Unit 5 and Part of Unit 6 PDF

 5 Do You Really Need It? www.ien.edu.sa 1 Listen and Discuss 1. Do you think you are influenced by advertisements? Explain....

 5 Do You Really Need It? www.ien.edu.sa 1 Listen and Discuss 1. Do you think you are influenced by advertisements? Explain. 2. Describe an advertisement that you think is memorable or effective. The BMX–3000 Sports Car Introducing the new BMX–3000. Set yourself apart from the crowd with a car as modern and sophisticated as you are. The BMX–3000 has everything you ever dreamed of — speed, beauty, power, and performance. But be prepared for the attention: Wherever you go, people will watch and admire you and your BMX–3000. Wake up and get into the car of your dreams. Drive a BMX–3000, because you only live once. E S S E N C E S H A M P O O F LO R A L e Shampoo. en d to dull, lifel es s hair with Floral Essenc Put an an d minerals, so your ai ns 28 vitam in s Floral Essence cont ow that Floral Essence’s he alth. St ud ie s sh hair will shine with ir twice as strong, while ul a m ak es yo ur ha exclusive new form ful effec ts of wind and sun. ainst th e ha rm protecting your hair ag ng and healthy hair. e Sh am po o fo r st ro Use Floral Essenc D Y N E X LAUNDRY DETERGENT Trying to get rid of tough laundry stains can be frustrating. Luckily, there’s Dynex Laundry Detergent. Dynex has 33 percent more cleaning power than the next leading brand. If Dynex won’t work, nothing will! Yet, while Dynex is powerful enough to get out the worst stains, it is gentle enough to use with all your clothes. Give it a try and see the Dynex difference for yourself. Unless your clothes look their best, you won’t feel your best. 68 @saudienglish MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 68 30/4/24 3:04 AM  Crystal Spring Water Term2 PLANET MERCURY SNEA KERS Until you put your feet in Planet Mercury sneakers, you won’t know what they are capable of. With Planet Me rcury’s revolutionary new patented sneaker tec hnology, you can run faster, jump higher, and perform better. Why settle for less when you can have the best? Take it from NBA star De rek Larkin, who says, “I wouldn’t wear anything else on the court.” Join the Planet Mercury generation. Don’t let everyone else have all the fun. Quick Check e Q A. Vocabulary. Match each word with its definition. 1. ______ admire a. meant or planned 2. ______ brand b. causing big change 3. ______ exclusive c. combination of ingredients 4. ______ formula d. respect 5. ______ intended e. having high-class tastes 6. ______ revolutionary f. belonging only to one (company) 7. ______ sophisticated g. the name that identifies a product or manufacturer B. Comprehension. Answer the questions about the advertisements. 1. Which advertisement appeals to the reader’s desire to be special? 2. Which advertisement appeals to the reader’s desire to do what other people are doing? 3. Which advertisements use statistics to sell their products? 4. Which advertisements use famous people to sell their products? 5. Which advertisements do you think are most effective? Why? 2 Pair Work Work with a partner to choose a product. Create an advertisement for the product and share it with the class. 69 @saudienglish MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 69 30/4/24 3:04 AM  5 Do You Really Need It?  www.ien.edu.sa 3 Grammar Adverb Clauses An adverb clause is a dependent clause. It begins with an adverb and is always linked to an independent clause. Because the shoes were on sale, I bought two pairs. (adverb clause) (independent clause) Don’t buy that dress unless you really need it. (independent clause) (adverb clause) Note: When an adverb clause begins the sentence, use a comma to separate it from the independent clause. When the adverb clause is at the end, do not use a comma. Because, because of, since, and now that begin adverb clauses that give information about reasons. They closed the store early, since there were no customers. Because of must be followed by a noun (or noun phrase). They went to the mall, because of the sale. (In order) to and so (that) begin adverb clauses that give information about purpose. (In order) to must be followed with the base form of the verb. Advertisements use many techniques in order to convince people to buy products. Clauses with so (that) usually include a modal. I left my wallet at home, so that I wouldn’t be tempted to buy anything. If, even if, in case, only if, and unless begin adverb clauses that give information about conditions. I’ll write down my phone number in case you need it. Use if to show that the condition affects the result. Use even if to show that it does not. Use the present tense with an if-clause, even if it refers