Target client list - 2nd building block  Leading New Cancer Cases CHN  lung cancer most common cancer in MEN  breast cancer - most common in Females  Primary focus of CHN is Health Promotion & ****Smoking is the most important factor. Disease Prevention  In 2015 BREAST cancers ranks 1 in both sexes  Primary goal - self reliance Ebola: Mapping the outbreak  Ultimate goal - raise level of health of citizenry From the section of WEST Africa  Philosophy of CHN- Worth and dignity of man - by FRUIT BATS- Primary source the nature of her work has the opportunity & Copyright of JONAS MARVIN ANAQUE RM, RN (ANAQUE REVIEW CENTER)  Page 12 of 13  Other sources: 3. The plan should be FLEXIBLE. o Chimpanzees Steps o Gorillas 1. Greet the patient and introduce yourself. o fruit bats 2. State the purpose of the visit (Question after o monkeys Greeting the patient and introducing yourself o antelope what is your next action? = State the purpose o porcupines of the visit) o symptomatic humans 3. Assess or Observe the patient and determine  Ebola largest outbreak in West Africa the health needs. 4. Put the bag in a convenient place and then proceed to perform the bag technique. 5. Perform the nursing care needed and give Diphtheria- bacteria health teachings. throat infection causes a gray to 6. Record all important date, observation and black, tough, fiber-like covering care rendered. Shick test for Susceptibility or 7. Make appointment for a return visit. immunity test to diphtheria Moloney test – for sensitivity of diptheria BAG TECHNIQUE is a tool by which the nurse, during her visit will enable her to perform a nursing procedure with Tetanus ease and deftness,  caused Clostridium tetani BACTERIA PUBLIC HEALTH BAG is an essential and indispensable  present with trismus (“lockjaw”) equipment of a public health nurse which she has to carry  give TETANUS TOXOID TO PREVENT Clostridium along during her home visits. INFECTION Principles  will minimize, if not, prevent the spread of Listeriosis any infection.- MOST important central feature - BACTERIA Listeria monocytogenes. - primarily affects pregnant women, newborns, Foods  It saves time and effort associated with listeria?  performed in a variety of ways o Non-pasteurized milk & milk products (soft cheeses, ice cream), hot dogs, deli meats, caramel *BP apparatus and stethoscope are carried separately - apples never placed in the bag.  Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Use paper lining to protect bag from contamination (MERS-CoV) Last item to place in bag is paper lining - CAMEL FLU or SARS of MIDDLE EAST 4 C Points to consider  VIRAL COMPLETE- contain all the necessary articles  Saudi Arabia in 2012. -1st case - april 2012 CLEAN - contents should be cleaned very  CAMELS - major reservoir host often  Transmission- human-to-human contact CONTENT protection-  Highest Risk : IMMUNOSUPRESSION (CANCER) *Consider the bag and its contents clean and sterile, while articles that belong to the patients HOME VISITis a family-nurse contact which allows the as dirty and contaminated. health worker to assess the home and family situations in CONVENIENT- arrangement of the contents of order to provide the necessary nursing care and health the bag should be the one most convenient to related activities. the user Purposes 1. To give care to the sick, Initial step in bag technique :Upon arrival at the patient’s 2. To assess the living condition home, place the bag on the table lined with a clean paper. 3. To give health teachings 4. To establish close relationship BULLETS 5. To make use of the inter-referral system  Spacing of pregnancy - 3-5 years Principles 1. A home visit must have a purpose or objective.  MEBENDAZOLE AND ALBE DAZOLE FOR 2. Planning and delivery of care should involve DEWORMING the individual and family.  ASCARIASIS is ROUNDWORM PASSAGE Copyright of JONAS MARVIN ANAQUE RM, RN (ANAQUE REVIEW CENTER)  Page 13 of 13  DEWORMING is every 6 months 2x in a year.  Vit.D for calcium absorption prevents RICKETS in children and osteomalasia in adult- sources dairy products ,cod liver oil, fish, milk, cheese , anchovies, salmon, sardines  VIT C prevents SCURVY  Solutions like alcohol must be must be placed in the BACK of the Public health Bag  Vitamin A for pregnant– 10,00 IU 2x a week starts a 4 months  Vitamin A for Children 6 months to 11 months 100,00 IU dose every 6 months  Vitamin A for Children 12 months and above – 200,00 IU dose every 6 months  Vitamin capsule colors: RED  Vitamin A treatment of Xeropthalmia and Measles  VIT. A - carrots and sweet potatoes NEWBORN CORD CARE - keep skin clean and dry, no tub baths, wash around area with water, ALWAYS AIR DRY THE CORD - monitor for bleeding, redness, drainage, foul odor - fold diapers below cord stump - keep cord clean and dry ~~> soap and water ONLY WHEN SOILED - assess cord for odor, swelling, or discharge - the newborn is washed via a sponge bath until the cord falls off - The cord will fall off at about 2-weeks of age (7- 10 DAYS). - Allow the client/family to watch the NURSES perform cord care correctly, and ask them to repeat for return demonstration. RETURN DEMONSTRATION – THE BEST EVALUATION TECHNIQUE FOR TEACHING SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT Color coded trash bins Black - Non-infectious dry waste like paper products Green - Non-infectious wet waste (left over meals or rotten fruits and vegetables etc.) Yellow -- Infectious and Pathological waste like mask, gloves, diapers, surgical specimens, cord and placenta Yellow with black band ---Chemical waste including those w/ heavy metals Orange--- Radioactive waste Red---- Sharps and pressurized containers like syringes and needles Copyright of JONAS MARVIN ANAQUE RM, RN (ANAQUE REVIEW CENTER)