NUR 144 Drug Cards PDF

NUR 144 Support Drug Cards Lasman Created with assistance of AI  Amoxicillin (Trade Name: Amoxil) Classification: Antibiotic, Penicillin Indications: Treatment of bacterial infections, including respiratory, ear, skin, and urinary tract infections. Action: Inhi...

NUR 144 Support Drug Cards Lasman Created with assistance of AI  Amoxicillin (Trade Name: Amoxil) Classification: Antibiotic, Penicillin Indications: Treatment of bacterial infections, including respiratory, ear, skin, and urinary tract infections. Action: Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to cell death. Route: Oral, IV Dosage: Varies depending on the infection and age of the patient. Nursing Considerations: Assess for allergies to penicillin or cephalosporins. Monitor for signs of allergic reactions, such as rash, itching, or swelling. Administer with or without food, but consistently to maintain therapeutic levels. Advise the patient to complete the full course of antibiotics, even if symptoms improve. Monitor for oral thrush, diarrhea, N/V  Chlordiazepoxide (Trade Name: Librium) Classification: Benzodiazepine, Anxiolytic, Sedative-Hypnotic Indications: Management of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal symptoms, and preoperative anxiety. Action: Enhances the effects of GABA, leading to CNS depression. Route: Oral Dosage: Individualized based on patient needs. Nursing Considerations: Assess for hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines. Monitor vital signs, especially respiratory rate, as it can cause respiratory depression. Educate patients about the risk of dependence and withdrawal symptoms. Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants while taking this medication. Advise against abrupt discontinuation; taper dosage if necessary.  Cholestyramine Resin (Trade Name: Questran) Classification: Bile Acid Sequestrant Indications: Used to lower elevated cholesterol levels and relieve itching caused by partial biliary obstruction. Action: Binds to bile acids in the intestine, preventing their reabsorption and promoting excretion in feces. Route: Oral Dosage: Typically taken as a powder mixed with water or other liquids. Nursing Considerations: Assess for allergies to cholestyramine. Administer other medications 1 hour before or 4-6 hours after cholestyramine Encourage adequate fluid intake to prevent constipation. Monitor lipid levels to assess the effectiveness of treatment. Educate the patient about dietary changes and the importance of adhering to the prescribed regimen.  Cimetidine (Trade Name: Tagamet) Classification: Histamine H2 Receptor Antagonist Indications: Treatment of ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Action: Blocks H2 receptors in the stomach, reducing gastric acid secretion. Route: Oral, IV Dosage: Varies depending on the condition. Nursing Considerations: Assess for hypersensitivity to cimetidine. Monitor for signs of reduced gastric acid secretion, such as relief from heartburn or ulcer symptoms. Educate patients to take the medication with meals or at bedtime. Be aware of potential drug interactions, especially with medications metabolized by the liver. Monitor for adverse effects such as confusion, hallucinations, or arrhythmias.  Clarithromycin (Trade Name: Biaxin) Classification: Antibiotic, Macrolide Indications: Treatment of bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and Helicobacter pylori eradication in combination with other drugs. Action: Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit. Route: Oral, IV Dosage: Depends on the type and severity of the infection. Nursing Considerations: Assess for allergies to macrolide antibiotics. Monitor for signs of infection improvement in symptoms. Educate patients about the importance of completing the full course of antibiotics, even if they feel better. Be aware of potential drug interactions, particularly with other drugs metabolized by the liver. Monitor for gastrointestinal side effects, such as diarrhea, N/V or abdominal pain.  Disulfiram (Trade Name: Antabuse) Classification: Alcohol Deterrent Indications: Used as an adjunct to psychotherapy in the management of chronic alcoholism by producing an unpleasant reaction if alcohol is ingested. Action: Inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase, leading to the accumulation of acetaldehyde when alcohol is consumed. This results in unpleasant symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and palpitations. Route: Oral Dosage: Typically, a daily dose is prescribed. Nursing Considerations: Assess for hypersensitivity to disulfiram. Ensure that the patient understands the potential consequences of consuming alcohol while taking disulfiram. Monitor for signs of alcohol consumption Educate the patient about the importance of avoiding all forms of alcohol, including mouthwash and certain medications. Be alert to potential drug interactions that may affect disulfiram's metabolism or effectiveness.  Esomeprazole (Trade Name: Nexium) Classification: Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) Indications: Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcers, and prevention of NSAID-induced ulcers. Action: Reduces gastric acid secretion by inhibiting the proton pump in the stomach's parietal cells. Route: Oral, IV Dosage: Varies depending on the condition and formulation. Nursing Considerations: Assess for allergies to PPIs. Administer before meals for optimal effectiveness. Monitor for symptom improvement, such as relief from heartburn or ulcer symptoms. Educate patients about the importance of completing the full course of treatment. Be aware of potential drug interactions, especially with medications that require an acidic environment for absorption.  