to a future time. We won’t go to the picnic if it rains. We’re going to the picnic, even if it rains. Where, wherever, and everywhere begin adverb clauses that give information about place. He buys something wherever he goes. The advertisements were placed everywhere you could imagine. A. Match the main clauses and adverb clauses to form sentences. Use correct punctuation. They patented their new formula so that no one else could use it. 1. They patented their new formula c a. I feel so much more energetic 2. She can’t use that brand of make-up b. only if I finish my paper tonight 3. Even if you are in perfect health c. so that no one else could use it 4. I shop d. because she’s allergic to it 5. I’ll come to the picnic tomorrow e. where I can get the best prices 6. Since I started exercising f. you should have an annual checkup 70 @saudienglish MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 70 30/4/24 3:04 AM  B. Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the box. In some cases, more than one answer is possible. because of in order to since unless even if now that so that wherever I’ll give you a call while we’re hiking unless I can’t get a signal on my cell phone. 1. ______________________ it rains tomorrow, the parade will still happen. 2. It is important to wear your seatbelt ______________________ you don’t get hurt in an accident. 3. People vote ______________________ have an impact on their government. 4. The football game had to be canceled ______________________ the heat. 5. ______________________ he goes, his little brother follows him. 6. ______________________ he’s working in a prestigious law firm, he wears sophisticated clothes. C. Combine each pair of sentences using the appropriate word or phrase in parentheses. I’ll buy an electronic book reader. I won’t buy it if it’s too expensive. (because / unless) I’ll buy an electronic book reader unless it’s too expensive. 1. We’re going to use a map. We have no idea how to get there. (since / so that) 2. A new leader has been elected. Things are starting to change. (unless / now that) 3. You get the flu shot. You can still get the flu. (even if / in order to) 4. She takes her electronic dictionary with her. She takes it to each place she goes. (unless / wherever) 5. You want to go to a top university. You must have excellent grades. (because of / if) 6. I’d be happy to keep you company. You might want to be alone. (unless / if) 7. The game was canceled. The rain was the reason. (only if / because of) 8. Keep in touch. I want to know how you are doing. (so that / even if) D. Complete the sentences with your own ideas. 1. …now that I have more time. 4. …in case you need help. 2. Global warming will continue unless… 5. Wherever you go these days,… 3. If I found my best friend’s journal,… 6. Unless you have a passport,… E. Look at the TV commercial for toothpaste. Imagine what the man is saying. Write a script for the commercial, using some of the words from the box. If you want sparkling, white teeth, try Sparkle Bright toothpaste. because in case so that because of in order to unless even if now that where everywhere only if wherever if since 71 @saudienglish MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 71 30/4/24 3:04 AM  5 Do You Really Need It?  4 www.ien.edu.sa Conversation Farah: Wow! Look at all those bags! I wouldn’t buy any more if I were you. I think you’re going to regret spending so much money today. You bought four sweaters, three dresses, and two pairs of shoes. Amal: Actually, I bought three pairs of shoes. But don’t worry. I’m not buying another thing. I don’t think I could carry anything else. And anyway, after all this shopping, I’m officially broke. Farah: Let’s go so that you’re not tempted to buy anything else. Hey, where are you going? Amal: Look at this gorgeous sweater! Farah: Amal! Didn’t you just say you weren’t going to buy another thing? Amal: Yeah, but now I’m not so sure. I hardly have any red sweaters, and this one is adorable. Farah: I thought you were broke. I would just walk away from it if I were you. Amal: Well, I do have my credit card. Farah: I don’t think using your credit card is a good idea. Think carefully about it before you blow more money on more clothes. Amal: You’re right. I’d better not max out my credit card. OK. I’m going to show some self-control. If I stay here another minute or two, I’ll break down and buy it. So quick—let’s beat it. About the Conversation Real Talk 1. Where are Farah and Amal? How do you know? broke = out of money 2. What is Farah trying to convince Amal not to do? Why? blow = waste money 3. What does Amal change her mind about in the conversation? max out = spend up to the limit beat it = leave quickly Your Turn Advising Against Something Role-play with a partner. Imagine that you are Are you sure you want to do that? about to do something that is enjoyable, but I don’t think that’s a good idea. probably isn’t a good idea, such as spending a I wouldn’t do that if I were you. lot of money on clothes, taking a nap when you I’m afraid you’re going to regret it if you… should be studying, or eating a second helping You should think carefully before you… of dessert. Your partner will try to convince you not to do it, using the phrases for advising against something. 