Week 1 - Intro to Health Informatics PDF

When you do your EVALUATION for your patient: we have data, numbers (range of motion: how well the joint of Prelims | Week 1 | Introduction t...

When you do your EVALUATION for your patient: we have data, numbers (range of motion: how well the joint of Prelims | Week 1 | Introduction to Health Informatics the body segment of your patient’s can move = ROM of the entire of body = you will get series of numbers, but if only look the number = it will make no sense) COURSE CONTENT I. Lots of Information in Healthcare Health informatics = analyze these data = come up with II. Health Informatics good plan to your patient III. Health Informatics - Ex. based on your evaluation: the range of motion IV. Health Informatics vs. IT of your patient, the entire left is affected → future V. Health Informatics: Not a New Concept OT: you will prescribe management: stretching, A. Involved in Health Informatics strengthen of the muscles = can extend their i. Clinical Staff limb/arms/open close their hands = eventually ii. Nonclinical Staff function/ do their function/ do their activities. iii. Information Science iv. External “Players” B. Key Points HEALTH INFORMATICS VI. Summary “Umbrella term” → application of: o Methodologies and Techniques of Information Science LOTS OF INFORMATION IN HEALTHCARE o Computing Complexity of information in health sciences and how it o Networking plays a crucial role in the work we do as future health o Communications care professionals. to support: health & health related disciplines (such as: medicine, nursing, pharmacy, dentistry, PT, OT, SLP, The data we work with is not just vast but also incredibly etc.) diverse and dynamic = presents: challenges and opportunities. “The field that concerns itself with the cognitive, information processing, and communication tools of medical practice, education and research including the information science and the technology to support these tasks.” Procedures we often engage in within health sciences: – Edward H. Shortlife - Highly complex and involved detailed biological organizations & their function. The use of advanced technologies and information - Ex. Processing of diagnosing a patient with a science → enhance: way we deliver complex condition like cancer - Ex. Rehabilitation: patient w/ cerebral palsy Health care: health informatics o Isn’t just about looking at a single test or It isn’t just about computers or electronic health evaluation but it involves understanding record but it’s about leveraging a broad range of how diff. biological system interact tools from data analytics → communication networks: o The brain was affected children w/ADHD - Improve patient health care or cerebral palsy = it affects the body - Streamline the workforce in the clinic over time - Support healthcare professional: decision - These procedures unfold the ____ lot of making processes information every test every observation, every It goes beyond just the technical side. It also deeply treatment = decision produces data. connected to: o We must record, analyze, and - How we process information cognitively communicate effectively - How we communicate in medical practice - How we use this tools in education & research This information isn’t static, it changes dynamically: - Ex. Patient’s blood pressure or glucose level = can o Ex. when a doctor makes a decision based vary, depends their activity (having strenuous on a patient’s history, laboratory results, activity = BP will go up) = this fluctuation can and current symptoms = they’re engaging significantly impact the treatment decisions we in complex cognitive process take o Health informatics support this by providing right information at the right time This information often comes from the combination of → helping the doctor: make informed many individual health points or data points: Patient’s decisions quickly and accurately medical history. - This field also includes the information science - Ex. Being confined/checked by a doctor = they that underpins these tools: have patient medical records that consists: o how we collect store and retrieve data o Med History o how we ensure its accurate and accessible o Lab Results o Imaging Scans o how we protect it o Realtime Wearable Devices (apple - Top priority: patient’s data is reliable and secure watch) (critical) - Each of these data points = might tell us Multidisciplinary field: brings together (1) Information something on its own. Science, (2) Computing Network (3) Communication o Apple Watch = alarm if u have high BP → goal: supporting health care professional - When: combine = full picture of patient’s health Overall goal: To improve patient outcomes - Combination of data = critical but it also adds the complexity we need to manage  easy for doctors: input and retrieve patient’s Prelims | Week 1 | Introduction to Health Informatics information quickly + supports clinical decision making & HEALTH INFORMATICS: adheres to privacy regulations - They help IT work appropriately o It ensures that the technology in place actually meets the: ▪ Needs of healthcare We can’t do informatics alone providers ▪ Supports We need expertise in: efficient - Computer Science workflows - Information Science ▪ Ultimately - Health Care: we can interpret the numbers improves patient care We can correlate information that the computer science - W/o health informatics: expert & information science expert _____ we might have all the technology but it won’t be as effective in Uses: information (data) → improve healthcare improving health As an interdisciplinary field, it applies technology & outcomes for our information → enhance: healthcare delivery and patient biomedical research - About the using those o In rehabilitation: to elevate the quality of life tools in the best possible of our patients way - The bridge = technology & health professional → HEALTH INFORMATICS VS. IT who rely on it everyday Common misconception of Health Informatics and IT. The difference between information technology and health informatics in healthcare setting. They are closely related but Information technology is hardware & software they serve distinct in how we deliver care to our patient. - Includes: Computers, servers, networking equipment and the various applications that run Information Technology in hospitals is not Health on them. In hospital, IT: manages everything Informatics from the computers o We use to enter our notes Health Informatics Information Technology o To the servers that store imaging - It doesn’t mean that they’re being used - A field that focuses on - Responsible for setting effectively → improve: patient care making sure that all IT up the servers (hardware & software) - Installing the software works appropriately → - Ensuring that all the Health Informatics helps IT ‘work appropriately.’ support: healthcare computers are networked correctly HEALTH INFORMATICS: NOT A NEW CONCEPT - How we use the tools - It is about the tools International Classification of Diseases (ICD): was (provided by the IT → initiated in 1893 collect, store, process, - Global standard for reporting diseases and and use health data health conditions effectively Ex. hospital - Classification system: key element of health implements: new informatics (organizing health data in a way electronic health that allows for consistent communication across record system diff. health system & countries) (EHR: a Clinical guidelines: decades before the appearance system/program of computers wherein all of the - Clinical guidelines: patient’s info, lab o Promote health professionals with results is being evidence-based recommendations for stored in that patient care have been around for particular program decades that has encrypted o Systematic way of managing healthcare server) information → ensure that patient receive - Ensures that system is configured → makes it the best possible care based on the latest research & experts’ consensus  They create and maintain the tools and systems use in healthcare Prelims | Week 1 | Introduction to Health Informatics Work on: o Developing databases o Clinical decision support systems Hospital information management before 70s o Telehealth platforms - Here requires: meticulous organization indexing That improve how healthcare data: collected, stored, and retrieval process to ensure critical info was analyze, and use. available when needed Work: the back bone of health informatics = ensuring - The principle of managing, storing, and using that the right information is available at the right time information effectively have always been central → right people to health care even if tools we use today are more advanced - Even if the tools we use today are more advanced (associating health informatics w/ Those who not work within the healthcare facility but digital tools – data bases & complex algorithm) have a significant influence on health → important to recognize: core ideas of Includes: collecting organizing to improve patient care o Policy maker o Insurance company INVOLVED IN HEALTH INFORMATICS - Use health informatics → manage: claims, determine coverage, and Health informatics brings together a diverse group of analyze the trends that affects the professionals insurance industry (whether they will It’s playing a critical role in how we manage and use allow to get insurance) health information → improve: patient care & health ▪ Ex. you have high blood pressure or care delivery particular person who might get insurance = they have CLINICAL STAFF comorbidities/diabetes before Healthcare professionals (directly involve in patient getting the insurance → they will: care) evaluate it = tell you whether you’ll o Doctor be accepted or not o Pharmacists o Other stakeholders o Nurses - They shape the regulations policies and o OT financial models → impact healthcare o PT delivery o SLP o Ex. policy maker – set standards Rely on health informatics → access: accurate for data privacy and security information, make informed decision, and provide ensuring that patient information evidence-based care is protected Ex. Usage of EHR → review: patient’s medical history, These players help shape the environment in which lab results, and treatment plans = ensuring that they health informatics operates, influencing how data is have all the information they need → deliver high used and managed across the entire health care quality of care systems. NONCLINICAL STAFF KEY POINT These professionals might not be directly involved in Health informatics: patient care but they play an essential role in - Collaborative field that involves various supporting health care operations professionals, each contributing their expertise → Includes: ensure: healthcare data is used effectively → o Hospital administrators support: patient care. o Health information managers - “Multidisciplinary field” o IT support staff - It brings together a diverse group of professionals, Responsible: managing the data system = ensuring each playing critical role in how we manage and use health informatics → improve: patient care & compliance with regulations and maintaining the healthcare delivery technology infrastructure (clinical staff rely on) Ensure the information systems are running smoothly, 1. Clinical Staff: data is secured and that the health care facility - Use informatics tool → deliver care operates efficiently. 2. Nonclinical Staff: - Ensures that the systems and processes are in INFORMATION SCIENCE placed → support: operations. 3. Information Science: Includes: - Professionals developed and maintain the o Data analysts technology = makes it possible o Informatician 4. External “Players” o Software developers - Influence: policies & regulation → guide use of o System designers health information  Prelims | Week 1 | Introduction to Health Informatics SUMMARY 1.) History of Health Informatics - It’s not a new concept but rather a field that has evolved over more than a century o From International Classification of Diseases (ICD) → Clinical guidelines: core principles of health informatics = have long been a part of healthcare 2.) Difference between Information Technology and Health Informatics a. IT: provides tool and hardware & software b. Health Informatics: how we use these tools to improve health care - Ensures that technology works effectively → manage & use health data to support patient care 3.) Wide Range of Service in Health Informatics - From managing electronic health records → supporting telemedicine, analyzing data and ensuring data privacy & security - Designed → optimize: use of health information in delivering high quality care 4.) Diverse Group of Professional Involved in Health Informatics a. Clinical Staff b. Nonclinical Staff c. Information Science d. External Players - They play vital roles in making sure that health information is manage effectively → support patient care & health care operations Health Informatics: - Dynamic and collaborative field that sits at the intersection of (1) Healthcare health, (2) Technology, and (3) Information science – understanding the roles & contribution of professionals in this field is essential = we work together → improve: healthcare delivery