Unit 0 and 1 Test Review ANSWERS.docx

Unit 0 and 1 Test Review Vocabulary: 1. **teleology**- (study of the evidences of design or purpose in nature) goal or purpose of a religion 2. **cosmology**- origin of life 3. **soteriology**- (doctrine of salvation) the way people/creation are saved 4. **epistemology**- (origin of...

Unit 0 and 1 Test Review Vocabulary: 1. **teleology**- (study of the evidences of design or purpose in nature) goal or purpose of a religion 2. **cosmology**- origin of life 3. **soteriology**- (doctrine of salvation) the way people/creation are saved 4. **epistemology**- (origin of human knowledge) the way you get knowledge; holy books 5. **eschatology**- (doctrine of end times, death, judgement, and future state) way things will end/the future 6. **theology**- (study of God, God's attributes and God's relation to the universe) nature of God 7. **anthropology**- (study of humanity, its origins and cultures) nature of man 8. **ecclesiology**- (study of church doctrine) the way things are organized/ordered 9. **Liturgy**- order of worship 10. **Mass**- Roman Catholic worship service with communion 11. **Bulletin**- a paper program handed out with an order of service on it 12. **Creed**- statement of belief 13. **Vestment**- garments worn by clergy 14. **Ecclesiastical-** dealing with the church 15. **Orthodox**- true belief 16. **catholic**- universal 17. **transubstantiation**- substance changes into 18. **cosubstantiation**- with substance 19. **sacrament**- means of grace, way of receiving forgiveness- 3 things present to be called a sacrament: Instituted/commanded by Jesus; gives forgiveness of sins; physical element present (baptism, communion (possibly confession/absolution))--- 20. **Icon**- Image (in Greek); images of Jesus, Mary and saints which Eastern Orthodox believers pray to for intercession 21. **Intercession**- intervene on behalf of someone else; in Catholicism and Eastern Orthodox done through prayer to saints 22. **Iconostasis**- altar shield; screen dividing congregation from altar in Eastern Orthodoxy means "place for icons" in Greek 23. **Venerate-** worship; E.O. it means kiss an icon 24. **Pope** (what is it)- head of the Roman Catholic church 25. **Infant Baptism**- God begins faith 26. **Synod**- assembly of clergy of a specific denomination 27. **other names for communion-** Lord's Supper, Communion, Eucharist,\ Lord's table, Sacrament of the Altar, holy communion 28. **Catholic qualifications for Sainthood-** martyr, profound charity giver,\ promoter of the Catholic faith AND worked a miracle AND is deceased. \_\_\_ Unit 0 notes 6 philosophies of truth and definitions: - **Naturalism-** A person finds truth in the external world through the 5 senses and the scientific method - **Pantheism-** The personal experience of becoming one with the universe creates truth that cannot be measured or defined. - **Animism**- Truth comes through a witch doctor, shaman, or spirit guide, who interprets dreams and visions to explain what the spirits think and what they want people to do. - **Postmodernism-** Truth is relative to culture of the group: all reality, knowledge, experience, language and history and ethics are created by those who hold them. All truth claims are to be tolerated. - **Nihilism-** Truth is dead. There is NO meaning. Nothing Matters - **Theism-** Truth comes from God through natural and supernatural revelation. Communication from God interprets reality, establishes ethics, and identifies an afterlife 10 things truth is NOT: - **1 Truth is not simply [Whatever works]** - **2 Truth is not simply [what is coherent or understandable]** - **3 Truth is not [whatever makes people feel good]** - **4 Truth is not [what the majority says is true]** - **5 Truth is not [what is comprehensive]** - **6 Truth is not [defined by what is intended]** - **7 Truth is not simply [what is believed]** - **8 Truth is not [what is publicly proved]** - **9 Truth is not [what is relevant]** - **10 Truth is not [determined by choice]** 14 Things truth IS - **1 Truth [reveals]** - **2 Truth is [unchanging]** - **3 Truth is [consequential]** - **4 Truth is [knowable]** - **5 Truth is [expressible\ ]6 Truth [corresponds with reality\ ]7 Truth is [limited\ ]8 Truth is [explanatory\ ]9 Truth is [confrontational\ ]10 Truth is [freedom\ ]11 Truth is [always there\ ]12 Truth is [universal\ ]13 Truth is [exclusive\ ]14 Truth is [absolute]** 3 Examples of absolute truth **birth/life and death** **time** **basic math** **8 Questions Religion Answers:** **What is Prime Reality/What is really real?