NUR 212 Unit 2 Review Questions PDF

NUR 212 UNIT 2 QUESTIONS Bones play an important role in the body. Which of the following in NOT a function performed by the bones? A. Provide protection and support for the organs. B. Give the body shape. C. Secrete the hormone calcitonin and store blood cells. D. Store calcium and phosphorus....

NUR 212 UNIT 2 QUESTIONS Bones play an important role in the body. Which of the following in NOT a function performed by the bones? A. Provide protection and support for the organs. B. Give the body shape. C. Secrete the hormone calcitonin and store blood cells. D. Store calcium and phosphorus. A nurse is educating an older adult about their osteoporosis. Which of the following statements indicates a need for further teaching? a. I should increase my Calcium and Vit D intake b. A daily walk will be beneficial to help strengthen my bones c. I can stop taking my supplements when I feel better d. I need to prepare my home to prevent A nurse is completing a follow up assessment on a child suspected of scoliosis after a positive Adam's forward bend test. What should be the nurse's priority action during the follow up assessment to determine the child's diagnosis: A. Measure the Cobb angle to assess for any increase in curvature B. Reassess the patient's height and weight for growth patterns C. Instruct the patient to begin physical therapy exercises to correct the curvature D. Educate the client and the family on the need for surgical intervention A nurse is caring for a 12 year old child who has ben diagnosed with osteomyelitis in the left femur. Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate incorporating into the child’s care? (SATA) a. Encourage patient to elevate limb to reduce swelling b. Administer prescribed antibiotics as scheduled c. Apply warm compresses to the affected area to relieve pain d. Check temperature regularly to detect fever e. Encourage weightbearing on affected leg Which of the following are risk factors for secondary osteoporosis? (SATA) A) chronic alcohol use. B) Having type 2 diabetes with poor glycemic control C) Post-menopausal woman D) Patient who recently had cast removed off of right arm after 8 weeks Patient needs further teaching about the medication Alendronate for Osteoporosis when they state: 1)”I have a history of kidney stones” 2) “I can’t take that, I’m allergic to salmon” 3) “I don’t have a dentist” 4)”I’ll be sure to take this first thing in the morning with a glass of water” Which of the following are symptoms of acute osteomyelitis, select all that apply 1)Temp of 103 2)Ulcerations of the foot 3)Pulsating pain that worsens with movement 4) Sinus tract formation 5)Pruritus 6)Piloerection Arrange the steps of bone remodeling in the correct order Resorption Formation Reversal Resting Mineralization The nurse is teaching a client about what increases their risk for osteomalacia. Which statement by the client indicates the teaching about osteomalacia has been effective? a. “Foods high in calcium are the best for me to include in my diet to decrease my risk.” b. “I am so glad my Crohn’s disease does not impact my risk of developing osteomalacia.” c. “I should plan some outdoor activities during the day to participate in so I increase my Vitamin D.” d. “Since I have a darker skin tone, I have a lower risk of developing osteomalacia.” A nurse working on the orthopedic unit gets report on four different patients. She realizes that which patient is at the highest risk for osteomalacia? a. A 69yr old female who had a hip replacement surgery yesterday. b. A 38yr old female who had surgery after sustaining an open fracture two days ago after a fall while hiking through a National park. c. An 18yr old male who’s shoulder became dislocated during their football game. d. An 80yr old male admitted an hour ago with severe leg pain after he fell in the shower. A client presents to the Ortho clinic and is worried that she will never be able to walk without pain due to bunions, and wants to schedule surgery to remove the condition. What is the nurses best response? A. Have you considered any alternative TX options that could help assist you with your pain with ambulation? B. You need to push through the pain because there are plenty of bad foot issues that are far worse C. Have you been wearing ill fitting shoes for a long period of time? D. Surgery will lead to many complications so you should definitely not get surgery unless you have to An older adult patient is diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which of the following lifestyle modifications should the nurse include in the teaching plan to help manage the patient’s condition? A. Encourage high-impact exercises such as running and jumping to strengthen bones. B. Recommend a diet low in calcium and high in protein. C. Suggest smoking cessation and limiting alcohol intake. D. Advise prolonged bed rest to prevent fractures. Who is most at risk for osteoporosis? A. A 72-year-old male on prednisone for 8 months B. A 50-year-old women who is a vegetarian C. A 33-year-old women who drinks 4 large cups of coffee day D. A 68-year-old women who just started a vegan diet a week ago Nurse Tricia is caring for a patient with