Uses of Nutrients Summary Notes.docx

**[Uses of Nutrients]** 1. **Carbohydrates**: - **Primary source of energy**: Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which fuels the body's activities, from breathing to physical exercise. - **Sources**: Bread, pasta, rice, potatoes, and fruits are rich i...

**[Uses of Nutrients]** 1. **Carbohydrates**: - **Primary source of energy**: Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which fuels the body's activities, from breathing to physical exercise. - **Sources**: Bread, pasta, rice, potatoes, and fruits are rich in carbohydrates. - **Types**: Simple (sugars) and complex (starches). Complex carbs provide longer-lasting energy. 2. **Proteins**: - **Building blocks of the body**: Proteins are essential for growth, repair of tissues, and making enzymes and hormones. - **Sources**: Meat, fish, eggs, beans, nuts, and dairy products. - **Amino acids**: Proteins are made of amino acids. Some are essential and must be obtained from food. 3. **Fats**: - **Energy reserve**: Fats store energy for later use and help protect organs and insulate the body. - **Absorption of vitamins**: Fats help the body absorb fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K). - **Sources**: Oils, butter, avocados, nuts, and fatty fish. - **Types**: Saturated fats (from animal products) should be limited, while unsaturated fats (from plants and fish) are healthier. 4. **Vitamins**: - **Regulate body processes**: Vitamins support vital functions like immunity, skin health, and vision. - **Different roles**: - **Vitamin C** helps with immune function and wound healing. - **Vitamin D** strengthens bones by helping absorb calcium. - **Vitamin A** is important for vision and skin health. - **Sources**: Fruits, vegetables, dairy, and sunlight (for Vitamin D). 5. **Minerals**: - **Bone and blood health**: Minerals like calcium and phosphorus are crucial for bone development, while iron is needed for producing red blood cells. - **Electrolyte balance**: Sodium and potassium help regulate fluids in the body and maintain nerve and muscle function. - **Sources**: Leafy greens, dairy products, meat, and nuts. 6. **Water**: - **Vital for life**: Water is essential for all bodily functions. It transports nutrients, helps with digestion, regulates temperature, and removes waste. - **Hydration**: Drinking enough water helps maintain good health and prevents dehydration. 7. **Fiber**: - **Aids digestion**: Fiber helps move food through the digestive system, preventing constipation. - **Supports heart health**: High-fiber diets can lower cholesterol levels. - **Sources**: Fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes. These nutrients work together to maintain energy levels, support body growth and repair, and ensure overall health and well-being.