TTL - MODULE 3.pdf

Module 3: ICT and the 21st-Century learners Lesson 1: Digital Natives: Learners of the Digital Age Digital Natives Defined Pensky (2001)posited that the generations of students today Represent the first generations to grow up with technology and that these Individuals have spent their lives surrou...

Module 3: ICT and the 21st-Century learners Lesson 1: Digital Natives: Learners of the Digital Age Digital Natives Defined Pensky (2001)posited that the generations of students today Represent the first generations to grow up with technology and that these Individuals have spent their lives surrounded by and using tools of the digital Age.  Digital Natives Vs. Digital Immigrants Compared to Digital Natives who were born after the 1980's and are comfortable with technology, 'digital Immigrants' are the older generation. The term digital immigrant mostly applied to individuals who have slowly adapted web surfing, texting, and the instant world of social media and on demand entertainment. Digital Natives are the new generation of young people born into the digital Age, while digital Immigrants' are those who learn to use computers at some stage during their adult life ching (2019) adds that while digital immigrants value 'proper' English in texting and prefer formal Communication, digital Natives use texting and instant messaging short hand and Internet slang, which digital Immigrants do not understand. Digital Natives are categorized by Cut (2017) into: 1. Avoiders -These Digital are not affected to digital technologies and social networking and who have phones but do not use emails and social media Accounts. 2. Minimalists - These Digital natives minimally use technology and only when they perceive it as necessary. They surf the internet if they have to check social media accounts daily. 3.. Enthusiastic participants - These digital natives enjoy technology and gadgets, have more than one social media account, thrive on instant communication, turn to google when they want to knew something. Digital Immigrants are categorized by Cut (2017) into: 1. Avoiders. These are digital immigrants who prefer a relatively minimal to technology-free lifestyles, who do not have an email account and/or smartphone or do not see the value in social media. 2. Reluctant adopters. These are digital immigrants who accept and try to engage with but feel unintuitive and hard to use technology. They have a cell phone but do not use texting, and occasionally use Google but do not have social media account; and; 3. Enthusiastic adopters. These are digital immigrants who have the potential to keep up with the digital natives, who embrace technology and see the value of technology, and who use social media accounts and emails regularly. Are millenials Digital Natives? A Millenial is someone born between 1980 and 2000.Moran states that the term millenial is often used interchangeably with digital natives, though not all digital natives are millenials as the newest generation, the Gen-Z, are also digital natives. She adds that not all millenials are digital natives, as some millenials have limited access to it in the case of the living in poverty.  Digital Natives- The Myths These are widespread misconceptions about digital natives, as expressed in the following Myths (Moran, 2010) Myth 1. - Digital Natives and inferior in social skills and prefer digital Interaction. The truth is, for digital natives, person-to-person contact is still reliable, not something they fear of or avoid. Myth 2. - Digital Natives are better multitasking. The truth is, while digital natives choose to multitask, they are not that efficient. Myth 3.- Digital natives have natural instincts about computers and other digital products. The truth is, because of ther short attention span, they are more likely to made errors. The Digital Divide The digital Divide council (2019) defines digital divide as the gap between Individuals with access to modern Information and communication technology and those without access. It is also refers to the fact that certain people have better opportunities than other individuals. (Nielsen, 2006) Classified the Digital Divide into : 1. Economic Divide - The Digital divide manifests in the fact that someone people cannot afford computer; 2. Usability Divide - the Digital Divide underscores the fact that some people are not literate enough to use technology 3. Empowerment Divide - Because the lack of Initiative and skills to take mature in their own hands, some users remain at the mercy of other people's decisions.  LESSON 2: Digital Literacy Skills Definition of Digital Literacy Today, literacy is more thank just the ability to understand the text. Most students are more knowledgeable about technology than teachers, but most were not instructed on how and when to use technology appropriately (Rubbie & Balley, 2007). Digital Literacy is the ability to find, evaluate, utilize, share, and create content using information technologies and the internet (Lynch, 2017). It is the ability to use information and communication technologies to find, evaluate, create and communicate information requiring cognitive and technical skills (American Library Association, n.d.) Definition of Digital Literacy Jones-Kavalier & Flannigan (2008) suggested that digital literacy is an ability to do tasks effectively in a digital environment. Aviram and Eshet-Alkalai (2006) describe digital literacy as combining technical-procedural, cognitive, and emotional social skills. Erstad (2007) defined as “skills, knowledge, and attitudes in using digital media to address the challenges in the learning society. Definition of Digital Literacy Eshet-Alkali and Amichai-Hamburger (2004) broadly defined digital literacy as consisting of five major digital skills: photo- visual