osteoporosis who has started taking alendronate (Fosamax). What should Tricia include when educating the patient about this medication? A. Take the medication with food to minimize gastrointestinal upset. B. Take the medication first thing in the morning with a full glass of water. C. Take the medication right before bed with a small snack. D. Take the medication along with calcium supplements for maximum effectiveness. A 45 year old woman who is a 2nd grade teacher presents with wrist pain and paresthesia in her fingers and noticeable loss of grip strength. Her symptoms worsen at night and radiate up her arm. Swelling and color changes are present. What condition might this patient be experiencing? A.) Carpal Tunnel B.) Secondary osteoporosis C.) Osteomyelitis D.) Rheumatoid arthritis What is the priority teaching point for a diabetic patient with a foot ulcer about the cause for their BKA? A. Your blood sugar was too high B. You didn’t check your feet often enough C. Talk to your HCP about why you’re having an amputation D. Osteomyelitis and poor perfusion can be contributing factors A patient is being pre-screened for an amputation using the Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) The patient's right-brachial systolic BP is 155 and the right-ankle systolic is 75. How does the nurse interpret this finding? A) Normal B) Severe arterial disease C) Calcification/Vessel hardening D) Acceptable Which statement by the patient indicates the need for further teaching? A. I can still attend my pilates class B. I should get out in the sun every day C. I can still continue my gardening D. I should eat a diet with plenty of Vitamin C & Your patient has an upcoming DEXA scan scheduled. What medication class is important for them to avoid prior? A. Beta Blocker B. Biophosphonates C. Calcium D. Raloxifene Nurse Olivia is caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with osteomalacia. What are the expected findings for this patient? Select all that apply A. Calcium less than 8.5 mg/dL B. Calcium greater than 10.5 mg/dL C. Decreased bone mass D. Phosphate less than 1.0 mg/dL E. Phosphate greater than 4.5 mg/dL The nurse is providing education on avoidance of flexion contractures following a BKA. Which interventions require further education? SATA A. Lay prone B. Use of a soft mattress C. Avoid splinting with movement D. Placing a pillow under knees while in bed E. Completing ROM exercises F. Use of a weight on stump A 10-year-old patient is admitted with a diagnosis of acute osteomyelitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement first? A. Administer prescribed intravenous antibiotics. B. Educate the family about the importance of completing the antibiotic course. C. Obtain a blood sample for culture and sensitivity. D. Apply warm compresses to the affected area to reduce pain. A patient with DM is at risk for lower extremity amputation. What is the primary reason for this increased risk? a. Poor circulation b. decreased sensation C. high blood sugar levels D. increased risk for infection An 82-year-old woman came to the ED with lower back pain after a long day of gardening. She has osteoporosis and has a dowager’s hump. She states that her pain is 8/10. What is the nurse’s priority action? A. Administer pain medication B. Schedule an X-Ray C. Tell her that she shouldn’t have been gardening since she has osteoporosis D. Teach her exercises and stretches to help with back pain Patient has a systolic posterior tibial pressure of 106 and a pedal pressure of 110. Their systolic pressure on the antecubital is 124. What would be their expected ABI value and what would it indicate? A.0.89; severe arterial disease - refer to vascular specialist B.0.4; severe arterial disease – refer to vascular specialist C.0.94; normal D.0.89; some arterial disease – treat underlying factors A patient who had a BKA 2 days ago is complaining of burning pain in the amputated limb, what is the most appropriate intervention? a. Provide pain management b. Tell them it’s in their head c. Reposition the patient d. Do surgery to do an AKA 2. What's a distinction Duchenne between Becker's muscular dystrophy? A. X linked disorder B. Dx onset 2-6 yrs old C. Gower's sign D. Pseudohypertrophy A nurse is teaching a group of parents about monitoring their child’s scoliosis. Which statement should the nurse emphasize as an important sign to report to a healthcare provider? A) The child experiences occasional back pain. B) The child has uneven shoulders or hips. C) The child prefers to sit in a slouched position. D) The child complains of fatigue after physical activity. 3. A patient who has undergone an above-the-knee amputation is experiencing phantom limb pain. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention for this patient? A) Administering a high dose of opioids for pain management. B) Providing reassurance that phantom pain is normal and will resolve over time. C) Encouraging the use of a mirror therapy to help manage the pain. D) Suggesting the patient ignore the pain sensations as much as possible. 