Nursing Process and Drug Nomenclature

Nursing Process

• The nursing process allows nurses to plan and implement actions that will maximize the therapeutic effects of drugs and minimize adverse effects
• The process involves assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, intervention, and evaluation

Drug Sources

• Drugs are sourced from plants, animals, synthetic chemicals, and genetically engineered chemicals
• Examples of plant-sourced drugs include digitalis, morphine, and vincristine
• An example of an animal-sourced drug is insulin

Drug Nomenclature

• Drugs have chemical names, generic names, and trade names
• The chemical name describes the drug's atomic and molecular structure. It is complex and mainly used by chemists and biochemists
• The generic name, also known as the non-proprietary name identifies the drug's active ingredient and is less complex than the chemical name
• The trade name is given to the drug by the manufacturer. It is easy to remember and pronounce and is protected by trademark
• Nurses should be familiar with the generic names of medications to avoid confusion between brand names that sound or look similar. For example, Serzone (nefazodone) treats depression while Seroquel (quetiapine) treats Schizophrenia.

Drug Classification

• Drugs can be classified based on their chemical composition, physiologic effects, and therapeutic use
• Morphine Sulfate is a chemical base with a classification of an opiate, a central nervous system depressant, and an opioid narcotic analgesic.

Controlled Substances

• The Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) regulates controlled drugs
• Controlled drugs are classified into Schedules 1-5 based on their potential for abuse
• Proper documentation of administration is needed to demonstrate accountability for the drug's safe use

Medication Error Index

• Helps healthcare providers assess the extent of harm caused by a medication error.