Police Organization & Administration PDF

POLICE ORGANIZATION & ADMINISTRATION - broadens police activities to cater to social WITH POLICE PLANNING services and has for its mission the welfare of the individual...

POLICE ORGANIZATION & ADMINISTRATION - broadens police activities to cater to social WITH POLICE PLANNING services and has for its mission the welfare of the individual as well as that of the ADMINISTRATION OF POLICE ORGANIZATION PRINCIPLE OF EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT POLICE - one of the pillars of the criminal justice Division of work - work specialization can increase system that has the specific responsibility of efficiency with the same amount of effort. maintaining law and order and combating crime Authority and Responsibility- authority includes within the society. the right to command and the power to require obedience. One cannot have authority without EVOLUTION OF THE POLICING SYSTEM responsibility. Discipline - necessary for an organization to  ORIGIN OF THE WORD “POLICE” function effectively, however, the state of the  POLITEIA – Greek word which means disciplinary process depends upon the quality of its government of the city leaders.  POLITIA – Roman word which means condition Unity of Command - subordinate should receive of the state or government orders from one superior only.  POLICE – French word which was later adopted Scalar Chain - the hierarchy of authority is the order by the English language of ranks from the highest to the lowest levels of the organization. Shows the vertical hierarchy of the ADMINISTRATION - an organizational process organization which defines an unbroken chain of concerned with the implementation of objectives and units from top to bottom describing explicitly the flow plans and internal operating efficiency. of authority. ORGANIZATION - a group of persons working together for a common goal or objectives. ORGANIZATIONAL UNITS IN THE POLICE POLICE ORGANIZATION - a group of trained ORGANIZATION personnel in the field of public safety administration 1. FUNCTIONAL UNITS engaged in the achievement of goals and objectives a) Bureau - the largest organic functional unit that promotes the maintenance of peace and order, within a large department; comprised of protection of life and property, enforcement of the several divisions. laws and the prevention of crimes. b) Division - a primary subdivision of a bureau. c) Section - functional unit within a division that THEORIES OF POLICE SERVICE is necessary for specialization. 1. HOME RULE THEORY (H=C) d) Unit - functional group within a section or the - Policemen are regarded as servants of the smallest functional group within an community, who rely for the efficiency of their organization. functions upon the express needs of the 2. TERRITORIAL UNITS people. a) Post - a fixed point or location to which an - policemen are civil servants whose key duty officer is assigned for duty. is the preservation of public peace and b) Route - a length of streets designated for security patrol purpose, also called line beat. 2. CONTINENTAL THEORY (C=H) c) Beat - an area designed for patrol purposes - policemen are regarded as state or whether foot or motorized. servants of the higher authorities d) Sector - an area containing two or more - the people have no share or have little beat, route or post. participation with the duties nor connection e) District - a geographical subdivision of a city with the police organization. for patrol purposes, usually with its own station. CONCEPTS OF POLICE SERVICE f) Area - a section or territorial division of a 1. OLD CONCEPT large city each comprised of designated - police service gives the impression of being districts. merely a suppressive machinery - this philosophy advocates that the FUNCTIONS IN A POLICE ORGANIZATION measurement of police competence is the 1. PRIMARY OR LINE FUNCTIONS increasing number of arrests, throwing - Functions that carry out the major purposes offenders in detention facilities rather than of the organization, delivering the services trying to prevent them from committing and dealing directly with the public crimes - The backbone of the police department 2. MODERN CONCEPT - Examples: patrolling, traffic duties, crime - regards police as the first line of defense of investigation the criminal justice system, an organ of crime 2. STAFF/ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS prevention - functions that are designed to support the - police efficiency is measured by the line functions and assist in the performance decreasing number of crimes of the line functions - examples: planning, research, budgeting and legal advice 1 3. AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS - provides the various actions, hence, policies, - functions involving the logistical operations procedures, rules and regulations of the org. of the organization are based on the statement of doctrines - examples: training, communication, 4. DISCIPLINE maintenance, records management, - comprising behavioral regulations supplies and equipment management ORGANIC UNITS IN A POLICE ORGANIZATION ELEMENTS OF POLICE ORGANIZATION 1. OPERATIONAL UNITS 1. UNITY OF COMMAND - those that perform primary or line functions - dictates that there should only be ONE MAN - examples are patrol, traffic, investigation and commanding the unit to ensure uniformity in the vice Control, execution of orders 2. ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS 2. SPAN OF CONTROL - those that perform the administrative - the maximum number of subordinates that a functions superior can effectively supervise - Examples are personnel, finance, planning  Factors affecting the span of control: and training. a) Leadership qualities of the supervisors 3. SERVICE UNITS b) Nature of the job and work conditions - those that perform auxiliary functions c) Complexity of task - Examples are communication, records d) Education and skill of the employees management, supplies. 3. DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY - Conferring of an amount of authority by a ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE superior position to a lower-level position. - the systematic arrangement of the relationship of 4. HIERARCHY OF AUTHORITY the members, positions, departments and - the relationship between superiors and - functions or work of the organization subordinates - it is comprised of functions, relationships, - serves as the framework for the flow of authority - responsibilities and authorities of individuals downward and obedience upward through the within the organization department  HIERARCHY – represents the formal KINDS OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES relationship among superiors and subordinates 1. LINE in any given organization - the oldest and simplest kind; also called military 5. SPECIALIZATION - defined by its clear chain of command from the - the assignment of particular personnel to highest to the lowest and vice versa particular tasks - depicts the line functions of the organization 6. CHAIN OF COMMAND - orders or commands must come from the higher - the arrangement of officers from top to bottom on l level of authority before it can be carried out the basis of rank or position and authority. - involves few departments 7. COMMAND RESPONSIBILITY 2. FUNCTIONAL - dictates that immediate commanders shall be - structure according to functions and specialized responsible for the effective supervision and units control. - depicts staff functions of the organization - Responsibilities are divided among authorities EARLY POLICING SYSTEM who are all accountable to the authority above. 1. KIN POLICING 3. LINE AND STAFF - the family of the offended individual was - a combination of the line and functional kind expected to assume responsibility for justice - combines the flow of information from the line - the family of the victim was allowed to exact structure with the staff departments that service, vengeance advise, and support them 2. EGYPT - generally more formal in nature and has many - ancient rulers had elite unit to protect them departments - created the MEDJAYS, a form of police force whose duties include guarding of the tombs ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES and apprehending thieves  FOUR (4) PRIMAL CONDITIONS OF AN - introduced the use of dogs as guards and ORGANIZATION protectors. 1. AUTHORITY 3. ROME - the supreme source of government for any - created the first organized police force called particular organization VIGILES OF ROME, or VIGILES URBANI - - the right to exercise, to decide and to (watchmen of the city)which had the primary command by virtue of rank and position task of firefighting and policing 2. MUTUAL COOPERATION - the Vigiles acted as night watch, - an organization exists because it serves a apprehending thieves, keeping an eye out purpose. for burglars and hunting down runaway 3. DOCTRINE slaves, and were on occasion used to - provides for the organization’s objectives maintain order in the streets 2  - the Vigiles dealt primarily with petty crimes - recognized as the first modern style police and looked for disturbances of the peace department in the US. while they patrolled the streets - the largest police force in the world - created a special unit called PRAETORIAN - modeled after the Metropolitan Police GUARDS, a special force of guards used by Service of London Roman Emperors as the Emperors' personal b. BOSTON POLICE DEPARTMENT guards - the oldest police department in the US - as personal guards of the Emperor, their - the first night watch was established in primary duty was to protect the Emperor from Boston in 1631. assassination and other forms of attack - formally founded in May, 1854. against the Emperor.  AUGUST VOLLMER - recognized as the Father 4. ENGLAND of Modern Law Enforcement for his contributions a) FRANKPLEDGE SYSTEM/MUTUAL PLEDGE in the development of the field of criminal justice SYSTEM in the US - required all males aged 12 and above to join - author of the book, Police Administration, a group of nine to form a TYTHING which served as the basic guide in the - members of the tything are called a administration of the police organization in TYTHINGMEN the US - a CONSTABLE served as a leader of ten - was the first police chief of Berkeley, tythings California. - the primary task of the things was to protect their village from thieves and animals IMPORTANT PERSONALITIES IN THE - tythings were later organized into SHIRES EVOLUTION OF PHILIPPINE POLICING - a shire was headed by a leader called SHIRE  Brig.Gen. Rafael Crame - the first Filipino Chief REEVE, which is the origin of the word of the Philippine Constabulary in 1917. “sheriff”  Col. Antonio Torres - the first Filipino Chief of - their duty was to apprehend offenders Police of the Manila Police Department in 1935. b) PARISH CONSTABLES  Col. Lambert Javalera - the first chief of police - a parish official charged with controlling of the Manila Police Department after the crimes Philippine Independence from the United States - appointed to serve for one year of America in 1946 - duties included organizing watchmen to  Dir.Gen. Cesar Nazareno - the first chief of the guard the gates Philippine National Police. - during trouble, the watchman would raise a “HUE AND CRY”, a call to arms where the HIGHLIGHTS OF RA 6975 – THE DEPARTMENT rest of the parish would stop what they were OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT doing and come to the aid of the constable. ACT OF 1990, RA 8551 – THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL MODERN POLICING SYSTEM POLICE REFORM AND REORGANIZATION ACT 1) ENGLAND OF a. BOWSTREET RUNNERS - a group of men 1998 and RA 9708 organized to arrest offenders. A. THE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND - Organized by Henry Fielding, a magistrate in LOCAL GOVERNMENT (DILG) London,in 1749 in London, England. - formerly Department of Local Government - The name was adopted from the name of the (DLG) street where the office of Henry Fielding was - reorganized under RA 6975 located.  