1. The nurse is providing t he patient with the correct use of Biphosphonate for osteoporosis. Whic h statement by the patient indicates the need for further teaching? A.) “I can take this medication with full glass of water 30 minutes before meal.” B.) “ I should take this medication with a full meal to avoid stomach irritation.” C.) I should walk around after taking this medication.” D.) “ I will see my dentist regularly while on this medication.” 2. During a school health screening, the nurse is evaluating a group of students for scoliosis. Which assessment technique is most appropriate for identifying potential scoliosis? A) Inspecting the spine while the child is standing straight. B) Observing the child's gait while walking. C) Having the child bend forward while the nurse examines the spine. D) Measuring the child’s height and weight. A 65-year-old female presents with a low back pain and has been taking anticonvulsant for many years. She states she has recently gotten shorter since her last check up. What diagnostic test does the nurse anticipate the doctor to order to assess for osteoporosis? A.) Xray B.) pQUS C.) cDXA D.) MRI What medication might be used to relieve compression for carpal tunnel syndrome? A. Diuretics B. Beta blockers C. Corticosteroids D. Analgesics The Jewish client with peripheral vascular disease is scheduled for a left AKA. Which question is most important for the operating room nurse to ask the client? A. "Have you made any special arrangements for your amputated limb?” B. "What types of food would you like to eat while you're in the hospital?” C. "Would you like a rabbi to visit you while you are in the recovery room?” D. "Will you start checking your other foot at least once a day for cuts?" A patient comes to the ED with Acute Osteomyelitis, which of the assessment findings support the diagnosis? SATA A. Temp of 101.2F B. Ulcerations of the skin C. Redness and heat at the site D. Drainage from the wound E. Pulsating pain that intensifies with movement A nurse is preparing educational material for a senior center on aging bones. She knows to include all of the following EXCEPT: A. Decreased Bone mass and minerals B. Increased calcium resorption C. People get shorter as a result of vertebral shortening D. Bone spurs occur because cartilage in joints deteriorates A patient is sent down for a DEXA scan. The nurse reviews the results and finds the patients score to be -1.5. The nurse interprets this to mean? A. The patient is diagnosed with osteoporosis. B. The patient is within the normal standard deviation and is therefore considered to not have osteopenia/osteoporosis. C. The nurse does not have enough information to interpret these results. D. The patient has low bone mass also known as osteopenia. A nurse is educating a patient is starting Raloxifene. The RN knows teaching has been successful when the patient makes which statement? A. This med increases the risk of noninvasive or estrogen receptor–negative breast cancers. B. Hot flashes should not happen since I am past menopause. C. If I begin to feel pain, warmth, or swelling in either of my legs, I should call my HCP right away. D. I can stop taking this medication once my bone density improves. When working with a patient whose job involves many hours of word processing, the nurse will teach the patient about which intervention? a. do stretch and warm-up exercises daily before starting work. b. wrap the wrists with a compression bandage every morning. c. use acetaminophen (Tylenol) instead of NSAIDs for wrist pain. d. obtain a keyboard pad to support the wrist while word processing. The nurse should tell the parents of a child with Duchenne muscular dystrophy that some of the progressive complications include which of the following? Select all that apply. A. Dry skin and hair, hirsutism, and protruding tongue. B. Anorexia, gingival hyperplasia, dry skin and hair. C. Contractures, obesity, and pulmonary infections. D. Trembling, frequent loss of consciousness, and slurred speech. E. Increasing difficulty swallowing and shallow breathing. Jennifer presents with pulsating pain in her left leg that worsens when ambulating, she has a red pus filled lesion on her leg. What is the priority nursing action? A.) start IV antibiotics STAT B.) prepare for amputation C.) irrigate the wound with normal saline D.) collect blood/wound cultures The nurse knows that teaching was successful when a parent states which of the following are early signs of muscular dystrophy? a. Increased muscle strength. b. Difficulty climbing stairs. c. High fevers and tiredness. d. Respiratory infections and obesity The nurse instructs the client with a right BKA to lie on the stomach for at least 30 minutes a day. The client asks the nurse, "Why do I need to lie on my stomach?" Which statement is the most appropriate statement by the nurse? A. "This position will help your lungs expand better." B. "Lying on your stomach will help prevent contractures." C. "Many times this will help decrease pain in the limb." D. "The position will take pressure off your backside." The PACU nurse is caring for a client who is immediate postop left BKA. Which intervention should the nurse implement? A. Assess the client's surgical dressing every two (2) hours. B. Do not allow the client to see the residual limb. C. Keep a large tourniquet at the client's bedside. D. Perform