TTM Notes PDF

TOUR AND TRAVEL NOTES Travel Agency -is a private retailer or public service that provides travel and tourism-related services to the general public on behalf of accommodation or travel suppliers to offer different kinds of travelling packages for each destination. Thomas Cook - wa...

TOUR AND TRAVEL NOTES Travel Agency -is a private retailer or public service that provides travel and tourism-related services to the general public on behalf of accommodation or travel suppliers to offer different kinds of travelling packages for each destination. Thomas Cook - was an English innovator of the conducted tour and founder of Thomas Cook and Son, a worldwide travel agency. Cook can be said to have invented modern tourism. International AIr Transport Association -Association for the world’s airlines, representing some 330 airlines over 80% of global air traffic An IATA airport code, also known as an IATA location identifier, is a three-letter geocode designating many airports and metropolitan areas around the world (defined by the International Air Transport Association (IATA)) Difference between Online Travel Agency and Offline Agency Online Travel Agency (OTA) →Website that acts as a search engine to book travel. They connect providers accross the travel industry to help travellers easily plan their trips. Offline Travel Agency →Travel agencies including corporate travel departments, who operate from “brick and mortar” offices. This means that they have physical offices rather than operating as an OTA only website. ========= Travel Documentation- What visa you need to travel in a country GDS- Global Distribution System Philippine Airline- prestige airline but not entirely decent Red Ribbon- they will sort all your needed documents (passports, visa, travel insurance) ========= Thomas Cook- widely known, decent travel agency (undergone rebranding) ↓ First Metro Travel ↓ FCM Travel Solutions- Located in Mango, Horizon and one of the few IATA accredited travel agency IATA Accredited- licensed travel agency to book tickets using GDS Difference between Online Travel Agency and Offline Agency IATA- directly issue tickets because they can access GDS Non-IATA - travel agency that is not accredited, cannot issue tickets using GDS - need to contact accredited agency to issue tickets Only LCC (Low Cost Airline) or budgeted airline - can issue ticket without needing IATA Ex. LCC in the Philippines (Cebu Pacific and Air Asia) Types of Agency 1. Retail Agency- book tickets direct to airline on the behalf of the products suppliers and gain commission from the airline and have service fee to customers 2. Wholesale Travel Agency- buy bulk tickets, property, and reservation (also have discount) - buys travel components from the vendor in bulk and resell them to other travel business originations Functions and Services of Travel Agency 1. Travel Information - Involves geography 2. Itinerary Preparation - one of the digitalizations needed to be applied in our country 3. Airline Ticketing and Reservation 4. Tour Packaging and Costing 5. Reservation 6. Travel Insurance 3 Kinds of Travel Insurance 1. Emergency 2. Lost Baggage 3. Airline Schedule Changed (ASC) 7. Currency Services - exchanges in money IATA is the standard - 3-letter geocode (unique identifier) ↪needed to avoid confusion Airport Code- composes of 3 character codes Ex. airports: Bantayan Island (BTY) Airline Code- 2 character code Ex. airlne: Cebu Pacific (5J), Air Asia (AK), Emirates (EK), Philippine Airline (PR) Hub Airport - Airport that an airline uses as a transfer point to get passengers to their intended destination Ex. Hong Kong (HKG)- all flights all over asia needs to go through HKG Hub in the Philippines: Mactan International, Ninoy Acquino, Clark International P.S. The momet the airplane touchdown in the airport magbayad na City Code - 3 letter code for major cities Ex. Paris (PAR), Berlin City (BER), Hong Kong (HKG) Corporate Travel Agency - service online & offline Propeller Plane- used for short duration flight Jet Airplane- used for long duration flight Airline Debit Memo - Agent is the one who commit mistake on the ticket -Rebook flight or reroute flight (if sayop ang place) Abba Travel - specialize in pilgrimage tour =========== HUB CITY ↪ Manila is a hub city in the Philippines