ORGANIZATION: - consist of: - when Henry Fielding retired as magistrate, a. the Department proper he was replaced by his blind brother, John b. existing bureaus and offices of the DLG Fielding c. local government units (LGU) b. METROPOLITAN POLICE OF ACT 1829 1) Provincial governors - The law that created the first modern police 2) City and municipal mayors force in London England, called the d. the National Police Commission Metropolitan Police Service. e. the Philippine Public Safety College - this law was passed through the initiative of f. Philippine National Police Sir Robert Peel, a member of the Parliament g. Bureau of Fire Protection - the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police h. Bureau of Jail Management and Penology Service is the Scotland Yard, now known as - the PPSC, PNP, BFP and BJMP were created the New Scotland Yard under RA 6975  SIR ROBERT PEEL - recognized as the father - headed by the Secretary to be appointed by of modern policing system. the President and who shall serve at the 2. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA pleasure of the President a. NEW YORK POLICE DEPARTMENT - the Secretary shall be assisted by two (2) - created in 1845 in New York, USA Undersecretaries and three (3) Assistant Secretaries 3 a) Undersecretary for Local Government  headed by the Chief, PNP, with the rank of b) Undersecretary for Peace and Order Director General, appointed by the President - No retired or resigned military officer or police and who shall serve a term of office of four (4) official may be appointed as Secretary within years one (1) year from date of retirement or resignation ORGANIZATION AND COMPOSITION OF THE PNP - the Secretary is also the ex officio chairman of - shall be headed by a Chief who shall be the National Police Commission assisted by two (2) deputy chiefs: o Deputy Chief for Administration NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION o Deputy Chief for Operations - An agency attached to the DILG for policy - Three (3) deputy director ranks coordination o Deputy Chief for Administration - shall exercise administrative control and o Deputy Chief for Operations operational supervision over the PNP. o Deputy Chief for Directorial Staff - an agency attached to the DILG FOR - the Chief PNP and the two (2) deputy chiefs POLICY COORDINATION shall be appointed by the President - shall exercise ADMINISTRATIVE - no officer who is retirable within six (6) CONTROL AND OPERATIONAL months shall be appointed Chief SUPERVISION over the PNP - the PNP shall be composed of a national office, regional offices, provincial offices, COMPOSITION: consist of a district offices, and city or municipal stations o Chairperson, four (4) regular - refer to the organizational structure of the Commissioners and the Chief of PNP as Philippine National Police ex officio member o shall serve a term of office of SIX (6) YEARS MANNING LEVELS WITHOUT REAPPOINTMENT OR Section 27 of R.A. 6975 provides (police-to- EXTENSION population ratio) o three of the four regular commissioners shall o 1:500 – nationwide average come from civilian sector and not former o 1:1000 – minimum police-to-population ratio members of the police or military o the fourth regular commissioner shall come PNP RANK CLASSIFICATION AND ITS from the law enforcement sector either active COUNTERPART IN THE MILITARY or retired Provided, That an active member of a law enforcement agency shall be I. POLICE COMMISSIONED OFFICERS considered resigned from said agency once (PCO) appointed to the Commission Director General General o at least one (1) of the four regular Deputy Director General Lt. Gen commissioners shall be a WOMAN Director Major General o from among the three regular commissioners Chief Superintendent Brigadier General from the civilian sector, the Vice Chairperson Senior Superintendent Colonel shall be chosen Superintendent Lt Colonel o the Vice Chairperson shall act as the Chief Inspector Major Executive Officer of the Commission Senior Inspector Captain o refer to the organizational structure of the Inspector Lieutenant NAPOLCOM II. POLICE NON-COMMISSIONED Qualifications of the Regular Commissioners OFFICERS (PNCO) o citizens of the Philippines (FILIPINO) SPO4 Grand/Chief Master Sergeant o lawyers (ATTORNEY) with at least five (5) SPO3 Master Sergeant years’ experience in handling criminal or SPO2 Technical Sergeant human rights cases; or SPO1 Staff Sergeant o holders of a MASTER’S DEGREE in public Police Officer 3 Sergeant administration, sociology, criminology, Police Officer 2 Corporal criminal justice, law enforcement and other Police Officer 1 Priv. 1st Class related disciplines PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ***PNP is one rank higher** o organized pursuant to RA 6975, as amended by RA 8551 and 9708 KEY POSITIONS AND THEIR CORRESPONDING o a law enforcement agency under the RANKS IN THE PNP operational control of the Department of the o CHIEF- highest position in the PNP, with the Interior and Local Government and rank of DIRECTOR GENERAL (1st in administrative supervision of the National command) Police Commission o DEPUTY DIRECTOR GENERAL RANKS o it is an organization that is national in scope - DDG for Administration (2nd in and civilian in character, as provided by Command) Section 6, Article 16 of the 1987 Philippine - DDG for Operation (3rd in Command) Constitution: - Chief of the Directorial Staff (4th in “The state shall establish and maintain one police Command) force which shall be national in scope and civilian o NCR DIRECTOR – with the rank of Director in character…” o REGIONAL DIRECTOR -with the rank of Chief Superintendent 4  o PROVINCIAL DIRECTOR -with the rank of determined by the Commission, shall NO Senior Superintendent LONGER BE REQUIRED TO COMPLY with o NCR DISTRICT DIRECTOR -with the rank of the aforementioned minimum educational Chief Superintendent requirement.” o CHIEF OF POLICE – with the rank of Chief SPECIFIC QUALIFICATIONS THAT MAY BE Inspector WAIVED APPOINTMENT UNDER A WAIVER PROGRAM STATUS OF THE MEMBERS OF THE PNP o police officers are employees of the national CONDITIONS ON WAIVERS FOR INITIAL government and shall draw their salaries APPOINTMENT TO THE PNP from the national budget o The age, height and weight for initial o they shall have the same salary grade level appointment to the PNP may be waived only as that of