Podcast
Questions and Answers
What should be eliminated from the diet of an individual to prevent certain conditions?
What should be eliminated from the diet of an individual to prevent certain conditions?
What is the best method for preventing the spread of scabies?
What is the best method for preventing the spread of scabies?
Which herbal medicine is recognized for its antibacterial properties?
Which herbal medicine is recognized for its antibacterial properties?
What is the causative agent of Rheumatic Heart Fever?
What is the causative agent of Rheumatic Heart Fever?
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When is the first dose of measles vaccine typically administered?
When is the first dose of measles vaccine typically administered?
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Which vector is associated with Schistosomiasis?
Which vector is associated with Schistosomiasis?
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What is the recommended angle for a subcutaneous injection?
What is the recommended angle for a subcutaneous injection?
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Which of the following health-related Sustainable Development Goals focuses on 'Good Health and Well-being'?
Which of the following health-related Sustainable Development Goals focuses on 'Good Health and Well-being'?
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Which immunization is recommended to be given at birth?
Which immunization is recommended to be given at birth?
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What deficiency is primarily associated with the need for physical and mental development according to the content?
What deficiency is primarily associated with the need for physical and mental development according to the content?
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Which reasoning method is associated with quantitative research?
Which reasoning method is associated with quantitative research?
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Which Sustainable Development Goal aims to end hunger?
Which Sustainable Development Goal aims to end hunger?
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What is a primary focus of COPAR in relation to community participation?
What is a primary focus of COPAR in relation to community participation?
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What is the overarching goal of the Universal Health Care Law (RA 11223)?
What is the overarching goal of the Universal Health Care Law (RA 11223)?
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Which sampling method is discussed as a way to reduce bias in research?
Which sampling method is discussed as a way to reduce bias in research?
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Which of the following is NOT a priority in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?
Which of the following is NOT a priority in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?
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What is the primary bacteria responsible for causing tetanus?
What is the primary bacteria responsible for causing tetanus?
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Which of the following symptoms is associated with tetanus?
Which of the following symptoms is associated with tetanus?
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What is the most important central feature of the public health bag technique?
What is the most important central feature of the public health bag technique?
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What test is used to determine susceptibility to diphtheria?
What test is used to determine susceptibility to diphtheria?
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Which of the following is not a role of the public health nurse during home visits?
Which of the following is not a role of the public health nurse during home visits?
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Which food item is commonly associated with the bacteria Listeria monocytogenes?
Which food item is commonly associated with the bacteria Listeria monocytogenes?
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Which bacteria is primarily dangerous to pregnant women and newborns?
Which bacteria is primarily dangerous to pregnant women and newborns?
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What should not be placed inside the public health bag during nursing visits?
What should not be placed inside the public health bag during nursing visits?
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Which vitamin is specifically indicated to prevent scurvy?
Which vitamin is specifically indicated to prevent scurvy?
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What is the recommended vitamin A dosage for children aged 12 months and above?
What is the recommended vitamin A dosage for children aged 12 months and above?
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What color trash bin is used for infectious and pathological waste?
What color trash bin is used for infectious and pathological waste?
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What is the proper way to care for a newborn's umbilical cord stump?
What is the proper way to care for a newborn's umbilical cord stump?
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When should vitamin A supplementation for pregnant individuals begin?
When should vitamin A supplementation for pregnant individuals begin?
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What is the appropriate action after the 3rd exposure to a vaccine?
What is the appropriate action after the 3rd exposure to a vaccine?
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What does the acronym FEFO stand for in vaccine management?
What does the acronym FEFO stand for in vaccine management?
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In what case would a vaccine pack for measles be discarded?
In what case would a vaccine pack for measles be discarded?
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Which of the following conditions is indicated by cheesy discharges and itchy vulva?
Which of the following conditions is indicated by cheesy discharges and itchy vulva?
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What is the definition of crude death rate?
What is the definition of crude death rate?
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Which cells are associated with bacterial vaginosis?
Which cells are associated with bacterial vaginosis?
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What type of cervix is indicated by the presence of strawberry cervix?
What type of cervix is indicated by the presence of strawberry cervix?
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What is the action taken during the unang yakap procedure?
What is the action taken during the unang yakap procedure?