72 @saudienglish MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 72 30/4/24 3:04 AM  5 Listening Listen to the lecture about advertising techniques. Then identify the kind of technique each product uses. Advertising Technique 1. Sparkle Bright toothpaste What’s good about it? 2. Dew Top cola 3. Indigo jeans 4. Caremark cards 5. Safe Home alarm systems 6 Pronunciation The word to has different pronunciations. Before consonants, to is generally pronounced /tu/, like the first sound in the word tug. Before vowels, to is generally pronounced /tuː/ like the word two. Listen and practice. 1. Good morning and welcome to Advertising 101. 2. You are here today because you want to learn the secrets behind how advertisers sell to consumers. 3. Because viewers admire and want to be like the person, they may want to use the product. 4. The advertiser tries to get the viewer to respond to the commercial with some kind of strong emotion. 5. The advertiser wants the consumer to associate the product with the emotion. 7 Vocabulary Building A. You will see the following words in the reading on pages 74 and 75. Match the words with their meanings. 1. ______ consumer a. shockingly strange or unexpected 2. ______ exposed b. design symbol of a business or product 3. ______ logo c. without planning 4. ______ outlandish d. different from what is typically expected 5. ______ spontaneously e. a person who buys things or services 6. ______ unconventional f. left unprotected B. Check your answers with a partner. If you do not understand the meaning of a word, look it up in a dictionary. 73 @saudienglish MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 73 30/4/24 3:04 AM  5 Do You Really Need It?  8 www.ien.edu.sa Reading Before Reading Make a list of all the places you see ads in your everyday life. How many ads do you think you are exposed to in an average day? ADS EVERYWHERE: Do You “Buy” It? For most people, it is virtually impossible to go through the day without seeing advertisements. From the time we wake up and flip on the TV or check our email, we are surrounded by advertisements. They are in magazines, on buses, on billboards, online, and on buildings, to name just a few of the places we see them throughout the day. According to a recent study, the average person is exposed to between 400 and 600 advertisements each day. This means that by the time we are 60, we will have been exposed to 9 to 13 million advertisements! In the past, advertisements were usually designed to reach people in their homes through traditional approaches, like TV commercials and newspaper and magazine ads. However, people’s viewing habits have changed dramatically in the last couple of decades. These days, people are less likely to give one form of media their full attention. For example, even if someone is watching TV, they are also often using the Internet at the same time. Advertisers need the consumer’s attention in order to promote their products. But because getting this attention is harder than it used to be, advertisers have been forced to find new ways of reaching the consumer. One unconventional place advertisements are popping up is in doctors’ offices. In some doctors’ offices, pharmaceutical companies advertise products on everything from boxes of tissues to the paper covering the exam table. Doctors get free products, and the advertisers get the consumers’, attention. Similarly, advertisements are becoming more common in schools. “Free” products such as book covers and educational posters are offered by companies so that the company can advertise on these materials. In the U.S., a company called Channel One broadcasts a ten-minute news program followed by two minutes of commercials each day in 350,000 schools. Because the schools show these news programs, the companies give them thousands of dollars worth of much needed audiovisual equipment. Advertisers have found that one of the best ways to get consumer attention is to place ads in unusual places. So, ads are popping up in all kinds of unexpected places like pizza boxes, grocery carts, air sickness bags on airplanes, and even on pieces of food