Venipuncture Lab Topic 1 PDF

VENIPUNCTURE PRELIMS SANCHEZ, KYLA MAE R., RRT (2027) Homeostasis = balance 5 different blood vessels 1 : Arteries 2. arteriores · 3 reins y venules 5...

VENIPUNCTURE PRELIMS SANCHEZ, KYLA MAE R., RRT (2027) Homeostasis = balance 5 different blood vessels 1 : Arteries 2. arteriores · 3 reins y venules 5 cappillaries * all blood reds contain lumen common illiac actoy : sa pulse sa leg Arterioles · regulate  13/08/2024 INTRODUCTION TO Assignment #1 Associated Medical Terms RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATIONS ANATOMICAL TERMS 1. IVP 11. Urography 1. 1. Prone 2. DSA 12. Retrograde Pyelography 2. 2. Supine 3. BaE 13. Nephrotomography 3. 3. Bolus 4. Esophagography 14. Cystography 4. 4. Percutaneous 5. SIS 15. Prostatography 5. 5. Antecubital 6. UGIS 16. Myelography 6. 6. Distal 7. Lymphography 17. Dacryocystography 7. 7. Proximal 8. Sialography 18. Venography (UL & LL) 8. 8. Retrograde 9. Hysterosalpingography 19. ORIF 9. 9. Intravenous 10. Cholegraphy/ 20. Phlebotomy 10. 10. Subcutaneous Cholangiography/ Chocystography Example lay-out (You may adapt or create your own): PROCEDURE DEFINITION PART OF INTEREST INVOLVED A procedure that obtains access to the vein for 1. VENIPUNCTURE Vein venous blood sampling or intravenous therapy. 1  13/08/2024 Structure & Function of Blood Vessel What is a vein, artery, capillary, and circulation? INTRO to ANATOMY ✓ The cardiovascular system contributes to Homeostasis ___________ of other body systems by ________________________________ transporting & distributing blood _____________throughout materials the body to deliver materials and carry away wastes. ✓ The structures involved in these important tasks are the _____________________, blood vessels which formed a closed system of tubes that carries blood away from the heart, transports it to the tissues of the body, and then returns it to the heart. 2  13/08/2024 Arteries FUNCTION Vasoconstriction AWAY from the heart to other organs. Carry blood ______ DECREASE __________ in the diameter of the lumen of a blood vessel. Elastic Muscular LARGEST ✓ ____________in the body ✓ Medium-sized arteries that that has the largest diameter smooth contains more _______ thin vessel wall. but has _____ muscle and fewer elastic ✓ They help propel _______ blood fibers in their tunica media. ✓ Muscular Arteries are onward while ventricles are relaxing. greater capable of _______ Vasodilation ✓ Example: aorta, pulmonary vasoconstriction ________andvasodilation _______ to trunk. adjust the rate of blood flow. INCREASE __________ in the diameter ✓ Ex: Brachial artery in the arm of the lumen of a blood and radial artery in the vessel. forearm 3  13/08/2024 Arterioles FUNCTION regulate the Abundant microscopic vessels that _________ flow of blood into the capillary networks of the body’s tissues. They are known Literally meaning RESISTANCE small arteries as __________ ____________. VESSELS ____________. Arterioles play a key Vasoconstriction of role in regulating blood increases blood arterioles _________ flow from arteries into pressure capillaries by regulating resistance __________, the Vasodilation of arterioles opposition to blood flow. decreases blood __________ pressure. 4  13/08/2024 & main site of exchange of materials endothelium & # smallest blood vessels * main site of gas exchangeS substances Capillary FUNCTION A capillary is a microscopic channel that supplies blood to the tissues themselves, a perfusion process called __________. Continuous Fenestrated Sinusoids ✓ The _________________of most common type ✓ Has _____ ports (or fenestrations) ✓ Least common type of capillary and is found in in addition to tight junctions capillary. Sinusoid capillaries almost all vascularized in the endothelial lining. flattened and they are _________, tissues. ✓ These make the capillary have extensive intercellular complete incomplete basement gaps and ____________ ✓ Characterized by a ________ endothelial lining permeable _______ to larger molecules. _______ with tight junctions membranes _____________, in addition between endothelial cells. to intercellular clefts and fenestrations. 5  13/08/2024 Venules FUNCTION blood drain the capillary Venules __________________and begin the return flow of blood back toward the heart. Postcapillary Muscular venule venule ✓ Initially receives blood from ✓ Circularly arranged smooth the capillaries _________. They are the muscle cells that have smallest ________ venules and have thicker walls across which loosely organized wf the interstitial _______________________ exchanges intercellular junctions. _______________________ site of fluid can no longeroccur ✓ They function as the ___ ______________________. of nutrients waste exchange & _______ __________and white blood cell emigration. 