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Which factor is considered the weakest link in the chain of infection?
Which factor is considered the weakest link in the chain of infection?
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What is the appropriate dosage for DPT vaccine administration?
What is the appropriate dosage for DPT vaccine administration?
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Study Notes
Scabies
- Apply anti-scabies lotion to all skin areas
- To prevent the spread of scabies: Avoid sharing items used by the infected person
Communicable vs. Non-Communicable Diseases
- Pneumonia is a non-communicable disease.
- Influenza or Flu-like symptoms is a communicable disease
- Rabies is considered a sporadic occurrence, meaning individual cases
- Schistosomiasis is transmitted by snails
- Apply paper lining in the PHN bag before using
Herbal Remedies
- Guava extract: Antibacterial properties
- Bayabas: Used to wash wounds
- Lagundi: For relief of coughs
- Ampalaya: Used to manage diabetes
- Bawang: Taken after meals to help with hypertension
UHC (Universal Health Care)
- RA 11223, The Universal Health Care Law, was signed in February 2019
- The DOH (Department of Health) uses a "Formula One Plus" organization to implement UHC
- Universal Health Care finances the health insurance coverage
- The DOH's vision and motto is "All for health towards health for all"
- All Filipinos are automatically members of UHC
Typhoid Fever
- Caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria
- Transmission occurs through food and water contaminated with the bacteria
- Feces, urine, blood, and other body fluids are considered portals of exit for the bacteria
Rheumatic Heart Fever
- Causative agent is Streptococcus
- A history of sore throat is a risk factor
- Diagnosed using an echocardiogram
- Treatment includes Azithromycin
- Penidure is administered via intramuscular injection
EPI (Expanded Program on Immunization)
- BCG is given at birth
- First dose of measles vaccine is given at 9 months of age
- The angle of subcutaneous injection is 45 degrees
- PD 996 mandates compulsory basic immunization for children
- Rubella vaccine is not given during pregnancy
Tetanus
- Tetanus toxoid provides 10 years of protection with TT4
- Primigravida (first time mother) require two doses
- Life-long active immunity is provided with subsequent doses
SDG (Sustainable Development Goals)
- The SDG goals are to be achieved by the year 2030
- Goal 1: No Poverty
- Goal 2: Zero Hunger
- Goal 3: Good Health and Well-being (health related)
- Goal 4: Quality Education
- Goal 5: Gender Equality
- Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (sanitation centered)
- Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities
- Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production
- Goal 13: Climate Action
- Goal 14: Life Below Water
- Goal 15: Life on Land
- Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions
- Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals
- Quality education is NOT a priority in SDG
Research
- Inductive Reasoning - Qualitative Research
- Deductive Reasoning - Quantitative Research
- Dependability: Accuracy of themes
- Grounded theory involves social processes in research
- Quantitative research requires researchers to be neutral observers
- Probability sampling reduces bias
COPAR (Community Organizing Participatory Action Research)
- Focuses on self-reliance as the end goal
- Nurses play the role of experts in COPAR staffs
- The pre-entry phase involves developing criteria for site selection
- COPAR aims to shift community involvement from passive to active participation
- COPAR involves the following phases
- Pre-entry Phase
- Entry Phase
- Self Awareness Leadership Training
- Organization phase
- Core group formation
- Social preparation
- Potting and developing potential leaders
- Community diagnosis
- Action Phase
- Organization and training of BHWs (Barangay Health Workers)
- Project Implementation
- Setting up of linkages, networks, and referral systems
- Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
- Formulation of by-laws
- Identification and development of secondary leaders
- Setting up of a financing scheme
Nephrotic Syndrome
- Discard vaccines after the 3rd exposure
- FEFO (First Expiry First Out) is a crucial principle to follow
- Cold chain for vaccines must be maintained at the district level for a period of 3 months
- Half-life shelf life of measles vaccine is 6 hours
- Half-life shelf life of DPT, OPV, BCG vaccines is 4-6 hours
- Half-life shelf life of TT and Heap-B vaccines is 8 hours
- Discard vaccines that were not used within the timeframe.
