Visual Information Processing PDF

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY Visual Perception/Visual Motor Skills Professor Strange Review of The Three-Component Model of Vision Visual Information Processing...

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY Visual Perception/Visual Motor Skills Professor Strange Review of The Three-Component Model of Vision Visual Information Processing Thorough Eye Exam Visual Visual Integrity Efficiency  Visual integrity- Eye health Acuity Visual Refraction - Will child benefit from glasses? Integrity: Myopia = nearsightedness Focus on Eye Strengths versus issues? Hyperopia = farsightedness Health Strengths versus issues? Astigmatism- blurry vision near/far Need to rule out! Visual Efficiency 1 2 3 Eye focusing Eye teaming Eye movement (accommodation) (binocular vision) testing- (fixation, Strabismus or phoria saccades, pursuits) Convergence insufficiency- leading cause of eye strain  Visual Spatial Skills Laterality Directionality Visual Visual Analysis Skills (TVPS) Ability to analyze and discriminate visually presented Information information To determine whole from incomplete parts To focus on important features and ignore Processing extraneous details To use visual imagery to recall past information Visual Motor Skills (Beery VMI) Ability to integrate visual information skills with fine motor movement VP/VM Impairment and Impact on Academics and Life Skills Literacy and Written Communication Writing/spelling process (encoding) Ex: taking notes in class Reading (decoding) Literature/directions Functional reading Visual Perception Object perception examples form constancy- A, a, A Georgia Helvetica PT Sans visual closure- distinguishing pen from pencil when partially hidden figure ground-locating shoes in closet, textbooks in locker This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC Visual Perception Spatial Perception examples Depth perception- relative distance between objects, landmarks Topographical orientation- determining object location and route to a location Visuospatial orientation- position in space Up, down, L, R, in, out, front, back This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC  Visual Motor Integration Combines visual perception and motor skills Examples of occupations/activities that require VM skills? This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC  Written Information requires understanding of Education: Visual configuration (seeing word as graphic) Orthography (Order of letter, rules of spelling, grammar) Reading and Phonology (units of sound) Literacy Semantics (meaning) Put these together to develop sight words Leads to automaticity àcomprehension This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC Comprehensive Evaluation Always start with Occupational profile Evaluation includes Observation Interview Record review Formal assessment and informal assessment What does it yield? What is the natural context you should observe? This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC The Developmental Eye Movement (DEM)test Visual-verbal ocular motor assessment tool Often used in optometric practices to evaluate school-age children's ability to efficiently perform saccadic eye movements used in reading. Review from Junior Year For your own review  Measure of visual perception, individually administered, retesting intervals of 4-6 months to minimize practice effects Test of Visual Age: Norms for children ages 5.0 years through 21- 11 years Perceptual 30 minutes Skills (TVPS 7 subtests: visual discrimination, visual memory, spatial relationships, form constancy, sequential 4th ed) memory, figure ground, visual closure Research indicates the tool is unbiased regarding race and gender. Take out your TVPS: Calculate Chron. Age  What does it Yield? Pros and What do you think the ecological validity is for this assessment? cons of the How do you need to follow up? TVPS? You will score and write additional recommendations for follow up in lab week 7 DEVELOPMENTAL TEST OF VISUAL-MOTOR INTEGRATION (VMI) 6TH EDITION (BEERY, BUKTENICA & BEERY) Standardized for children 2 yr – 99:11 yr 30 geometric forms, arranged in developmental sequence individually or group administered in just 10 to 15 minutes Also, short form for children 2-7 yrs. Two supplemental test--the VMI Visual Test and the VMI Motor Test Strong reliability and validity Let’s Administer Take out your form- Val will administer What does the information yield? the VMI as What is the impact of copying forms on handwriting readiness? a Group  LTG: Child will increase visual perceptual/motor skills in order to complete written tasks within modified 2nd grade curriculum as measured by completion of 3/3 Obj. Goals: Obj: Using multisensory approach, child will correctly Establish/Restore form each letter from a-z in 4/5 trials. Obj:: Child will write spelling words from memory without evidence of reversals in 8/10 words that incorporate b, d and p, q. in 4/5 opportunities.  LTG: child will utilize provided strategies and modifications in order to complete art activities in 1st grade curriculum. Obj: Child will follow a hole punched line to cut basic Goals: 4” shapes with no more than 1/4-inch deviation in 4/5 opportunities Compensatory Obj: Given a visually targeted area, child will place glue and/or paper on target with no more than ¼” deviation in 4/5 attempts. Obj: Child will trace within ¼” of stencil to complete a picture in 4/5 trials Intervention Approach: Establish Restore Francis & Beck (2018,). Key Elements of intervention Activities include... Developing fine motor skill: ______ Drawing and copying forms: ________ Gross motor strategies: __________ All as means to enhance occupational engagement! UDL with Environmental Adaptations Approach: Establish/Restore Modify the context and/or activity demands...for everyone’s benefit  Teach problem solving skills- Examples: Therapeutic use of cuing: 1. (ask child to “look again”) àcan child self- USE OF correct? COGNITIVE 2. (Describe further) -->encourages child to attend more closely STRATEGIES 3. (OT emphasizes important feature of the form or object) Let’s give example...to the board  Facilitate self-generated strategies Explicit instruction/feedback Model with pictures, give clear explanations, fade support USE OF Visual imagery STRATEGIES Haptic perception activities to increase visual perception at early age Collaboration with team members to learn from and with