Unit 1 Foundations for Drug Therapy in Nursing PDF

Unit 1 Foundations for drug therapy in nursing ZI/WA 1  Objectives Utilize nursing process in managing the care of a patient receiving drug therapy. Describe other concepts used in pharmacology such as sources...

Unit 1 Foundations for drug therapy in nursing ZI/WA 1  Objectives Utilize nursing process in managing the care of a patient receiving drug therapy. Describe other concepts used in pharmacology such as sources of drugs, drug nomenclature, drug classifications and sources of drug information. 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 2 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 3  Objective Utilize nursing process in managing the care of a patient receiving drug therapy. 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 4 Nursing Management of Drug Therapy What are the nursing process?? “Process of planning and implementing actions that will maximize the therapeutic effects and minimize the adverse effects of a drug” 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 5 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 6 Managing drug therapy through NCP Assessment: patient interview physical assessment medical record Nursing diagnosis NANDA Planning: Maximise the effect Minimise the harm Intervention: Evaluation 7  Pharmaceuticals: Development, Safeguards & Delivery 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 8  Objective Describe other concepts used in pharmacology such as sources of drugs, drug nomenclature, drug classifications and sources of drug information. 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 9  Sources of Drugs Discuss sources that are used by pharmaceutical companies to produce drugs? 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 10  Sources of Drugs 1. Plants: e.g digitalis (purple fox-glove), morphine (opium poppy), and vincristine (periwin-kle) 2. Animals: e.g. some vitamins, antibiotics, and biologic agents (such as vaccines and immune serums) 3. Synthetic Chemicals: e.g. Penicillin V 4. Genetically Engineered Chemicals: e.g. substrates of the P-450 enzyme system, management of cancer and HIV-positive patients 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 11  Drug Nomenclature All drugs are known by at least three names: 1. Chemical name 2. Generic name 3. Trade name 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 12 1. Chemical name: “drug’s atomic and molecular structure, using exact chemical nomenclature (language) and terminology” Complicated and mostly used by chemists and biochemists 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 13 2. Generic name (non proprietary): “identifies the drug’s active ingredient” Less complicated than chemical More complicated than trade name 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 14 3. Trade name (proprietary or brand) “given to a drug by its manufacturer” Easy to say and remember Protected by trademark symbol™ or ® means registered by manufacturer 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 15 Take Home Exercise Look for any medications and try to find chemical, generic and trade name and compare difference 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 16 Nursing Implications Discuss the significance of Drug Nomenclature for nurses in practice? “to avoid confusion between brand names that look and sound alike” E.g. Serzone (nefazodone) for depression and Seroquel (quetiapine) for schizophrenia 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 17  Drug Classification (Families) Classification: 1. Chemical composition: “chemical base” e.g. Morphine Sulfate chemical base of opium opiate (classification) 2. Physiologic classification: “its effects on body systems” e.g. Morphine Sulfate central nervous system depressant (classification) 3. Therapeutic classification: “its use in therapy” e.g. Morphine Sulfate opioid narcotic analgesic 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 18 19 20  Medication Error Index “Assist health care professionals in evaluating the extent of harm caused by an error” Figure is in Page. 22 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 21  Legislation Regarding Controlled Substances 1. Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) for controlled drugs e.g. morphine sulfate 2. Schedule 1-5 (Table 2.2) - page 24 3. Nursing management: Automated system (Track narcotics use) Log sheet – must document: Date and time of administration Drug name and dose Patient’s name Prescriber’s name Administering nurse’s name 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 22 23 24 25 Take Home Exercise 1. Discuss legislation regarding controlled substances in Oman? 2. Email the answer before next Thursday 9/9/2019 ZI/WA 26