Transportation Management Reviewer PDF

Midterm-transportation TOPIC 1 Reviewer: Transportation in Tourism What is Transportation? - Definition: The activity of transferring goods or people from one location to another. - Requirements: Efficient systems with necessary facilities, means, and equipment. Basic Physical Elements of Transp...

Midterm-transportation TOPIC 1 Reviewer: Transportation in Tourism What is Transportation? - Definition: The activity of transferring goods or people from one location to another. - Requirements: Efficient systems with necessary facilities, means, and equipment. Basic Physical Elements of Transportation - Way: Infrastructure like roads or railways. - Carrying Unit: Vehicles such as trucks, trains, or planes. - Terminal: Facilities for loading, unloading, and managing transport (e.g., airports, bus stations). - Motive Power: Source of energy or force driving the transport (e.g., engines, motors). Role of Transportation in the Tourism Industry - Facilitator of Tourism Growth: Enables increased travel and tourism expansion. - Linking Destinations with Markets: Connects travel markets with tourist destinations. - Providing Mobility and Access: Ensures travel within destinations. - Acting as Primary Attraction: Some forms of transport (e.g., scenic trains) are attractions themselves. - Contributor to Tourist Attractiveness: Enhances the appeal of destinations. - Determinant of Destination Success: Affects the overall success and viability of a tourist destination. - Socio-Economic Benefits: Contributes significantly to the local and broader economy through tourism. Importance of Transportation in Tourism - Tourism Implies Movement: Essential for the travel and tourism experience. - Transport as a Product: Integral part of the travel industry. - Quality of Transport: Impacts travel experience and business outcomes. Factors Influencing Tourism Transport Selection - Distance: Length of travel. - Schedule Frequency: Availability of services. - Availability: Access to transport options. - Speed: Travel time. - Convenience: Ease of use. - Route: Path taken by the transport. - Cost: Expense involved. - Safety and Security: Safety measures and security features. - Unique Experience: Distinctive aspects of the transport. - Status & Prestige: Perceived value and status associated with the transport mode. TOPIC 2 Reviewer: Active Transportation What is Active Transportation? - Definition: Travel involving sustained physical exertion that directly contributes to motion. - Characteristics: Human-powered mobility; non-motorized means; involves physical activity. Benefits of Active Transport 1. Reducing Traffic Congestion: Less strain on road networks. 2. Reducing Greenhouse Emissions and Environmental Impacts: Lower carbon footprint. 3. Increasing Community Safety and Cohesion: Promotes safer, more connected communities. 4. Increasing Community Health and Wellbeing: Enhances physical fitness and mental health. 5. Easy Access and Cost-Efficient: Generally low-cost and easily accessible. 6. Supporting Local Businesses: Encourages local economic activity. Sustainable Transport Options - Walking: Low-impact, health-promoting. - Cycling: Efficient, low-emission. - Public Transportation: Reduces individual car use; eco-friendly. - Electric Car: Lower emissions compared to petrol/diesel. - Petrol/Diesel Car: Higher emissions; less sustainable. - Air Travel: Generally high environmental impact. Key Considerations of Active Transportation - Multi-modality in Transportation: Integration with other transport modes. - Quality and Accessibility: Ensuring facilities and routes are well-maintained and accessible. - Capabilities and Opportunities: Assessing individual and community abilities and potential for active transport. TOPIC 3 Land Transportation Review Land Transportation Overview: - Involves the physical movement of goods and passengers on land. - UNWTO (2019): 36% of international tourists used land transportation (35% road, 1% rail). Two Main Forms: 1. Road Transport 2. Rail Transport --- Historical Development of Land Transportation: - 4000 BCE: Horses and donkeys used for transportation. - 3500 BCE: Wheel invented (initially for pottery). - 1769: First self-propelled vehicle by Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot. - 1817: Velocipede created by Karl von Drais. - 1826: Omnibus (horse-drawn car for 8-10 people). - 1862: First internal combustion engine by Jean Joseph Etienne Lenoir. - 1885: First usable car with internal combustion by Karl Benz. - 1885: Motorcycle invented by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach. --- Advantages & Disadvantages: Road Transport: Advantages - Flexible routing. - Stress-free baggage handling. Disadvantages: - Driving can be tiring. - Parking space issues. - Toll fees and maintenance expenses. Rail Transport: Advantages: - Inexpensive fare. - Stress-free. - Scenic views and spacious legroom. Disadvantages: - Limited routing flexibility. - Minimal luggage storage space. --- Major Land Transport Agencies in the Philippines: 1. Department of Transportation (DOTr): Policy and planning for transportation systems. 