skills (‘reading” instructions from graphical displays), reproduction skills (utilizing digital reproduction to create new, meaningful materials from existing ones), branching skills (constructing knowledge from nonlinear, hypertextual navigation), information skills (evaluating quality and validity of information), and socio-emotional skills (understanding the “rule” that prevail in cyberspace and applying this understanding in online cyberspace communication). In addition, one more skill was added to the list: real-time thinking skill (ability to process and evaluate large volumes of information in real time. Digital Literacy: What is it & What is not? Digital Literacy is: Understanding how to use web browser, search engines, and other application software; Evaluating online resources for accuracy/trustworthiness of the information; Using online classes to enhance learning in the classroom; Digital Literacy: What is it & What is not? Digital Literacy is: Choosing appropriate media to showcase learning; Using an interactive white board in the classroom for lessons; Encouraging students to use technology for learning; and Creating online content to be utilized both in and out of the classroom. Digital Literacy: What is it & What is not? Digital Literacy is NOT just: Learning how to use multimedia to research and investigate a specific topic; Having computers in your school; Technology as a special class separate from the daily classroom; Digital Literacy: What is it & What is not? Digital Literacy is NOT just: Typing papers such as opinion or narrative stories on a computer or using search engines only to find information; Children dropping out of school; and Using online media without any knowledge of what is accurate or trustworthy. Principles of Digital Literacy Heick shares the four principles of digital literacy, namely: 1. Comprehension. This is the ability to cite implicit and explicit ideas from media. 2. Interdependence. This principle refers to how one media form connects with another, whether potentially, metaphorically, ideally or literally. Principles of Digital Literacy 3. Social Factors. This refers to sharing timely and relevant data within relevant network. 4. Curation. This refers to the storage and organization of data in accessible ways. Components of Digital Literacy 1. Critical thinking 2. Online safety skills 3. Digital culture 4. Collaboration and creativity 5. Finding information 6. Communication and etiquette. 7. Functional skills. "Digital Literacy in the 21st Century-Skills Framework" 21st Century-Skills Framework a unified, collective vision for learning that outlines a combination of knowledge, skills, expertise, and literacies that students must master to succeed in school and in life. The information, media and technology skills are subdivided into three literacies. Information literacy, media literacy, and ICT literacy. 1. Information Literacy 1.1 Access and Evaluate Information - Access information efficiently (time) and effectively (sources) - Evaluate information critically and competently 1.2 Use and manage Information - Use information accurately and creatively for the issue or problem at hand - Manage the flow of information from wide variety of sources. - Apply a fundamental understanding of the ethical/ 2. Media Literacy 2.1 Analyze Media - Understand both how and why media messages are constructed and for what purposes. - Examine how individuals interpret messages differently, how values and points of view are included or excluded, and how media can influence beliefs and behaviors. - Apply a fundamental understanding of the ethical/legal issues surrounding the access and use of media. 2. Media Literacy 2.2 Create Media Products - Understand and utilize the most appropriate media creation tools, characteristics, and conventions. - Understand and effectively utilize the most appropriate expressions and interpretations in diverse, multi-cultural environments. 3. ICT Literacy 1.1 Apply Technology Effectively - Use technology as a tool to research, organize, evaluate and communicate information. - Use digital technologies (computer, PDAs, media players, GPS, etc), communications/networking tools, and social networks appropriately to access, manage, integrate, evaluate, and create information to function in a knowledge economy successfully. - Apply fundamental understanding of the ethical/legal issues surrounding the access and use of information technologies. "Improving Lives Through Digital Literacy" 1. Make connections. Social media account helps people keep up-to-date with others. Video calling services are used to talk to loved ones separated by great distances. 2. Save time and money. Online shopping makes life more efficient. 3. Increase safety. Understanding online safety practices can help increase one’s safety. 4. Get a job. Nowadays, many job applications are accepted online. 5. Be entertained. Televisions, movies, and videos are available online. 6. Be updated in real-time. The internet is one place to go when one needs real-time updates on almost anything. 7. Get information on a global scale. Having to keep up with the news happening worldwide or accessing resources from online libraries are just some advantages one can enjoy with increase digital literacy. 8. Close the digital divide. Learning to use digital technologies and integrating them into one’s life reduces the lack of access to digital opportunities, thus reducing digital divide. 9. Create an online presence. Creating an online presence can significantly personal and professional goals in life. 10. Understand your digital footprint. Understanding how the things said or posted can impact one’s life is a key component of digital literacy. 11. Learn faster and teach others. Practice using devices, websites, and apps, and teaching others how to use them can improve learning. 