like bananas and apples. A television network recently imprinted its logo on 35 million eggs. They called the approach “egg-vertisements.” One of the strangest developments in advertising has been people selling advertising space on themselves! This mini-trend began in 2005 when a man offered his face for advertising to the highest bidder on eBay. A pharmaceutical company won the spot, paying the man $37,375 to place a temporary sticker on his forehead to advertise one of their products. He may have been the first to offer such an unusual exchange, but he was not the last. 74 @saudienglish MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 74 30/4/24 3:04 AM  Perhaps the sneakiest form of advertising is called buzz marketing. This involves a company hiring people to create excitement about a product. In exchange for free products or money, these people pretend to talk about the product spontaneously in everyday settings to people they meet in their daily lives. Sometimes professional actors are even hired to pose as users of the product. If the technique is done correctly, the consumers do not even know that they were the target of buzz marketing. Lately, buzz marketing has been spreading to chat rooms, Internet forums, and blogs. Wherever we go, advertisements seem to follow. Unless you’re reading this article on a desert island, there’s probably an advertisement close by. And there seems to be no limit to the lengths advertisers will go to in order to catch our attention. In the years ahead, we can expect advertisers to come up with even more creative, surprising, and outlandish forms of advertising in their ongoing efforts to grab our attention—and our wallets! After Reading 1. How many advertisements is the average person exposed to each day? 2. What are traditional advertising approaches? 3. What does the author of the article consider to be one of the strangest developments in advertising? 4. What does the author consider to be the sneakiest form of advertising? 9 Speaking 1. Work in pairs/groups. Think about advertising that is used to address adults, teenagers, and young children in your country. Decide on 2-3 products and/or services for each age group. Which advertisements are more memorable, in your view? 2. Talk about the slogans, images, and methods/techniques used in these advertisements and make notes in the chart. Then use your notes to discuss your ideas in class. Target group Product/service 1 Product/service 2 Method/technique Adults Teenagers Young children 75 @saudienglish MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 75 30/4/24 3:05 AM  5 Do You Really Need It?  11 Form, Meaning and Function www.ien.edu.sa Conditional Sentences with Present and Future Forms You can use conditional sentences with if to talk about causes and results. Present Facts Use the simple present tense in both clauses. Our bottles are recyclable. If you drink Crystal Spring water, not only do you feel more energetic but you help the environment. Future Facts Use the simple present in the if-clause and the future with be going to or will in the result clause. If you drive the BMX-3000, people will notice and admire you. If you have dull and lifeless hair, Floral Essence shampoo will make it healthy and shiny. You won’t feel your best, if your clothes don’t look their best. May/Might Use may/might in the result clause to suggest something is possible, but not certain. If you haven’t yet worn Planet Mercury sneakers, you may not be performing to your best ability. Put your feet in them today to see what you can do! I’d Rather/I’d Prefer Use I’d rather (= I would rather) to talk about preferences. A: Would you prefer to go shopping or stay home? B: I’d rather go shopping. A: I’d prefer to stay home. I don’t want to spend all my money. A. Complete the sentences about facts. Use the simple present or will in the second clause. 1. If you ________ (heat) water to 100°C, it ________ (boil). 2. If they ________ (climb) up to 4,000 meters, they ________ (need) oxygen. 3. Unless you ________ (stop) spending, you ________ (be) completely broke before the end of the month. B. Work with a partner. Say what happens, will happen, or might happen in the following situations. 1. If children see a lot of toy commercials on TV,. 2. If there is a sale at my favorite store,. 3. If I leave my wallet or cell phone at home,. 4. If you get top marks at school,. 5. If I see an advertisement on TV,. 6. Your idea:. C. Work with a partner. Ask and answer. Would you rather buy clothes online or at the mall? Why? 78 @saudienglish MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 78 30/4/24 3:05 AM  6 The Gender Divide  www.ien.edu.sa 1 Listen and Discuss 1. In what ways do you think men and women behave differently? 