Biology 115 Learning Objectives - Fall 2024 - Exam III PDF

BIOLOGY 115 LEARNING OBJECTIVES - FALL 2024 Topics for EXAM III =============================================================== Additions will be indicated by red font. Deletions will be indicated by ~~strikethrough~~ font. TOPICS: Cell cycle, Mitosis, Meiosis (Ch. 12 and 13, a little bit in Ch. 1...

BIOLOGY 115 LEARNING OBJECTIVES - FALL 2024 Topics for EXAM III =============================================================== Additions will be indicated by red font. Deletions will be indicated by ~~strikethrough~~ font. TOPICS: Cell cycle, Mitosis, Meiosis (Ch. 12 and 13, a little bit in Ch. 15) You should be able to: 1. describe the role of mitosis and cytokinesis in the life cycle of multicellular and unicellular organisms. 2. define and describe the stages of the eukaryotic cell cycle. 3. define and describe the stages of mitosis in terms of changes in and the movements of the chromosomes (including the role of microtubules) during mitosis. 4. understand the terms: centromere, centrosome, centriole, chromosome, homologous chromosomes, chromatids kinetochores, genes, and alleles. 5. emphasizing the chromosomes, define and describe the stages of meiosis 6. describe the function meiosis in the life cycle of a multicellular organism. 7. define the following terms: haploid, diploid, 1N, 2N, fertilization, zygote 8. describe how mitosis and meiosis differ and how they are similar 9. contrast autosome and sex chromosome 10. define and discuss different types of chromosomal mutations (include the causes of nondisjunction), discuss impacts and disorders resulting from chromosomal mutations as presented in lecture 11. for reading assignment pg. 244-248 (note you will have a specific MB assignment for this section): a. read the text and make sure you understand what is happening in Figs. 12.14-19. b. be familiar with concepts associated with: checkpoint, G0, protein kinases, cylcins, Cdks, MPF c. understand how /why cyclin concentrations vary, how cyclins influence Cdks (especially MPF), d. discuss how external factors influence cell division e. understand how loss of cell cycle control is related to cancer f. be familiar with transformation, types of tumors, metastasis, and cancer treatments g. be able to answer questions similar to "Concept Check 12.3" 12. answer general questions regarding your other independent readings and solve problems similar to those in your MB web assignment ­­­­ TOPIC: Mendelian Genetics (Ch. 14 and some in Ch. 15) You should be able to: 1. discuss the theories of inheritance offered prior to and during Mendel's lifetime. 2. describe Mendel's basic research, his experiments, and how his work differed from that of his contemporaries. 3. give modern explanations for the Mendels observations 4. define and use the following terms: Parental (P), F1, F2, gamete, dominant, recessive, hybrid, gene, allele, homozygous, heterozygous, phenotype, genotype, 5. work simple genetics problems and pedigrees illustrating: monohybrid crosses, a test cross, incomplete dominance, co-dominance, sex linkage 6. discuss recessive genetic disorders (lecture and reading) and dominant genetic disorders (reading). 7. relate the idea of a mutation to the presence of alleles. 8. answer general questions regarding your independent readings (Concepts 14.3, 14.4, 15.2) and a. understand /give examples of pleiotropy, epistasis, polygenic inheritance b. understand how the environment can influence phenotypes c. review dominantly inherited disorders d. understand the types and uses of genetic testing e. be able to answer questions similar to "Concept Check 14.4" f. understand human sex-linage and know examples of sex-linked disorders 9. solve problems similar to those in your lab handout and MB web assignment. TOPIC: Molecular Genetics (Ch.16) You should be able to: 1. describe the contributions of individuals covered in lecture and from your assigned reading to our understanding of genetics. 2. describe the basic structure of a nucleotide, how RNA and DNA nucleotides differ, and how nucleotides are bonded together to form RNA and DNA. 3. define and use the following terms correctly: template, complementary, antiparallel, 5' and 3' 4. explain what is meant by semiconservative replication of DNA 5. explain the process of DNA replication, including the functions of: DNA polymerase I and III, primase, helicase, ligase and single-stranded binding proteins. 6. describe the following: bi-directional synthesis, replication origin, replication fork, lagging strand, leading strand, Okazaki Fragment 7. describe what is meant by the error rate of replication and proofreading. 8. explain the types and roles of mutagens in increasing the errors in DNA. 9. answer general questions regarding your independent readings (pgs. 315-317, 328-329) a. know the contributions/experiments of the following individuals: Griffith, Hershey and Chase b. understand fig. 16.2, 16.4 c. replicating the ends of DNA molecules 10. solve problems similar to those in the Scientific Skills Exercise pg. 318 11. solve problems similar to those in your MB web assignment.