public school teachers police when the number of qualified applicants falls officers assigned in Metro Manila, chartered below the approved national/regional quota. cities and first class municipalities may be o The Commission en banc may grant age, paid financial incentives by the local height and weight waiver. The NAPOLCOM government unit concerned subject to Regional Director may grant height waiver to availability of funds a member of an indigenous group. o Waiver of the age requirement may be GENERAL QUALIFICATIONS FOR granted provided that the applicant shall not APPOINTMENT TO THE PNP (RA 6975, AS be less than twenty (20) nor more than thirty AMENDED BY RA 8551 AND RA 9708) five (35) years of age. o A citizen of the Philippines; o Waiver of the height requirement may be o A person of good moral conduct; granted to a male applicant who is at least 1 o Must have passed the meter and 57 cm (1.57m) and to a female psychiatric/psychological, drug and applicant who is at least 1 meter and 52cm physical tests to be administered by the (1.52m). Provided, that the minimum height PNP or by any NAPOLCOM accredited requirement for applicants who belong to government hospital for the purpose of indigenous group duly certified by the determining physical and mental health; Office of the Muslim Affairs (OMA) or the o Must possess a formal baccalaureate National Commission on Indigenous degree from a recognized institution of Peoples (NCIP) shall be 1.52m for male and learning 1.45m for female o Must be eligible in accordance with the o An applicant who is granted a weight waiver standards set by the Commission; Must shall be given reasonable time not exceeding have passed the board examination given six (6) months within which to comply with by the Profession Regulation the said requirement. Failure to attain the Commission (PRC) or the NAPOLCOM required weight shall cause the termination Police Entrance Examination from the service. o Must not have been dishonorably discharged from military employment or dismissed for FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE GRANT cause from any civilian position in the OF WAIVERS Government; o Outstanding accomplishments or possession o Must not have been convicted by final of special skills in law enforcement, police judgment of an offense or crime involving work, martial arts, marksmanship and similar moral turpitude; skills; o Must be at least one meter and sixty-two o Special talents in the field of sports, music centimeters (1.62 m) in height for male and others; and one meter and fifty-seven (1.57 m) for o Extensive experience or training in forensic female; science and other technical services. o Must weigh not more or less than five kilograms (5kgs) from the standard SELECTION CRITERIA UNDER THE WAIVER weight corresponding to his or her height, PROGRAM age and sex; and o Applicants who possess the least o For a new applicant, must not be less than disqualifications shall take precedence over twenty-one (21) nor more than thirty (30) those who possess more disqualifications. years of age o The requirement shall be waived in the o Section 30 (j) of R.A. 6975, as amended by following order: Age, Height, Weight (AHW) section 14 of R.A. 8551, was further amended by R.A. 9708 “…PNP members APPOINTMENT OF UNIFORMED PNP who are already in the service upon the PERSONNEL effectivity of Republic Act No. 8551 shall be o PO1 TO SPO4 – appointed by the Regional given five (5) years to obtain the minimum Director for regional personnel or by the educational qualification preferably in law Chief, PNP for the national headquarters enforcement related courses, to be reckoned o INSP. TO SUPT. – appointed by the Chief, from the date of the effectivity of this PNP amendatory Act: Provided, furthermore, That o SR. SUPT TO DDG – appointed by the for concerned PNP MEMBERS President upon recommendation of the RENDERING MORE THAN FIFTEEN (15) Chief, PNP, subject to confirmation by the YEARS OF SERVICE and who have Commission on Appointments exhibited exemplary performance as 5  o DIRECTOR GENERAL – appointed by the o 2 years – from Sr Supt to Chief Supt. President from among the senior officers o 3 years – from Supt to Sr Supt down to the rank of C/Supt, subject to the o 5 years – Chief Insp to Supt confirmation of the Commission on o 5 years – Sr Insp to Chief Insp Appointments o 4 years – Insp to Sr Insp o 3 years – SPO4 to Insp KINDS OF APPOINTMENT o 3 years – SPO3 to SPO4 o PERMANENT APPOINTMENT – when an o 3 years – SPO2 to SPO3 applicant possesses the upgraded o 3 years – SPO1 to SPO2 general qualifications for o 3 years – PO3 to SPO1 appointment in the PNP. o 3 year – PO2 to PO3 o TEMPORARY APPOINMENT– Any PNP o 4 years – PO1 to PO2 personnel who is admitted due to the waiver of the educational or weight requirements.  APPROPRIATE ELIGIBILITY – the required Any member who will fail to satisfy any of the promotional examinations waived requirements with the specified time o Police Officer Promotional Examination periods shall be dismissed from the service. o Senior Police Officer Promotional EXAMINATION AND ELIGIBILITY - The Examination NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION shall o Police Inspector Promotional Examination administer the entrance and promotional o Police Superintendent Promotional examinations for police officers on the basis of the Examination standards set by the Commission (as amended by RA 8551). Except for the Chief, PNP, no PNP member who has o POLICE ENTRANCE EXAMINATION – less than one (1) year of service before reaching the taken by applicants of the PNP (civilian to compulsory retirement age shall be promoted to a uniform) higher rank or appointed to any other position. o POLICE PROMOTIONAL EXAMINATIONS – taken by in-service police officers as part of SPECIAL PROMOTION – promotion granted to the mandatory requirements for promotion police officers who have exhibited acts of o POLICE OFFICER EXAMINATION conspicuous courage and gallantry at the risk of o SENIOR POLICE OFFICER EXAMINATION his/her life above and beyond the call of duty. o INSPECTOR EXAMINATION CONSPICUOUS COURAGE is a courage that is o SUPERINTENDENT