2. In what ways do you think their behavior is similar? 3. Do you think there are more similarities or differences? Do you think you know a lot about men and women? Answer True or False for these statements. Then check your answers with the results of gender studies. 1. Women talk more than men. True False 2. Women tend to worry more than men. True False 3. Men are more truthful than women. True False 4. Men are more easily bored than women. True False 5. Women have a greater tolerance for pain. True False 6. Women live longer than men. True False Sandy: I think women talk much more than men. Amal: That’s just a stereotype. Though I do think women talk more than men about certain things. Sandy: Like what? Amal: Women like to talk about their feelings, but men usually don’t. Sandy: Men’d rather talk about sports. Or cars. Amal: Typical! 1. The common stereotype that women talk more than men is wrong. In fact, recent research shows that there is very little gender difference in how much people speak. Some research suggests that men tend to speak more than women in formal settings, and that women speak more in informal situations. One study revealed that women speak an average of about 16,000 words a day, and men do too. 2. Studies show that women worry more frequently than men. This may be due to the fact that women’s brains produce less of a brain chemical called COMT, which controls anxiety. Having less of this chemical can make it harder for a person to stop worrying. 3. Women lie frequently, and men do too. However, research shows that women and men tend to lie about different things. Women are more likely to lie in order to try to not hurt a person’s feelings. They are also more likely to lie to try to avoid a conflict. However, you are more likely to be told a lie by a man for a different reason. Men more often lie in order to make themselves seem more impressive. 4. Studies show that men have more restless temperaments than women. For example, women seem to have a capacity to adjust to repetitive tasks, but men don’t. They dislike being asked to do such tasks and are less likely to successfully complete them. It is speculated that women do better in these situations because they have a greater ability to keep their thoughts and imagination active, even during tedious activities. 82 @saudienglish MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 82 30/4/24 3:05 AM  5. Many people assume that since women have babies, and men don’t, women probably have a greater ability to deal with pain. However, the research seems to indicate that, due to their body chemistry, women actually have lower tolerance for pain. During recovery after surgery, women tend to experience pain with greater frequency and intensity than men do. 6. Women outlive men all around the world, sometimes by an average of as much as 10 years. For example, in the U.S., the average life expectancy is about 79 for women, but only 72 for men. The gap is largest among people who live to be 100 or older. Worldwide among people 100 or older, women outnumber men 9 to 1. Answers: 1. False; 2. True; 3. False; 4. True; 5. False; 6. True Quick Check e Q A. Vocabulary. Complete each sentence with a word from the box. anxiety gender repetitive stereotype temperament capacity intensity restless tedious 1. The __________ that blond-haired people are not smart is ridiculous. 2. We were bored and __________, so we decided to find something to do. 3. That film is very __________. It shows the same place over and over. 4. I always feel overwhelming __________ the night before a test. 5. The __________ of the thunderstorm made the animals nervous. 6. Some people believe that animals have the __________ to feel the same emotions that humans do. 7. Luisa has a lovely __________. She’s always happy and smiling. 8. Finding sources for an essay can be a time-consuming and __________ task. 9. The __________ of an animal often has a specific name; for example, a male horse is a stallion and a female horse is a mare. B. Comprehension. Answer the questions. 1. In what types of settings do women tend to speak more? 2. What causes women to worry more than men? 3. What things do women tend to lie about? What things do men tend to lie about? 4. What might explain women’s ability to deal with repetitive tasks better than men? 5. Which gender has the longer life expectancy? Give an example. 2 Pair Work Work with a partner to think of another common stereotype about people. Decide whether you think the stereotype is true or false. After class, do research to confirm whether your decision was correct. 