Ex. Davao→Manila→Hong Kong ↪ Busy airports Ex. Clark, Cebu Airlines in Southeast Asia Korean Air- KE Japan Airlines- JL Thai International Airways- TG (Flag carrier of Thailand) Singapore Airlines- SQ Eva AAir - BR Malaysian Airlines - MH Air China - CA China Eastern Airline - MU China Southern Airline - CZ Vietnam Airline - VN Philippine Airline - PR Hongkong Airline - HX ↪considered as a country Cathay Pacific - CX Korea -Hub is Icheon, South Korea - ICN Japan -Hub City is Tokyo - TOK (City Code) ↪Narita - NRT ↪Haneda - HND Taiwan - Hub Airport is Taipei - TPE Singapore - SIN (Hub City) Vietnam -Hanoi - HAN -Ho Chi Minh - SGN India - New Delhi - DEL - Hyderabad - HYD - Mumbai - BOM - Air India - AI Indonesia (Largest archipelago in the world) buwag2 ang islands -Kuala Lumpur - KUL ====== Indonesia and Philippines are expensive destinations Landlocked Country - Country fully enclosed by land areas, or whose only coastlines lie on closed seas or lakes (Isig ka tapad na countries) ====== MIDDLE EAST - GULF COUNTRIES Qatar -Doha - DOH -Qatar Airways - QR (Airline owned by Qatar) UAE -Dubai - DXB -Abu Dhabi International Airport- AUH Flag carrier - Emirates ( EK ) Saudi Arabia -Riyadh Airport - RUH - Etihad Airways - EY (One of the most prestige airlines) Turkey -Istanbul - IST -Turkish Airlines - TK (One of the most prestige airlines) Israel -Tel Aviv - TLV -EL AL Airlines - LY Jordan -Amman - AMM AFRICA Egypt -Cairo - CAI -Flag carrier - Egypt Air -MS (cheap business class offered) South Africa -Johannes Berg - JNB (Hub City Airport) Kenya -Nairobi - NBO (Hub) -Kenya Airways - KQ EUROPE United Kingdom –>London - Gatwick - LGW - London Heathrow - LHR - Belfast - BFS - Flag carrier of UK - British Airways - BA Paris -Charles De Gaulle - CDG -Orly Airport - ORY -Flag carrier - Air France -AF Portugal -Lisbon - LIS Spain -Madrid - MAD -Barcelona - BCN -Flag carrier - Iberia - IB Italy -Milan - MXP -Rome - FCO -Florence - FLR -Flag carrier - ITA Airways or Alitalia - AZ Netherlands -Amsterdam Airport Schiphol - AMS - KLM Airline - KL Germany -Frankfurt Airport - FRA -Munich Airport - MUN -Berlin Airport - BER Austria -Vienna Airport - VIE -Flag Carrier- Austrian Airlines - OS Switzerland -Zurich - ZRH -Geneva - GVA Denmark -Copenhagen - CPH Hungary -Budapest - BUD Greece -Athens - ATH -Flag carrier - Aegean Airlines - A3 Brazil -Sao Paulo - GRU -Rio de Janeiro - GIG Venezuela -Caracas Airport - CCS Panama - PTY Ecuador -Quito Airport - UIO Peru -Lima - LIM Top 10 Airlines in the World 1. Qatar Airways - QR 2. Singapore Airlines - SQ 3. Emirates - EK 4. ANA all Nippon Airways - NH 5. Cathay Pacific Airways - CX 6. Japan Airlines - JL 7. Turkish Airlines - TK 8. Eva Air - BR 9. Air France - AF 10. Swiss International Airlines - LX Top 10 Airports in the World 1. Doha Hamad - DOH 2. Singapore Changi - SIN 3. Seoul Incheon - ICN 4. Tokyo Haneda - HND 5. Tokyo Narita - NRT 6. Paris Charles De Gaulle - CDG 7. Dubai International Airport - DXB 8. Munich Airport - MUC 9. Zurich Airport - ZRH 10. Istanbul - IST NORTH AMERICA →Caribbean Islands Jamaica -Kingston - KIN Panama - PTY Bahamas -Nassau - NAS Cuba -Havana - HAV Barbados -Bridgetown - BGI Dominican Republic -Punta Cana - PUJ -Santo Domingo - SDQ Puerto Rico -San Juan - SJU Mexico -Mexico City - MEX -San Jose Del Cabo - SJD -Flag Carrier - Air Mexico - MX Canada -Toronto - YYZ -Vancouver - YVR -Montreal - YUL -Ottawa - YOW -Calgary International Airport - YYC -Flag Carrier - Air Canada - AC 3 Major or biggest Airlines in United States -American Airlines - AA -United Airlines - UA -Delta Airlines - DL Other Hub Airlines: Alaska Airlines - AS Hawaiian Airlines - HA Virgin Atlantic - VS JetBlue Airways - B6 Washington D.C -Dulles - IAD Texas -Dallas Fort Worth - DFW -Newston - EWK -George Bush - IAH -William Hobby - HOU Arizona -Phoenix - PHX New York -John F. Kennedy - JFK -LaGuardia - LGA -Newark - EWR Los Angeles - LAX California -John Wayne Airport - SNA Hawaii -Honolulu - HNL Alaska -Anchorage - ANC New Zealand -Auckland - AKL -Wellington International Airport - WLG -Christchurch International Airport - CHC -Queenstown Airport - ZQN -Dunedin International Airport - DUD -Flag carrier - Air New Zealand - NZ Australia -Sydney - SYD -Melbourne - MEL -Brisbane - BNE -Perth - PER -Flag Carrier - Qantas Airways - QF Airline Alliance An airline alliance is an aviation industry arrangement between two or more airlines agreeing to cooperate on a substantial level. Alliances may provide marketing branding to facilitate travelers making inter-airline codeshare connections within countries. This branding may involve unified aircraft liveries of member aircraft. 