6  13/08/2024 Veins FUNCTION tissues back Convey blood from _______________ to the heart. _________________ _________________ DEEP VEINS SUPERFICIAL VEINS ______________ ANASTOMOTIC VEINS _______________ _________________ ✓ veins that travel ✓ veins within the ✓ Double sets of veins between the subcutaneous layer escort the arteries skeletal muscle. unaccompanied by and connect with They anastomose parallel arteries. one another via with the superficial venous channels veins 7  13/08/2024 -memorize Diagram of a blood vessel Role of Cadiovascular Center 8  13/08/2024 Cardiovascular Center CARDIOVASCULAR (CV) CENTER in the medulla oblongata ___________________helps regulate heart rate and stroke volume. It also controls neural, hormonal, and local negative feedback systems that regulate blood I blood pressure _______________________________ Flow ________________to specific tissues. Cardiovascular Center The three main types of sensory receptors that provide input to the cardiovascular center are: CHEMORECEPTORS __________________ PROPRIECEPTORS __________________ Monitor the Monitor movements of concentration of joints and muscles and various chemicals in BARORECEPTORS provide input to the _________________ the blood. cardiovascular center during physical activity Monitor changes in. pressure and stretch in the walls of blood vessels. 9  13/08/2024 Circulation Blood Circulation Pulmonary ✓Mainly responsible for supplying ________________ Oxygen & releasing carbon dioxide ______________________to and from the heart. Systemic ✓Mainly responsible for __________________________ moving blood from the heart to the cell of the body and vice versa. _______________________________, 1. Coronary __________(cardiac) circulation: a subdivision of systemic circulation which supplies the myocardium of the heart. 2. CEREBRAL ________ circulation: supplies blood to the brain. HEPATIC PORtaL 3. __________________circulation: extends from the gastrointestinal tract to the liver 10  13/08/2024 Blood Circulation Venous Aortic Circulation Circulation ✓___________________: CORONARY SINUS receives blood ✓_____________: ASCENDING AORTA portion of aorta that from the cardiac veins and drains all the emerges from the left ventricle posterior to tissues of the heart. the pulmonary trunk. ✓ SUPERIOR VENA CAVA ____________________: receives blood ✓ ARCH OF AORTA descends at the level of the _____________: from other veins superior to the diaphragm. intervertebral disc between the 4th and 5th Regions that are being drained are: head, thoracic vertebrae. neck, upper limbs, and thorax. ✓ _____________: THORACIC AORTA As the aorta continues to ✓ INFERIOR VENA CAVA ____________________: receives blood descend, it lies close to the vertebral bodies from veins inferior to the diaphragm. and is called thoracic aorta. Regions involved are: abdomen, pelvis, and ✓ _____________: ABDOMINAL AORTA It descends to the level of lower limbs. the 4th lumbar vertebra where it divides in two common iliac arteries which carry blood to the pelvis and lower limbs. Site Selection 11  13/08/2024 Site Selection Choosing an appropriate site for venipuncture is crucial for a successful !!! venipuncture. location size I feel of the vein are important in selecting The _________________________________ , , which vein to use. widest deepest part The ________________________of , the vein is usually the easiest from which to draw. However, do not draw at the point where two veins join as there is a valve at these junctures. It should be large in order for the contrast agent to flow easily. bend of the arm an ideal choice. ✓ The _________________is back of the hand a secondary choice. ✓ The _________________is ✓ The wrist is too close to arteries and veins to be a primary site. It can be used, but only with experienced supervision, usually a doctor. Site Selection The veins most often used for venipuncture are located in the antecubital area. Typically the order of choice in vein selection is as follows: Median Vein & fullest This vein is usually the largest ____________________vein and is best anchored by the surrounding musculature of the arm. Cephalic Vein This vein is next largest and next better anchored by the surrounding musculature of the arm. Basilic Vein close to the brachial artery so The basilic vein is ___________________________ there is more risk of hitting an artery. This area is often more sensitive, thus a stick is slightly more painful for the patient. 12  13/08/2024 Site Selection When selecting a site, never use the arm with the following: ✓ scarred areas ✓ blood transfusion/dialysis ✓ site of mastectomy ✓ fistula/graft ✓ edematous area ✓ shunt ✓ hematoma ✓ decreased sensation ❖ Best insertion site for patient under 6 ❖ Characteristic of a vein: HAND y/o is the ________ 1. LARGE _______ enough to receive the shaft of dorsal metacarpal vein (_________________________). needle. ❖ For 6 y/o and above: VISIBLE and PALPABLE 2. ___________ ___________.3. Vein BASILIC/CEPHALIC VEIN ________________________________ should be intact (not damaged). pliant ❖ Vein must be _______(suitable for 4. The vein should not be THROMBOSED _________ varied uses) and resilient _______ (able to return TORTUOUS (stationary blood clot) or __________ to shape after being pressed). (complicated END GJBP, RRT, RPO 13