2. Land Transportation Office (LTO): Driver's licenses and vehicle registration. 3. Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB): Regulation and monitoring of public land transportation. 4. Toll Regulatory Board (TRB): Regulates toll facilities construction and operation. 5. Philippine National Railway (PNR): Operates the intra-island railway system in Luzon. 6. Light Rail Transit Authority (LRT): Manages light rail transit systems in Metro Manila. 7. Metro Rail Transit Corporation(MRT) : Operates Manila Metro Rail Transit System Line 3. --- Land Transportation in Tourism: Road Transportation: Significant Roles: - Mobility within destinations. - Intra-regional tourism. - Access to remote attractions. Major Mode: - Coach Services - Car Rentals - Recreational Vehicles Coach Services: Types: - Regular - Special Regular - Occasional Reasons for Choosing: - Guide services. - Cost-effective. - Easy access and comfortable group size. - On-board activities and convenient stops. Car Rentals: - Service: Supplying automobiles for daily or weekly rental. Channels: - Arrival points. - Tourism suppliers and intermediaries. - Online sources. Reasons for Choosing: - Ease of mobility. - Experience the location better. - Save time and money. Classification: - Subcompact/Economy - Compact - Mid-size/Intermediate - Full-sized/Standard - Premium - Luxury/Deluxe - Specialty Recreational Vehicles (RVs): -Description: Temporary living quarters for travel, camping, or seasonal use. Common Types: - Travel trailers - Truck bed-campers - Motorhomes TOPIC 4 Rail Transportation Overview - Definition: Transport of passengers and goods using vehicles on railroads or railways. - Economical: Popular for long-distance travel due to cost-effectiveness and convenience. Rail Tourism - Concept: Combines rail travel with tourism, involving special trains, unique routes, and visits to rail heritage sites. Evolution Timeline - 600 BC: Diokos (Isthmus, Greece) – early rail-like transport. - 17th Century: Transition from wood to iron rails. - 18th Century: Steam locomotive invention. - 1802: Surrey, Britain – early steam railway. - 1830: North America – development of railroads. - 1835: Continental Europe – expansion of rail networks. - 1836: Quebec, Canada – early Canadian railroads. - 1845: Thomas Cook starts leisure travel by train. - 1869: Transcontinental services in the US. - 1875: Fred Harvey establishes dining services in the US. - 19th Century: Golden Age of Rail Transportation. - 1960: Introduction of high-speed trains. History of Rail Transport in the Country - 1875: Railroad line decree by King Alfonso XII of Spain. - 1891: Ferrocarril line from Dagupan, Pangasinan. - 1892: Completion of Manila to Dagupan line (195.4 km). - 1896: Rail operations interrupted. - 1900: Restoration of railroad operations. - 1917: Final nationalization of Manila Railroad Company. - 1931: Introduction of the Bicol Train. - 1938: Unified railroad system from La Union to Legazpi. - 1954: Introduction of diesel engines. - 1964: Republic Act No. 4156 – rail transport legislation. Kinds of Rail Travel - Commuter Train: Local or long-distance travel within metropolitan areas. - High-Speed Train: Trains operating at speeds of 200 km/h or more. - Luxury Train: Premium services offering exceptional comfort and amenities. High-Speed Trains - Eurostar: Average speed 300 km/h; connects major European cities. - Le Frecce / Frecciarossa: Average speed 300 km/h; carries 457 passengers. - KTX-Sancheon: Average speed 305 km/h; named after the Sancheoneo fish. - ONCE AL BORAQ: Average speed 320 km/h; fastest in Africa. - Shinkansen: Average speed 320 km/h; world's first high-speed network. - TGV: Average speed 320 km/h; pioneer in Europe. - ICE: Average speed 350 km/h; known as the White Worms. - Fuxing: Average speed 350 km/h; domestically produced in China. - Hexie / Harmony: Average speed 350 km/h; record test speed 483 km/h. - Shanghai Maglev: Average speed 460 km/h; world's fastest maglev train. Other High-Speed Trains - Railjet: 230 km/h. - Alfa Pendular: 220 km/h. - SJ - Statens Järnvägar: 200 km/h. - Altaria: 200 km/h. - Euromed: 220 km/h.