Coral Reefs PDF

Classification of sponges TERM Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: porifera DEFINITION Classification of polyps TERM Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Cnideria Class: Hydrozoa, Scypozoa, Cubozoa, Anthrozoa What do Cnidaria have that profiera doesn't? TERM Tissues DEFINITION Character...

Classification of sponges TERM Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: porifera DEFINITION Classification of polyps TERM Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Cnideria Class: Hydrozoa, Scypozoa, Cubozoa, Anthrozoa What do Cnidaria have that profiera doesn't? TERM Tissues DEFINITION Characteristics of Porfifera: TERM - simplest of all animals - contain specialized cells but no other organization level - most are marine - saltwater sponges are brightly colored - freshwater sponges are small and dull green color Anthozoa (class of cnidaria) TERM Image -POLYP STAGE -Anemones and corals -form colonies DEFINITION Speciation TERM Image The creation of a new species due to reproductive isolation DEFINITION CLass Anthozoa TERM Image - Hard coral - Soft coral DEFINITION Zooxanthella TERM Image - small microscopic algal cells - only found in hard coral DEFINITION How are reefs forms? TERM Image By hard corals that lay down a CaCO3 base DEFINITION What is the structure that brings water into and out of a sponge? TERM Image - Water enters through pores bringing in food and oxygen - Osculum- large opening at the top where excess water leaves DEFINITION What is symbiosis? TERM Image two species living together DEFINITION Give me an example of symbiosis TERM Image The shrimp lives in a symbiotic relationship with corals. Despite being much smaller than its predator, the crown-of-thorns sea star, the shrimp fiercely defends its coral host by snapping at the sea star's tube feet. Coral colonies protected by these shrimp can also shield other coral species from being eaten, shaping coral reef communities. DEFINITION What class do corals belong to? TERM Image Anthozoa DEFINITION What class do jellyfish belong to? TERM Image Scyphozoa DEFINITION How many and what are the cell layers of porifera? TERM Image 2 cell layers Epidermic Endoderm DEFINITION mesenchyme TERM Image holds cell layers together DEFINITION How do sponges protect themselves? TERM Image Spicules and toxins DEFINITION specialized cells TERM Image Cells that perform specific functions that benefit the entire multicellular organism DEFINITION do poriferas produce sexually or asexually? TERM Image both DEFINITION what are the benefits and drawbacks of sexual reproduction? TERM Image benefits: - Combines genetic material from two parents, increasing resilience to diseases, predators, and environmental changes. - Greater genetic variability enhances the species' ability to adapt to changing conditions like rising temperatures or ocean acidification. drawbacks: - the chance of sperm and egg meeting is small and many larvae die before they can settle DEFINITION what are the benefits and drawbacks of asexual reproduction? TERM Image benefits: - Corals can quickly increase their population size, aiding in reef expansion. - allows corals to repair damaged sections of a reef and fill in gaps. drawbacks: - Since offspring are clones, they cannot adapt to new environmental conditions, diseases, or predators, making them more vulnerable. DEFINITION What are is the Cnidaria group? TERM Image jellies, corals, cenenemes DEFINITION Cnidocytes TERM Image stinging cells in cnidarians DEFINITION Nemacytes TERM Image hold cnidocytes DEFINITION who has radial symmetry TERM Image Cnidaria DEFINITION what is dimorphic? TERM Image occurring in two distinct forms, medusa and polyp DEFINITION What main form do you find with anthozoa? TERM Image polyp DEFINITION What main form do you find with scythozoa? TERM Image medusa DEFINITION digestive tract TERM Image same mouth and butt (incomplete gut) DEFINITION Class hydrozoa example TERM Image fire coral DEFINITION Class sypchozoa example TERM Image jellyfish DEFINITION Class cubozoa example TERM Image box jellies DEFINITION Class anthozoa example TERM Image corals/solitary(by themselves, sea anemone is an example of one) and colonial(polyps all over coral head), sea anemones (polyp) DEFINITION What causes coral bleaching? TERM Image Warmer water temperatures can result in coral bleaching. When water is too warm, corals will expel zooxanthellae living in their tissues causing the coral to turn completely white. DEFINITION what are coral reefs made up of? TERM Image soft and hard corals DEFINITION what are gametes? TERM Image sex cells (sperm and egg) DEFINITION Sessile (poriferas) TERM An organism that does not move. It remains attached to one place. DEFINITION Dipleurula TERM free-swimming larval stage (sexual) DEFINITION fragmentation TERM pieces break off and form a new sponge (asexual) DEFINITION choancytes TERM line the gastrovascular cavity and capture food DEFINITION Amebocytes TERM digest and distribute food DEFINITION Decentralized nervous system TERM No brain but can respond to stimuli