Week 2. Healthcare System Fall 24-25

Introduction to Health Science Health Care System and Career in Health Care (Chapter 1 & 2) Contents 1. Structure of healthcare system 2. Types of healthcare facilities 3.Consolidation of healthcare system and regulatory bodies 4.Current Healthcare system in UAE 5.Yo...

Introduction to Health Science Health Care System and Career in Health Care (Chapter 1 & 2) Contents 1. Structure of healthcare system 2. Types of healthcare facilities 3.Consolidation of healthcare system and regulatory bodies 4.Current Healthcare system in UAE 5.Your future in healthcare system and potential careers.  1.Structure of healthcare system A health care system is an organization of people, institutions, and resources that deliver health care services to meet the health needs of target populations. – One of the largest industries – Growing need for health care professionals – Wide variety of career opportunities 3  Types of healthcare facilities Ambulat Long- Home ory/ Hospital Term Health Outpatie Hospice s Care Care nt Facilities Services Services  Health Care Facilities and Services Wide variety of health care facilities that offer many services for patients with different needs Range in size from private physician’s office to hospitals, clinics, and long-term facilities Many employment options available for today’s health care professionals  A. Hospitals Traditional health care setting for care of ill and injured In past, most patients remained in hospital for all care needed until they were able to return home Cost of hospital care has increased dramatically, that other means of patient care have been developed to limit number and length of patient stays Now high-tech facility limited to patients who need sophisticated treatment and 24-hour care A. Hospitals Organization Chart (Example) A. Hospitals Organization Chart (Example 2)  A. Hospitals (Typical Structure) OPD Patients flow through these gates Emergen cy In Patient  A. Hospitals (Structure) Various levels of care provided – Trauma center – Emergency department (ER) Emergency departments used by some for routine care Extremely expensive – Intensive care unit (ICU) – Coronary care unit (CCU) – General unit – Transitional care unit (TCU) – Rehabilitation unit  B. Ambulatory/Outpatient Services These services do not require the patient to be hospitalized Many diagnostic, treatment and rehabilitation services are now provided in ambulatory centers Most surgeries today are done on outpatient basis with some patients discharged 1-3 hours after surgery  B. Ambulatory/Outpatient Services Facilities that offer outpatient services: – Adult day care – Dental offices – Diagnostic centers – Emergency and urgent care centers – Health care services in companies, schools, and prisons  B. Ambulatory/Outpatient Services Facilities that offer outpatient services: – Medical offices – Rehabilitation centers – Specialty clinics and offices – Surgical centers – Wellness centers  C. Long-Term Care Facilities These facilities provide long-term care for Individuals who do not need to be hospitalized but are unable to live at home. Fastest growing area of health care services  C. Long-Term Care Facilities Nursing homes: nursing and rehabilitation services for patients with long-term illnesses Assisted living residence: housing, meals, and personal care to individuals who need help with daily living activities but do not need daily nursing care  D. Home Health Care Services Provide care to patients in their homes Tremendous growth in need for services Factors contributing to its growth: – Shorter hospital stays – Increase in older population – Medical equipment that can be used at home – Desire of individuals to stay at home  D. Home Health Care Providers Examples of professionals who provide care at home: – Nurses – Physical therapists and assistants – Occupational therapists and assistants – Speech therapists  E. Hospice Palliative care and support to dying patients and their families Team of professionals and volunteers Medical, emotional, and spiritual support Make patient’s last days as pain-free and meaningful as possible  Question True or False: – Palliative care provides comfort and pain relief but does not offer a cure. True or False: – Primary Health Centers (PHC) provides patient hospitalization services  Answer True Palliative care relieves – But does not cure False - Hospital does but not PHC  Consolidation of healthcare system and regulatory bodies Combines facilities under one ownership to control costs – Buy supplies in large quantities – Share expensive equipment – Avoid duplication of lab and diagnostic services – Share knowledge and management expertise – Consolidate services  Consolidation of Health Care Services Provides more consistent and coordinated care for patients – But reduces competition Thus, patients have fewer choices Can result in higher prices and lower quality  Integrated delivery system A strategic move that will provide cost benefits Focus on continuum of care & providing care to patient in most appropriate setting. Integration can be vertical , horizontal or both Diversity provide more financial opportunity for organization as organization has multiple services.  