passive range-of-motion exercises to the right leg. A patient with osteomyelitis is being treated with PMMA beads; which explanation is most accurate when describing this treatment process to the patient? A. Wear these beads around your neck for 3 hours to help with pain. B. These beads are impregnated with Antibiotics. They will be placed directly next to the infected bone, and will dissolve on their own within 6 weeks. C. These beads are impregnated with Antibiotics. They will be placed directly next to the infected bone, and you will have to return in 2 weeks to have them removed. D. These beads are for pain, wait until Tylenol is no longer working to take this opioid. Place the following in order. a. Wrap body part in sterile gauze, or clean cloth b. Seal body part in tight bag c. Place sealed body part on ice water d. Wash body part with water Which of the following would be included in patient education regarding stump/prosthetic care? SATA. a. Vigorously rub stump b. Wash daily with mild soap and water c. Apply lotions and creams when skin is dry d. Inspect stump every day e. Rewrap dressing once a day Which clinical manifestation may be assessed in a patient who has a suspected osteomyelitis infection? A. Chronic joint pain and stiffness B. Deformity of limb or lost of function C. Fatigue or generalized weakness D. Localized bone pain and swelling A client w/osteomyelitis undergoes surgical debridement w/implantation of antibiotic beads. When the pt. asks why the beads are used, the nurse answers: (select all that apply) a. "oral or IV antibiotics are not effective in most cases of bone infection." b. "the beads are an adjunct to debridement and antibiotics for deep infections." c. "the beads are used to deliver antibiotics directly to the site of the infection." d. "this is the safest method to deliver long-term antibiotic therapy for bone infection." e. "ischemia and bone death r/t osteomyelitis are impenetrable to IV antibiotics." A patient presents with a ganglion cyst on the wrist. Which of the following patient statements indicates a need for further teaching? a. "This cyst can disappear on its own." b. "If I pop it, it won’t come back." c. "The cyst might not cause pain, but it's bothersome." d. "It can be aspirated if it grows." When discussing morning medications with the patient, the nurse knows further education is needed when the patient makes the following statement A) I will be sure to drink at least 6 glasses of water per day while taking my calcium supplement B) While taking Vtiamin D, I will notify my PCP if I have any bone pain, lethargy, or N/V C) I will be sure to eat a full meal before taking my Alendronate D) I take Vitamin D to help with calcium absorption Janet has recently been diagnosed with osteoporosis and being prescribed Alendronate, select all appropriate education the nurse should include prior to discharge? A.) I will take my calcium and vit D supplements B.) These medications will be most effective after taking for two years C.) I will have to be on this medication for the rest of my life D.) I should take this with a full glass of water on empty stomach E.) I should report any jaw pain A pt. who has had surgical correction of bilateral hallux valgus is being discharged from the same-day surgery unit. The nurse will instruct the pt. to: a. expect continued pain in the feet b. rest frequently w/the feet elevated c. soak the feet in warm water several times a day d. expect the feet to be numb for the next few days The bone cells that function in the resorption of bone tissue are called: a. osteoids b. osteocytes c. osteoclasts d. osteoblasts The nurse is teaching a client about bisphosphonates prescribed for osteoporosis. Which of the following instructions is essential to prevent complications? a. "Take the medication with a full glass of water." b. "Lie down after taking the medication to avoid dizziness" c. "Take the medication with meals and other medications" d. "You only need a dental checkup if you are experiencing jaw pain." A nurse performs an Ankle-Brachial Index diagnostic on a patient. The left upper extremity systolic pressure is 90 mmHg, the right upper systolic pressure is 85 mmHg. The left lower extremity pulses are RLE (DP) 125 mmHg, RLE (PT) 120, LLE (PT) 140, and LLE (DP) 130 mmHg. Which value is a value for the Right ABI? (options from dropdown box) 1) 1.39 2) 1.55 3) 0.72 4) 0.68 What does this value indicate? 1) acceptable (but needs further testing/follow up) 2) Normal 3) Moderate arterial disease 4)Severe Arterial Disease Scoliosis most commonly affects which population? a. Middle-aged men with a history of back problems b. Adolescent females c. Infants born prematurely d. Older adults with repeated falls If progressive scoliosis is untreated it can lead to which of following complication(s)? Select all that apply a) Heart and lung complications b) Nausea/Vomiting c) Back pain and fatigue d) Death e) Disability Your patient is scheduled for a DEXA scan this morning. The patient is having heartburn and requests a PRN medication to help with relief. Which medications can the patient NOT have at this time? A. Calcium Carbonate B. Bismuth Salicylate C. Milk of Magnesia d. Famotidine