83 @saudienglish MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 83 30/4/24 3:05 AM  6 The Gender Divide  3 www.ien.edu.sa Grammar Verbs + Infinitives or Gerunds with Different Meanings Some verbs can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive, but the verb + gerund and the verb + infinitive have different meanings. These verbs are remember, forget, regret, stop, and try. He always remembers to send his grandparents a gift on special holidays. (remember + infinitive = remember to do a task) He remembers sending gifts last year. (remember + gerund = remember having done something in the past) She sometimes forgets to call. (forget + infinitive = not remember to do a task) She sometimes forgets calling. (forget + gerund = not remember having done something in the past) I regret to tell you that I have a secret. (regret + infinitive = wish it were not necessary to do something) I regret telling you my secret. (regret + gerund = wish it were possible to undo something done in the past) We stopped to watch the sunset. (stop + infinitive = stop doing something in order to do something else) We stopped watching the sunset. (stop + gerund = stop doing something) I tried to reach them, but they didn’t answer the phone. (try + infinitive = make an attempt to do something) I tried reaching them by email. (try + gerund = try a specific method to reach a goal) Passive Forms of Infinitives and Gerunds The passive form of an infinitive is: to + be + past participle. Everybody wants to be respected by somebody. The passive form of a gerund is being + past participle. Being asked to settle an argument can be awkward. Auxiliary Verbs after But and And When an addition is made to a statement with but or and, often the main verb is not repeated. Instead, it is replaced with an auxiliary verb. but + subject + auxiliary My sister isn’t good at remembering special occasions, but my mother is. John doesn’t get frustrated easily, but Sam does. and + subject + auxiliary + too (for positive sentences) or either (for negative sentences) He enjoys outdoor activities, and his son does too. We don’t like going for walks in this heat, and he doesn’t either. A. Circle the correct form in each sentence. 1. Did you remember (to shut / shutting) the window before it started raining? 2. He stopped (to play / playing) football after he hurt his knee. 3. If you haven’t been able to get an answer from the boss on the phone, maybe you should try (to send / sending) him an email. 4. He’ll never forget (to score / scoring) that goal in the last minutes of the game. 5. Don’t forget (to email / emailing) me the photos. 6. We regret (to inform / informing) you that your application has been declined. 84 @saudienglish MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 84 30/4/24 3:05 AM  B. Answer the questions about yourself. What is something you once did that you have stopped doing? I have stopped biting my nails when I’m nervous. 1. What is something you remember doing often when you were a child? 2. What is something you forgot to do recently? 3. What is something you tried to do, but were not able to do? 4. What is something you will never forget doing? 5. What is something you try to remember to do each day? 6. What is something you regret doing? C. Rewrite each sentence as a passive sentence. The job candidate didn’t expect the human resource manager to criticize him so harshly. The job candidate didn’t expect to be criticized so harshly. 1. You need to take out the trash. 2. He expects the manager to promote him soon. 3. I remember my father reading to me when I was a child. 4. He waited for his boss to invite him to sit down. 5. The mechanic needs to repair the car. 6. Many celebrities enjoy having photographers take their picture. D. Complete each sentence with names of classmates and the appropriate auxiliary verb. When appropriate, use too or either after the auxiliary verb. Don often volunteers in class, and Alex does too. 1. __________ lives close to school, but. 2. __________ was in school yesterday, and ________________________________________. 3. __________ is wearing blue today, but __________________________________________. 4. __________ never comes to class late, and _______________________________________. E. Read about Abdullah and Faris. Then describe the similarities and differences between Abdullah and Faris, using auxiliary verbs after but or and. Faris plays football, and Abdullah does too. FARIS Likes: comedy shows, Indian food, football, relaxing on the beach Dislikes: coffee, video games, waking up early, hiking ABDULLAH Likes: game shows, Indian food, football, waking up early, hiking, video games Dislikes: coffee, the beach, comedy shows 85 @saudienglish MG_03_COMBO_TEXT_2024.indb 85 30/4/24 3:05 AM