EXAMINATION (equal clearly distinguished above others in the to Criminology Licensure examination) performance of one’s duty. ACTS OF CONSPICUOUS COURAGE AND LATERAL ENTRY - In general, all original GALLANTRY appointments of commissioned officers in the PNP - A DEED OF PERSONAL BRAVERY AND shall commence with the rank of inspector, to include SELF-SACRIFICE above and beyond the all those with highly technical qualifications applying call of duty, so conspicuous as to distinguish PROMOTION - Promotion is defined as the upward the act clearly over and above his/her movement from one classification or rank to another comrades in the performance of more than carrying higher benefits and more responsibility. It is ordinary hazardous service, the upgrading of ranks and/or advancement to a - POSTHUMOUS AWARD – in case an position of leadership. individual who distinguish himself dies before the granting of the awards. KINDS OF PROMOTION PROMOTION BY VIRTUE OF POSITION (Section  REGULAR PROMOTION - promotion granted to 32, R.A. 8551) - Any PNP personnel designated TO police officers meeting the mandatory ANY KEY POSITION WHOSE RANK IS LOWER requirements for promotion. THAN THAT WHICH IS REQUIRED FOR SUCH POSITION SHALL, AFTER SIX (6) MONTHS OF Mandatory Requirements for Promotion OCCUPYING THE SAME, BE ENTITLED TO A o Educational attainment RANK ADJUSTMENT CORRESPONDING TO THE o Completion of appropriate POSITION. training/schooling, such as: o Provided, that the personnel shall not be a. Master’s Degree - Chief Superintendent and reassigned to a position calling for a higher above rank until after two (2) years from the date of b. Officers Senior Executive Course (OSEC) – such rank adjustment. Supt to Sr. Supt c. Officers Advance Course (OAC) – Chief Insp. PROMOTING AUTHORITIES: d. Officers Basic Course (OBC) – Sr. Insp. Grade/Rank Promoting Authorities e. Officers Candidate Course (OCC) – SPOIV Director General President f. Senior Leadership Course (SLC) – SPOIII to Sr. Supt. to Deputy Dir. Gen President SPOIV Insp. To Supt. Chief, PNP g. Junior Leadership Course (JLC) – POIII to PO1 to SPOIV RD/Chief, PNP SPOI ATTRITION SYSTEM  TIME-IN GRADE – the number of years required for a police officer to hold a certain ATTRITION (DOWNZING) (SEPARATION)- The rank before he can be promoted to the next downsizing of personnel in the PNP on the basis higher rank. The time-in grade in the PNP is provided by law. A system of force retirement or maintained as follows ( separation from the service. 6 o ATTRITION BY ATTAINMENT OF MAXIMUM ABSENCE WITHOUT OFFICIAL LEAVE (AWOL) - TENURE - Those who have reached the Failure to report for duty without official notice for a prescribed maximum tenure corresponding to period of THIRTY (30) DAYS their position shall be retired from the service o ATTRITION BY RELIEF (RELIEVED) - Those MISSING IN ACTION (MIA) - any PNP personnel who have been relieved for just cause and have who, while in the performance of duty or by reason not been given an assignment within TWO (2) of his being an officer or member of the PNP, is YEARS after such relief shall be retired or officially confirmed missing in action, kidnapped or separated captured by lawless elements shall be entitled to o ATTRITION BY DEMOTION IN POSITION OR receive or to have credited to his account the same RANK - Those who are relieved and assigned to pay and allowances to which such officer or a position lower than what is established for his uniformed member was entitled at the time of the or her grade in the PNP staffing pattern and who incident. shall not be assigned to a position commensurate to his or her grade within PARTICIPATION OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT EIGHTEEN (18) MONTHS after such demotion EXECUTIVES IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF PNP shall be retired or separated o ATTRITION BY NON-PROMOTION - Those POWERS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS who have not been promoted for a continuous OVER THE PNP UNITS. - Governors and Mayors period of TEN (10) YEARS shall be retired or are deputized as representatives of the NAPOLCOM separated in their respective territorial jurisdiction. o ATTRITION BY OTHER MEANS - Any PNP A. PROVINCIAL GOVERNOR (GOV) member of officer with at least five (5) years of o Power to choose the PNP Provincial accumulated active service shall be separated Director from a list of 3 eligibles based on any of the following: recommended by the PNP Regional o inefficiency based on poor performance Director. during the last two (2) successive annual o CITY AND MUNICIPAL MAYOR rating periods o Has the power to choose his CHIEF OF POLICE from a list of five (5) eligible POOR PERFORMANCE refers to the poor rating in recommended by the provincial police the promulgated PNP Performance Evaluation director. Rating System (APPRAISAL). EMPLOYMENT -refers to utilization of units or o Inefficiency based on poor performance elements of the PNP for purposes of protection of for three (3) cumulative annual rating lives and properties, enforcement of laws, periods; maintenance of peace and order, prevention of o Physical and/or mental incapacity to crimes, arrest of criminal offenders and bringing the perform police functions and duties. offenders to justice and ensuring public safety, o Failure to pass the required entrance particularly in the suppression of disorders, riots, examinations twice and/or finish the lawlessness, violence, rebellious and seditious required career course except for conspiracy, insurgency, subversion or other related justifiable reasons; activities. o Refusal to take periodic PNP Physical DEPLOYMENT - shall mean the orderly and Fitness Test without justifiable reason. organized physical movement of elements or units of the PNP within the province, city or municipality for RETIREMENT OR SEPARATION UNDER THE purposes of employment ATTRITION SYSTEM - Any personnel who is SUSPENSION OR WITHDRAWAL OF dismissed from the PNP pursuant to different ways DEPUTATION - The President may, upon mentioned, shall be retired if he or she has rendered consultation with the provincial governor and at least twenty (20) years of service and separated if congressman concerned, suspend the power of he or she has rendered less than twenty (20) years operational supervision and control of any local of service, unless the personnel is disqualified by law executive over police units assigned or stationed in to receive such benefits. his jurisdiction for any of the following grounds: o Frequent unauthorized absences; RETIREMENT - The separation of the police o Abuse of authority; personnel from the service by reason of reaching the o Providing material support to criminal age of retirement provided by law, or upon elements; or completion of certain number of years in active o Engaging in acts inimical to national security service. PNP UNIFORMED PERSONNEL SHALL or which negate the effectiveness of the RETIRE TO THE NEXT HIGHER RANK FOR peace and order campaign. PURPOSES OF RETIREMENT PAY. DISCIPLINARY MECHANISMS OF THE PNP o KINDS OF RETIREMENT INTERNAL AFFAIRS SERVICE (IAS) - created by o COMPULSORY – upon reaching the age RA 8551 FIFTY-SIX (56), the age of retirement o OPTIONAL – upon completion of TWENTY FUNCTIONS OF THE IAS (20) YEARS of active service o pro-actively conduct inspections and audits o EARLY RETIREMENT – less than twenty on PNP personnel and units; (20) years. o investigate complaints and gather evidence in support of an open investigation; o conduct summary hearings on PNP members facing administrative charges; 7  o submit a periodic report on the assessment, o three other members to be chosen by analysis, and evaluation of the character and the local peace and order council from behavior of PNP personnel and units to the among the members of the community Chief PNP and the Commission; o file appropriate criminal cases against PNP For the three other members, the following members before the court as evidence conditions must be met: warrants and assists in the prosecution of the o one must be a woman case; o one must be a lawyer, or a college o provide assistance to the Office of the graduate, or the principal of an Ombudsman in cases involving the personnel elementary school in the locality of the PNP; o the CHAIRMAN of the PLEB shall be elected from among its members The IAS shall also conduct, motu propio of the o the term of office of the members of the following cases: PLEB is THREE (3) YEARS o incidents where a police personnel discharges a firearm; PROCEDURE IN THE PLEB o incidents where death, serious physical injury, o the procedure shall be summary in nature, or any violation of human rights occurred in conducted in accordance with due process the conduct of a police operation; but without strict regard to technical rules of o incidents where evidence was compromised, evidence tampered with, obliterated, or lost while in the o cases handled by PLEB shall be decided by custody of police personnel; majority votes of its members o incidents where a suspect in the custody of o each case shall be decided within SIXTY (60) the police was seriously injured; and DAYS from the time it has been filed with the o Incidents where the established rules of PLEB engagement have been violated. o the decision of the PLEB shall become final and executory, except for decisions The IAS can recommend promotion of the involving demotion or dismissal from the members of the PNP or the assignment of PNP service personnel to any key position. o decisions involving demotion or dismissal from the service may be appealed with the ORGANIZATION OF IAS REGIONAL APPELLATE COURT (RAB) o headed by the INSPECTOR GENERAL who within TEN (10) DAYS from receipt of the is a CIVILIAN and appointed by the President copy of the decision upon the recommendation of the Director General (Chief, PNP) ADMINISTRATIVE DISCIPLINARY o the Inspector General shall be assisted by a MACHINERIES IN THE PNP Deputy Inspector General o there shall be national, regional and provincial CITIZEN’S COMPLAINTS - pertains to any offices complaint initiated by a private citizen or his duly o the national office shall be headed by the authorized representative on account of an injury, Inspector General, the regional offices by a damage or disturbance sustained due to an irregular Director, and the provincial offices by a or illegal act committed by a member of the PNP. Superintendent o COMPLAINTS AGAINST THE IAS: shall be DISCIPLINARY AUTHORITIES FOR CITIZEN’S brought to the Inspector General’s Office COMPLAINTS Where the offense is punishable by withholding of PEOPLE’S LAW ENFORCEMENT BOARD (PLEB) privileges, restriction to specified limits, suspension o a body created pursuant to RA 6975 or forfeiture of salary, or any combination thereof: o one of the disciplinary authorities of the PNP o CHIEF OF POLICE - a period not authorized to handle and investigate citizen’s exceeding FIFTEEN (15) DAYS complaint o CITY/MUNICIPALITY MAYORS- a period o the CENTRAL RECEIVING ENTITY FOR not less than SIXTEEN but not exceeding ANY CITIZEN’S COMPLAINT AGAINST THIRTY (30) DAYS THE PNP MEMBERS o PEOPLE’S LAW ENFORCEMENT BOARD o shall be created by the sangguniang (PLEB)- a period exceeding THIRTY (30) panlungssod/bayan in every city and DAYS, or by DISMISSAL municipality as may be necessary o there shall be at least one (1) PLEB for every BREACH OF INTERNAL DISCIPLINE - refers to five hundred (500) city or municipal police any offense committed by a member of the PNP personnel involving and affecting order and discipline within the o membership in the PLEB is a civic duty police organization COMPOSITION OF PLEB MINOR OFFENSE -shall refer to an act or omission o PLEB shall be composed of five (5) not involving moral turpitude but affecting the members who shall be as follows: internal discipline of the PNP, and shall include but o any member of the sangguniang not be limited to: (SIGAD) panlungsod/bayan o simple misconduct or negligence o any barangay chairman of the locality o insubordination concerned o frequent absences or tardiness o habitual drunkenness 8  o gambling prohibited by law GROUNDS FOR APPEAL TO NAB AND RAB Disciplinary Authorities for Breach of Internal o New material evidence has been discovered Discipline which is not available during the