Famotidine (Trade Name: Pepcid) Classification: Histamine H2 Receptor Antagonist Indications: Treatment and prevention of ulcers, GERD, heartburn, and pathological hypersecretory conditions. Action: Blocks histamine receptors in the stomach, reducing gastric acid secretion. Route: Oral, IV Dosage: Varies depending on the condition. Nursing Considerations: Assess for allergies to famotidine or other H2 receptor antagonists. Administer with or without food, as directed by the healthcare provider. Monitor for symptom relief and healing of ulcers. Educate patients about potential drug interactions and the importance of taking the medication as prescribed. Be alert to potential adverse effects, such as confusion or arrhythmias.  Lactulose (Trade Name: Generlac) Classification: Osmotic Laxative Indications: Treatment of constipation, hepatic encephalopathy in liver disease, and to reduce blood ammonia levels. Action: Draws water into the colon, softening stool and promoting bowel movements. In hepatic encephalopathy, it traps ammonia in the colon for excretion. Route: Oral Dosage: Individualized based on patient needs. Nursing Considerations: Assess for allergies to lactulose. Monitor bowel movements for frequency and consistency. In hepatic encephalopathy, monitor for signs of improved mental status and reduced ammonia levels. Educate patients about the importance of adequate fluid intake to prevent dehydration. Be aware that it may take up to 48 hours to produce a laxative effect; dosage adjustments may be needed.  Lansoprazole (Trade Name: Prevacid) Classification: Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) Indications: Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcers, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and prevention of NSAID- induced ulcers. Action: Reduces gastric acid secretion by inhibiting the proton pump in the stomach's parietal cells. Route: Oral, IV Dosage: Varies depending on the condition and formulation. Nursing Considerations: Assess for allergies to PPIs. Administer before meals for optimal effectiveness. Monitor for symptom improvement, such as relief from heartburn or ulcer symptoms. Educate patients about the importance of completing the full course of treatment. Be aware of potential drug interactions, especially with medications that require an acidic environment for absorption.  Ursodeoxycholic Acid (Trade Name: Actigall) Classification: Bile Acid Indications: Treatment of certain types of gallstones, primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), and cholestatic liver disorders. Action: Decreases cholesterol content in bile and reduces the formation of cholesterol gallstones. Promotes gallstone dissolution. Route: Oral Dosage: Individualized based on patient needs. Nursing Considerations: Assess for allergies to ursodeoxycholic acid. Monitor for gallstone dissolution, which may take several months. Educate patients about the importance of adhering to the prescribed regimen. Monitor liver function and symptoms of disease progression. Be aware of potential drug interactions, particularly with bile acid binders.  Infliximab (Trade Name: Remicade) Classification: Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Blocker, Immunomodulator, Monoclonal antibody Indications: Treatment of autoimmune conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis. Action: Blocks the action of TNF, a cytokine involved in inflammation, to reduce autoimmune responses and inflammation. Route: IV Dosage: Individualized based on the specific condition and patient's response. Nursing Considerations: Assess for allergies to infliximab or other biologic medications. Administer as directed by the healthcare provider, often in a healthcare setting due to the IV route. Monitor for signs of improvement in the autoimmune condition, such as reduced joint pain or inflammation. Educate patients about the importance of regular follow-up appointments and potential risks, including infections and malignancies. Be alert to potential adverse effects and monitor for infusion reactions during administration.  Mesalimine (Trade Name: Asacol, Pentasa, Lialda) Classification: Aminosalicylate, Anti-inflammatory Indications: Treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Action: Reduces inflammation in the colon by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis Route: Oral, rectal (suppositories, enemas) Dosage: Varies depending on the condition, formulation, and severity of the disease. Nursing Considerations: Assess for allergies to mesalimine or related medications. Administer as directed, either orally or rectally, based on the prescribed form. Monitor for symptom improvement, such as reduced abdominal pain, diarrhea, or bloody stools. Educate patients about the importance of adhering to the prescribed regimen. Be alert to potential adverse effects, including gastrointestinal symptoms or allergic reactions. Encourage water intake to prevent formation of kidney stones.  Senna (Trade Name: Senokot, Ex-Lax) Classification: Laxative (Stimulant) Indications: Relief of constipation, preparation for diagnostic procedures, and bowel evacuation post-surgery. Action: Stimulates peristalsis in the colon, leading to bowel movement and alleviation of constipation. Route: Oral (tablets, liquid) Dosage: Individualized based on patient needs and the specific product. Nursing Considerations: Assess for allergies to senna or other laxatives. Administer as directed, usually at bedtime to allow for a bowel movement in the morning. Monitor for the desired laxative effect, such as softening of stools and relief from constipation. Educate patients about the importance of maintaining adequate fluid intake while using senna to prevent dehydration. Be cautious when using senna in patients with certain conditions, such as gastrointestinal obstructions or inflammatory bowel disease, as it may exacerbate these conditions. This medication is OTC.