Transport and Circulation (Topics 1 & 2) PDF

Transport and Circulation Life Processes 2 Topics 🞅Trends and Strategies Used by Organisms to Transport Materials 🞅Transport Mechanism in Plants 🞅Parts and Function of the Human Circulatory System 🞅Pathways of blood through the Cardiovascular System  Trends and Strategies Used by Organisms to...

Transport and Circulation Life Processes 2 Topics 🞅Trends and Strategies Used by Organisms to Transport Materials 🞅Transport Mechanism in Plants 🞅Parts and Function of the Human Circulatory System 🞅Pathways of blood through the Cardiovascular System  Trends and Strategies Used by Organisms to Transport Materials Transport and Circulation - 1 Objectiv es 🞅describe the trends and compare various strategies used by organisms to transport materials for energy utilization and maintenance Introductio n What is the importance of having roads? Introductio n Human body has networks of vessels that are site of transport for materials.  Transport Strategies Unicellular organisms utilize their cell surfaces as a place of exchange with the outside environment Diffusion Osmosis Active transport Transport Systems and Unicellular Organisms - IGCSE Biology. (2024, September 19). Save My Exams. https://www.savemyexams.com/igcse/biology/edexcel/19/revision-notes/2-structure- and-function-in-living-organisms/transport-systems/the-need-for-a-transport-system/ Transport Strategies Nonvascular plants have rhizoids, which are slender, hair- like structures that serve for anchorage and absorption. Transport Strategies Vascular plants have specialized tissues for materials transport: vascular tissues.  Transport Strategies Sponges diffusion would allow them to have an exchange with their environment  Transport Strategies Cnidarians Gastrovascular cavity is present to distribute substances throughout the animal body Transport Strategies Flatworms Gastrovascular cavity Transport Strategies Circulatory System 🞅Parts: fluid, heart, vessels 🞅Types: open and closed Transport Strategies Open Circulatory system 🞅 Hemolymph is both the circulatory fluid and the interstitial fluid 🞅 The contraction of the heart: allows the hemolymph to traverse the interconnected sinuses that surround the organs allowing exchange of materials happens to the body cells. 🞅 The relaxation of the heart allows the hemolymph to be drawn back in via pores equipped with valves that close whenever the heart contracts. Transport Strategies Closed Circulatory system 🞅 Circulatory fluid is called blood. It is distinct from the interstitial fluid. 🞅 The heart or hearts in some organisms pump blood into blood vessels branching into smaller vessels that extend to other organs. 🞅 Members of Phylum Annelida, Cephalopoda and all the vertebrates have closed circulatory systems. Transport Mechanism in Plants Transport and Circulation - 2 Objectives 🞅compare and contrast xylem and phloem tissues; and 🞅summarize the mechanism of water and food transport in plants Transportation tissues in plants Xylem Phloem 🞅 Conducts water 🞅 Conducts sugar and and minerals other nutrients 🞅 Composed of: 🞅 Composed of: tracheids, companion cells, vessel elements Sieve tube elements xylem fibers and Phloem parenchyma and xylem parenchyma phloem fibers Transport in Plants Apoplast Symplast Transmembrane Movement of Movement of Movement of water water from one water across through the cell to another cells and cell cell wall and through walls. interstitial plasmodesmat spaces. a  Water transport 1. Absorbed in the roots and root hairs in either of the transport mechanisms. Root pressure can also move water up the plant. 2. Water reaches endodermis and passes through the Casparian strip. Water will travel through symplast here. 3. Water reaches the xylem vascular tissue and move through bulk flow. 4. Transpiration moves the water in the xylem to reach the leaves. Cohesion of water molecules and adhesion of water to the xylem tube Sugar and Nutrient transport 🞅 Multidirectional 🞅 It is from sites of sugar production to sites of sugar use or storage. 🞅 The transport of the products of photosynthesis is called translocation. Sugar molecules are actively transported from the source cells to the closest sink, or the points of delivery, through the phloem tissues.