hearing. May impose the administrative punishment of o Errors of law or irregularities have been admonition or reprimand; restriction to specified committed by the disciplining authority. limits; withholding of privileges; forfeiture of salary or o The findings of fact of the disciplinary body suspension; or any combination of the foregoing are not commensurate to the offense o CHIEF OF POLICE - for a period NOT committed. EXCEEDING FIFTEEN (15) DAYS o PROVINCIAL DIRECTORS- for a period POLICE OPERATIONAL PLANNING NOT EXCEEDING THIRTY (30) DAYS Police Planning - an attempt by police o REGIONAL DIRECTOR- a period NOT administrators in trying to allocate anticipated EXCEEDING SIXTY (60) DAYS resources to meet anticipated service demands. o CHIEF OF THE PNP- shall have the power to Planning - the determination in advance of how the impose the disciplinary punishment of objectives of the organization will be attained; dismissal from the service; suspension or involves the determination of a course of action to forfeiture of salary; demotion; or any combination of the foregoing for a period NOT take in performing a particular function or activity. EXCEEDING ONE HUNDRED EIGHTY (180) Plan - an organized schedule or sequence by DAYS methodical activities intended to attain a goal or objectives for the accomplishment of mission or DISCIPLINARY APPELLATE BOARDS - Formal assignment. administrative disciplinary appellate machinery of Dragnet Operation - is a police operation purposely the National Police Commission, tasked to hear to seal off the probable exit points of fleeing suspect cases on appeal from the different disciplinary from the crime scene to prevent their escape. authorities in the PNP composed of the following: Management or Administrative Functions o NATIONAL APPELLATE BOARD (NAB) (POSDCoRB) o shall decide cases on appeal from 1. Planning decisions rendered by the PNP Chief and the National Internal Affairs Service 2. Organizing o shall be composed of the four (4) regular 3. Staffing commissioners and shall be chaired by 4. Directing the executive officer 5. Controlling o REGIONAL APPELLATE BOARD (RAB) 6. Reporting o shall decide cases on appeal from 7. Budgeting decisions rendered by the Regional Director, Provincial Director, Chief of GUIDELINES IN PLANNING Police, the city or municipal mayor and 1. What – mission/objective the PLEB 2. Why – reason/philosophy o there shall be at least one (1) regional 3. When – date/time appellate board per administrative region 4. Where – place 5. How – strategy/methods NOTE: o The PLEB decision of the suspension is final and cannot be appealed. CHARACATERISTICS OF A GOOD PLAN o The decision of dismissal by either PLEB or 1. A Plan must have a clearly defined objective Regional Director is final and executory but 2. A Plan must be simple, direct and clear subject to appeal to RAB. 3. A Plan must be flexible o Decision of Chief of Police is appealable 4. A Plan must be attainable within 10 days to Provincial Director, upon 5. A Plan must provide standards of operation receipt of decision. 6. A Plan must be economical in terms of resources o Decision of Provincial Director is appealable needed for implementation within 10 days to Regional Director, upon receipt of decision. TYPES OF PLAN o Decision of Regional Director is appealable 1. Procedural/Policy Plan within 10 days to Chief, PNP upon receipt of decision. 2. Operational Plan o The decisions of COP, PD, and RD are from 3. Tactical Plan those cases concerning internal discipline. 4. Administrative/Management Plan o Cases involving internal discipline filed with 5. Extra-Departmental Plan the Chief, PNP originally, the decision is appealable to NAB which decision is Final. DEFINITION OF TERMS o MOTION FOR RECONSIDERATION IS  GOAL - General Statement of intention ONLY ALLOWED ONCE. normally with time perspective. It is achievable end state that can be measured EFFECT OF FILING APPEAL and observed. o DISMISSAL- immediate Executory  OBJECTIVE - The specific commitment to o SUSPENSION OR DEMOTION- Decision is achieve a measureable result within a install or hold in abeyance specific period of time. 9   STRATEGY – is a broad design, method; a  For maximum police effectiveness, they major plan of action that needs a large shall be responsible for the technical amount of resources to attain a major goal or operation of the police organization and objectives. management of its personnel.  TACTIC – it is a specific design, method or course of action to attain a particular BASIC CONSIDERATIONS IN POLICE objective in consonance with strategy. PLANNING  PROCEDURE – a sequence of activities to reach a point or to attain what is desired. PRIMARY DOCTRINES  POLICY – a product of prudence or wisdom FUNDAMENTAL DOCTRINE – Is the basic in the management of human affairs. a principle in planning, organization and course of action which could be a program of management of the PNP in support of the overall actions adopted by an individual, group, pursuits of the PNP Vision, mission and strategic organization or government or the set of action plan of the attainment of the national principles on which they are based. objectives.  PROCESS - is a cluster or series of related OPERATIONAL DOCTRINE – Are the principles projects larger in scope and not necessarily and rules governing the planning, organization time limited, systematically designed to and direction and employment of the PNP forces achieve certain goals of plan. in the accomplishment of basic security  PROGRAM - a homogenous group of operational mission in the maintenance of peace activities necessary for the performance of and order, crime prevention and suppression, major purpose. internal security and public safety operation.  PROJECT - undertaking which is to be FUNCTIONAL DOCTRINE – This provides carried out within a definite time frame and guidance for specialized activities of the PNP in which is intended to result in some pre the broad field of interest such as personnel, determined measure of goods and services intelligence, operations, logistics, planning, etc.  