- Dosages:
- DPT, Hepta, Penta, PCV: 0.5 ml IM (intramuscular)
- Measles: 0.5 ml SQ (subcutaneous)
- BCG: 0.05 ml ID (intradermal)
- Rota and OPV: 2 drops oral
- A 4-month-old or a 16-month-old baby who has completed the doses of 1 BCG, DPT 1-3, OPV 1-3, and HepB 1-3
- Crude birth rate formula: (Total live births /Total population) x 1000
- Crude death rate formula: (Total deaths / Total population) x 1000
- The weakest link in the chain of infection is the mode of transmission
- In community home visits, Benedict's and acid tests are performed to check for glycosuria and proteinuria in pregnant women
- The roll-over test is used to assess Sims or side-lying positions
- Severe abdominal pain is managed with a 90-degree or Fowler's position
- Feeding in bed is best performed in a 90-degree or Fowler's position
- A 2nd-degree burn is characterized by pain and blisters.
- Painless ulcers or sores may indicate Syphilis
- Foods rich in Vitamin A: Squash, papaya, yellow camote, yellow corn, banana
- The outbreak of Ebola has been largest in West Africa
Diphtheria
- Caused by bacteria
- Throat infection causes a gray to black, tough, fiber-like covering
- Shick test is used for susceptibility and immunity testing
- Moloney test is used for sensitivity testing
Listeriosis
- Caused by Listeria monocytogenes bacteria
- Primarily affects pregnant women, newborns, and immunocompromised individuals.
- Foods that can cause Listeria infection:
- Non-pasteurized milk and milk products (soft cheeses, ice cream)
- Hot dogs
- Deli meats
- Caramel apples
Tetanus
- Caused by Clostridium tatani bacteria
- May be the cause of trismus ("lockjaw")
- Administer tetanus toxoid to prevent Clostridium tetani infection
New Born Care
- Keep skin clean and dry, no tub baths are advised
- Wash around the area ONLY with water, and allow to AIR dry
- Monitor the cord stump for bleeding, redness, drainage, or foul odor
- Fold diapers below the cord stump
- Keep the cord clean and dry
- Use soap and water ONLY if the area is soiled
- Assess for any odor, swelling, or discharge
- Sponge baths are used until the cord stump falls off
- The cord stump usually falls off around 7-10 days after birth
Vitamin Supplements
- Vitamin D for calcium absorption, which prevents rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults: Dairy products, cod liver oil, fish, milk, cheese, anchovies, salmon, sardines.
- Vitamin C prevents scurvy.
- Vitamin A for pregnant women is given (10,000 IU) 2x a week starting from 4 months into the pregnancy.
- Vitamin A for children (6-11 months): 100,000 IU dose every 6 months.
- Vitamin A for children (12 months and above): 200,000 IU dose every 6 months.
- Vitamin A capsule color: RED.
- Vit A is used to treat Xeropthalmia (dry eye/ night blindness) and measles
- Vitamin A rich foods: carrots and sweet potatoes.
- Solutions like alcohol must be placed in the BACK of the PHN bag.
Vital Statistics
- Vital statistics study of vital events such as births, deaths, marriages, divorces, and diseases.
Bag Technique
- Allows nurses to perform procedures with ease and deftness during home visits.
- The Public Health bag is essential and must be carried along during home visits
Public Health Bag Principles
- The most important principle of bag technique is to minimize, if not prevent, the spread of infection.
- It is crucial to save time and effort during home visits.
- The bag technique can be performed in various ways.
- BP apparatus and stethoscope must be carried separately and NEVER placed in the PHN bag.
Solid Waste Management
- Color Coded trash bins:
- Black: Non-infectious dry waste like paper products
- Green: Non-infectious wet waste, leftover meals, or rotten fruits and vegetables
- Yellow: Infectious and Pathological waste like masks, gloves, diapers, surgical specimens, cord, and placenta
- Yellow with black band: Chemical waste including those with heavy metals
- Orange: Radioactive waste
- Red:: Sharps and pressurized containers like syringes and needles
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Description
This quiz covers essential health topics including scabies treatment, communicable versus non-communicable diseases, herbal remedies, and the Universal Health Care Law. Test your knowledge on health care practices, disease prevention, and the use of herbal medicine. Perfect for students and health enthusiasts alike!