** **What is the nature of external reality/world around us?** **What is a human being?** **What happens to a person after death?** **Why is it possible to know anything at all?** **How do we know what is right and wrong?** **What is the meaning of human history?** **What core commitments are consistent with this worldview?** **8 ELEMENTS of religion:** **Belief system** **Community** **Central Myths** **Rituals** **Ethics** **Emotional experiences** **Material expression** **Sacredness** **Sacraments:** Roman Catholic Eastern Orthodox Lutheran -------------------------- -------------------- ----------------- **1 baptism** **1 baptism** **1 baptism** **2 confirmation** **2 confirmation** **2 communion** **3 communion** **3 Eucharist** **4 Holy Orders** **4 Holy Orders** **5 marriage** **5 marriage** **6 penance** **6 confession** **7 Anointing the sick** **7 holy unction** Catholics and Eastern Orthodox believe \_(T)\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_**transubstantiation**\_\_\_\_ happens in Communion. Lutherans believe in the \_\_\_\_\_**Real Presence**\_\_ at communion. Who and how do Roman Catholics baptize? **Babies/Infants/anyone with sprinkling of water** Who and how do Eastern Orthodox baptize? **Naked babies by full immersion** Who and how do Lutheran's baptize? **Infants/babies/anyone sprinkling of water** Controversial Roman Catholic Beliefs Controversial Eastern Orthodox Beliefs -------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **1 purgatory** **1 Praying to saints** **2 Mary/ Co-redemtrix** **2 (i) icons** **3 The Pope** **3 Nicene creed leaves out "\_\_\_From\_\_\_\_ the \_\_\_\_SON\_\_\_" Filioque** **4 indulgences** **5 Praying to saints** 4 beliefs about Mary in the Roman Catholic Church **1 eternal virgin/ Jesus her only child** **2 without sin** **3 assumed up into heaven (didn't die)** **4 co-redeemer with Christ** The Pope is believed to be \_\_**INFALLIBLE**\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. **Eastern Orthodox** How are 5 senses used? 1. **Sight- beauty of religious icons & vestments** 2. **Smell- use of incense** 3. **Sound- music, hearing the Word** 4. **Taste- sacrament of Eucharist & drinking holy water** 5. **Touch- crossing oneself, kissing the icon, lighting icons** How are Catholic beliefs in Tradition different than the beliefs about Sacred Tradition in the Eastern Orthodox church? **Tradition is \#1 for Catholics trumping the Bible, and Eastern Orthodox says Bible is \#1, Tradition is \#2** What do Lutherans believe is the ultimate source of faith? \_\_\_\_\_\_\_**Scripture alone (Bible)**\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **Lutheran's believe:** Saved by God's \_\_\_**grace**\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Belief in \_\_\_\_\_\_**Jesus**\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ saving work. Supreme authority comes from \_\_\_\_\_**Scripture**\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ alone. What Scripture passage does this come from? **Ephesians 2:8-10** 2 largest Lutheran synods in America: 1 ELCA 2 LC-MS Who is the founder of each of the denominations? Roman Catholic: The Apostle Peter Eastern Orthodox: The Apostle Peter and Apostle Paul Lutheran: Martin Luther Who is the head of each church body? Roman Catholic: Pope Francis Eastern Orthodox: Arch Bishops Lutheran (LC-MS): Rev. Matthew Harrison