New Types of Facilities Expanded functions for pharmacies – Immunizations, mini-clinics Medical malls – Cluster of services in vacated retail malls  Health Services Authorities/Organizations Conduct research, regulatory, and educational activities Examples of federal agencies: – National Institutes of Health (NIH) – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) – Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) – World Health Organization (WHO)  Current Healthcare system in UAE Health service in UAE provided by : 1. Government health organization at Federal level like : MOHAP (Ministry of Health & Prevention) & EHS (Emirate Health Service) 2. Government health organization at local level like DOH (Department of Health in Abu Dhabi), DHA (Dubai Health Authority) & DAHC(Dubai Academic Health Corporation) in Dubai Sharjah Heath Authority in Sharjah. 3. Military health organization at UAE levels like Zayed Military Hospital in Abu Dhabi 4. Interior health organizations like Dubai police clinic 5. Private health organization across all UAE like American Hospital & Dr Sulaiman Al Habib 6. Semi Government health organizations (Like Cleveland Clinics, Khalifa Specialized hospital affiliated with Johns Hopkins 7. Free zones like Dubai Health Care City (DHCC) Three Levels of Health Care Tertiary Care Secondary Care Primary Health Care  Primary Health Care Health promotion and disease prevention programs address areas such as: Adequate and proper nutrition, Healthy lifestyle, Stress reduction, Immunizations, Smoking cessation campaigns  Primary Health Care Government agencies established at different levels (local, national) to provide public health services. Local health authorities have responsibility for: – Developing programs to meet health needs of people, – Providing necessary resources (staff and equipment) to carry out these programs, – And to continuously evaluate effectiveness of these programs. 29  Secondary Care (specialized) Second level Medical services Medical specialists like cardiologists, urologists not having first contact Requires inpatient hospitalization or same day surgery (hernia repair)  Secondary Care Secondary prevention – Early detection – Diagnosis – Treatment 31  Tertiary Care – Rehabilitation – Health restoration – Specialized care-Highly specialized, technologically based medical services e.g.. Heart or liver transplant or other major procedures – Palliative care Examples of Health services  Your future in healthcare system and potential careers Work contributes to well-being of others Work can be demanding All tasks must be done thoughtfully and carefully  Which Icon you will choose & be Iconic in your profession 1.Laboratory 2.Nutrition 3.Physiother 4.Health apy Admin 5.Radiology 6.Nursing 7.Environme ntal science Which Icon you will choose & be Iconic in your profession  Essential Qualities Care about others Have integrity “honesty” Be dependable, but flexible Work well with others Be willing to learn Strive to be cost-conscious Standards for Health Care Professionals Certification – determined standards and requires education and professional exam Registration – Placement on official list after meeting predetermined standards Licensure – Designation giving formal permission to perform certain tasks – Generally granted by government agencies – Requirements may vary  Professional Qualification Requirement (PQR) -UAE The Ministry of Health and Prevention (MOHAP), Department of Health -Abu Dhabi (DOH), Dubai Health Authority (DHA) & Sharjah Health Authority (SHA) are pleased to present the (PQR) which represents a milestone towards fulfilling the UAE strategic objectives to improve the healthcare service provision across the country. It places an emphasis on educational standards, experience and licensure requirements for healthcare professionals to be licensed to practice safely in the UAE and in accordance with the UAE federal laws and benchmarked international best practices. 39  Glance at PQR https://www.doh.gov.ae/en/pqr 40  Career Ladders Example of a Career Ladder Levels of occupations within professional field. Require different amounts of education and/or training  Potential areas & The five health science career pathways are: 1.Diagnostic Services 2.Therapeutic Services 3.Health Informatics 4.Support Services 5.Biotechnology Research & Development 42  Career Categories 1. Therapeutic and treatment occupations – Assist patients to regain or attain maximum wellness 2. Diagnostic occupations – Determine causes and extent of illnesses and injuries 3. Health information management occupations – Gather, analyze, organize, store, and document patient data 4. Environmental occupations – Develop and maintain therapeutic environments to support patient care Medical specialists Medical specialists Questions  Summary 1.Structure of healthcare system 2.Types of healthcare facilities 3.Consolidation of healthcare system and regulatory bodies 4.Current Healthcare system in UAE 5.Your future in healthcare system and potential careers. 47  Resources 1. https://mohap.gov.ae/en/about-us/organization-structure 2. https://www.doh.gov.ae/en/pqr 48 Thank You And Wish You All The Best 49