3 Major Airline Alliances 1.Star Alliance - is an airline alliance headquartered in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Founded on 14 May 1997, it was the world's first global airline alliance. As of April 2024, it is also the world's largest airline alliance by market share, holding 17.4%, compared to 13.7% for SkyTeam and 11.9% for Oneworld. Star Alliance has 25 member airlines that operate a combined fleet of over 5,000 aircraft, serving more than 1,290 airports in 195 countries on more than 19,000 daily departures. Aegean Airlines - A3 Air Canada - AC Air China - CA Air India - AI Air New Zealand - NZ ANA all Nippon Airways - NH Asiana Airlines - OZ Austrian Airlines - OS Avianca - AV Brussels Airline - SN Copa Airlines - CM. Croatia Airlines - OU. EgyptAir's - MS. Ethiopian Airlines - ET. EVA Air - BR. Polish Airlines (LOT) - LO. Lufthansa - LH. Shenzhen Airlines - ZH. Singapore Airlines - SQ. South African Airways - SA. Swiss International Air Lines - LX. Air Portugal - TP. Thai Airways International - TG. Turkish Airlines - TK. United Airlines - UA. 2.SkyTeam - is one of the world's three major airline alliances. Founded in June 2000, SkyTeam was the last of the three alliances to be formed, the first two being Star Alliance and Oneworld, respectively. Its annual passenger count is 624 million customers (2024), the second largest of the three major alliances. As of January 2024, SkyTeam consists of 19 active carriers from five continents and operates with the slogan "Caring more about you". It also operates a cargo alliance named SkyTeam Cargo, which partners with ten carriers, all SkyTeam members. Its centralised management team, SkyTeam Central, is based in Amstelveen, Netherlands Aerolíneas Argentina - AR. Aeroméxico - AM. Air Europa - UX. Air France - AF. China Eastern Airlines - MU. China Airline - CI Czech Airlines - OK. Delta Air Lines - DL. Garuda Indonesia - GA. Ita Airways - AZ. Kenya Airways - KQ. KLM Royal Dutch Airlines - KL. Korean Air - KE. MEA (Middle East Airlines) - ME. SAS (Scandinavian Airlines) - SK. Saudi Arabian Airlines - SV. Tarom Airlines - RO. Vietnam Airlines - VN. Virgin Atlantic - VS. Xiamen Airlines - MF. 3.One world -is a global airline alliance consisting of 15 member airlines. It was founded on February 1, 1999. The alliance's stated objective is to be the first choice airline alliance for the world's frequent international travellers. Its headquarters have been located in Fort Worth, Texas since December 2022. As of March 2020, its member airlines collectively operate a fleet of 3,296 aircraft, serve about 1,000 airports in 170 countries, carrying over 490 million passengers per year on 13,000 plus daily departures. It is the third-largest global airline alliance in terms of passengers carried. Alaska Airlines - AS. Cathay Pacific - CX. Japan Airlines - JL. Qatar Airways - QR. Sri Lankan Airlines - UL. American Airlines - AA. Finnair - AY. Malaysia Airlines - MH. Royal Air Maroc - AT. British Airways - BA. Iberia - IB Qantas - QF Royal Jordanian - RJ Class of Service 1. Basic economy - cheapest/most affordable (random seat) 2. Economy 3. Premium Economy 4. Business Class 5. First Class Frequent-flyer Programme (FFP) -is a loyalty program offered by an airline. Many airlines have frequent-flyer programmes designed to encourage airline customers enrolled in the programme to accumulate points (also called miles, kilometers, or segments) which may then be redeemed for air travel or other rewards. Points earned under FFPs may be based on the class of fare, distance flown on that airline or its partners, or the amount paid. -earn points by miles and boking class -avail lounge in airports Codeshare ↪an aviation business agreement between 2 airlines to sell seats on the same flight. Operating Carrier - the airline flying the plane, where to check-in, crew to provide service Marketing Carrier - owner of the ticket, the company that sell tickets for the flight