12. Become a digital citizen. Integrate technology into one’s life and understand how these technologies can be used for everyday tasks. 13. Lifelong learning. Committing to lifelong learning is one of the most important components of increasing digital literacy.  LESSON 3: Digital Citizenship Digital Citizenship The pervasiveness of technology in the world today is very much evident, hence we are living in a digital world. People are expected to know their obligations as citizens of the digital world in the same way that they are expected to understand their responsibilities as citizens of the traditional society. Teacher should address how students must behave when using digital tools and interacting with others in this context. Students must likewise be taught to be better stewards of technology.  Definitions of Digital Citizenship 1. The phrase "digital citizenship" was first used by Mossberger, Tolbert, and McNeal (2008) to describe the condition of having internet access that offers equitable chances for online participation, digital democracy, human rights, and technological proficiency. 2. Digital citizenship refers to the responsible use of technology by anyone who uses computers (Zook, 2009) 3. Digital citizenship refers to the responsible use of technology by anyone who uses computers  Definitions of Digital Citizenship 3.It is a holistic and positive approach to heling children learn to be safe, secure, intelligent, and effective participants in the digital world. 4. Refers to someone with the knowledge an skills to effectively use digital technologies to communicate with others, to participate in society, and to create and consume digital content. Elements of Digital Citizenship 1. Digital Access 2. Digital Etiquette 3. Digital Law 4. Digital Commerce 5. Digital Communication 6. Digital Literacy 7. Digital Rights and Responsibilities 8. Digital health and Wellness 9. Digital Security Elements of Digital Citizenship 1. Digital Access - Ribble & Shaaban (2011) refers to digital access as the full electronic participation of people in society. This includes full participation through access to tools and technologies, such as internet and computers. 2. Digital Etiquette - Ribble & Shaaban (2011) defines digital etiquette as electronic standards of conduct or procedures. It is a basic set of rules one should follow to make the internet a better place for all users.  Elements of Digital Citizenship 3. Digital Law - Defined by Ribble & Shaaban (2011) as the responsibility for actions and deeds. It deals with legal rights and restriction governing technology use. 4. Digital Commerce. Is the electronic buying and selling of goods. Ribble & Shaaban (2011). It focuses on the tools to assist those buying, selling, banking or using money in the digital space.  Elements of Digital Citizenship 5. Digital Communication - Refers to sharing information via electronic means. Digital communication, which refers to any form of communication that occurs through technology and electronic channels 6. Digital Literacy - The process of teaching and learning about technology and the use of technology.  Elements of Digital Citizenship 7. Digital Rights and Responsibilities - As a user of digital technology, one has the right to privacy and the freedom of personal expression. However, it is a corresponding duty of people to ensure upholding these rights by treating other users fairly and respecting their privacy. 8. Digital health and Wellness. Refer to the physical and psycho-social well-being in a digital technological world.  Elements of Digital Citizenship 7. Digital Rights and Responsibilities - As a user of digital technology, one has the right to privacy and the freedom of personal expression. However, it is a corresponding duty of people to ensure upholding these rights by treating other users fairly and respecting their privacy. 8. Digital health and Wellness. Refer to the physical and psycho-social well-being in a digital technological world. 9. Digital Security. Define as electronic precautions to ensure safety.  The Elements of Digital Citizenship Interrelated The nine elements of digital citizenship are interconnected with each other.in order to provide clear perspectives on these elements, these elements are combined categorically to wit 9isman & Gungoren, 2014): Elements that affect student academic performance; Elements that affect school environment and student behavior; and Elements that affect students life outside the school.  Student Academic Performance Digital Literacy Digital Communication Digital Access Core Goals School Environment and Student Improving the learning Behavior outcomes and preparing Digital Security Digital Etiquette students to become 21st Digital Rights and responsibility century citizens Student Life Outside the School Digital Health & Wellness Digital law Digital Commerce  In the same light, Ribble (2020) grouped the elements under three categories. Respect, Educate, and Protect as follows: RESPECT EDUCATE PROTECT Digital rights and Digital access Digital literacy responsibility Digital Digital etiquette Digital security communication Digital health and Digital Law Digital commerce wellness The nine elements were also classified as levels of support named the S3 framework, which stands for Safe, Savvy and Social. Safe is about being protected from danger, risk, or injury to oneself or others. This from is based on digital citizenship. Savvy is about creating educated digital citizens, the wisdom and practical knowledge, and the understanding to make sound judgments. Social is about respecting oneself as a digital citizen, creating cooperative and interdependent relationship, and understanding others. Thank you for listening! ♥️