GUIDELINES – a rule of action for the rank and file to show them how they are expected SECONDARY DOCTRINES to obtain the desired effect. COMPLEMENTARY DOCTRINE – Doctrines  ALTERNATIVES - are means by which formulated jointly by two or more bureaus in goals and objectives can be attained. They order to effect a certain operation with regard to maybe policies, strategies or specific actions public safety and peace and order. This aimed at eliminating a problem. Alternatives essentially involves the participation of the other don’t have to be substitutes for one another bureaus of the BJMP, BFP, PPSC, NBI and other or should perform the same function. law enforcement agencies.  DOCTRINE – scheme or arrangement of ETHICAL DOCTRINE – That defines the getting a mission or objective accomplished fundamental principles governing the rules of conduct, attitude, behavior and ethical norm of CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD POLICE PLAN the PNP. a. With clearly defined Objectives or Goals. b. Simplicity, Directness and Clarity CLASSIFICATIONS OF POLICE PLANS c. Flexibility ACCORDING TO COVERAGE d. Possibility of Attainment a. Local Plan e. Must provide Standards of Operation b. Regional Plan f. Economy in terms of Resources needed for c. National Plan implementation ACCORDING TO TIME RESPONSIBILITIES IN PLANNING a. STRATEGIC OR LONG RANGE PLAN - It relates to plans which are strategic or long range BROAD EXTERNAL POLICY PLANNING in application, it determine the organization’s  Responsibility of the legislative branch of the original goals and strategy government. b. INTERMEDIATE OR MEDIUM RANGE  The main concern of the police in this broad PLANNING - It relates to plans, which determine external policy planning is assisting the quantity and quality efforts and legislature in their determining of police accomplishments. It refers to the process of guideline through the passage of appropriate determining the contribution on efforts that can laws or ordinances for the police to enforce. make or provide with allocated resources INTERNAL POLICY PLANNING OPERATIONAL OR SHORT RANGE PLANNING -  Responsibility of the CHIEF OF It refers to the production of plans, which determine PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE and the schedule of special activity and are applicable other chiefs of the different units or from one week or less than year duration. Plan that headquarters within their area of addresses immediate need which are specific and jurisdiction to achieve the objectives or how it can be accomplished on time with available mission of the police organization. allocated resources.  They are responsible for planning, organizing, staffing, directing, TYPES OF PLANS (RSVP) coordinating, controlling, reporting and REACTIVE PLANS budgeting for the police organization  Developed as a result of crisis. within existing policies and available  A particular problem may occur for which resources. the department has no plan and must 10  quickly develop one, sometimes without TIME SPECIFIC PLANS- are concerned with the careful preparation. specific purpose and conclude when an objective is accomplished or a problem is solved. STRATEGIC PLANS  Designed to meet the long-range, overall TACTICAL PLANS goals of the organization.  plans that concern methods of action to be  Such plans allow the department to adapt taken at a designated location and under to anticipated changes or develop a new specific circumstances philosophy or model of policing (e.g.  generally emergency type plans that can be community policing). put into effect on the sudden occurrence of a condition requiring their use VISIONARY PLANS - Essential statements that  planning for emergencies of a specific nature identify the role of the police in the community and a at known locations future condition or state to which the department can  developed for specific situations as they aspire. arise  examples are: planning for major PROACTIVE PLANS - Developed in anticipation of accidents; calamities or disasters; problems. Although not all police problems are special events; hostage-taking situations, predictable etc EXTRA-DEPARTMENTAL PLANS TYPES OF POLICE PLAN  those which require actions or assistance PROCEDURAL PLAN OR POLICY PLANS from persons or agencies outside of the  deal with procedures that have been outlined department and officially adopted by all members of the  involve coordination with other agencies unit under specified circumstances  Examples are: exchange of information  guidelines for actions to be taken on wanted persons, known drug  include all STANDARD OPERATING syndicates, known organized crime PROCEDURES (SOP) groups, stolen vehicles, etc. MANAGEMENT PLANS POLICY  those plans that relate to staffing, equipping,  general plan of action that serves as a guide supplying and organizing in the operation of the organization or unit  include the structuring of functions, authority  codes of procedures and responsibilities, the allocation of resources, personnel management, EXAMPLES OF PROCEDURAL PLANS/POLICY budgeting and other concerns administrative PLANS (FHS) in nature FIELD PROCEDURES- procedures intended to  examples are: assignment and training of be used in all situations of all kinds shall be personnel; recruitment; equipment and outlined as guide to officers and men in the field, supply procedures, etc such as: procedures that relate to reporting, to raids, arrests, stopping suspicious persons, CREATIVITY IN PLANNING receiving complaints, investigation, etc IMITATION - involves using plans, programs, HEADQUARTERS PROCEDURES - include the methods, and so on, developed by others. procedures to be followed in the headquarters, INDUCTIVE REASONING - moves from specific usually reflected in the duty manual to the more general; STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES DEDUCTIVE REASONING - is just the reverse; (SOP) - procedures intended for specific that is, it moves from the general to the specific. operations to ensure uniformity of action IDEA LINKING - is often done through free association. Individuals participating in planning OPERATIONAL PLANS are encouraged to identify any ideas, without  often called work plan limitations or inhibition that might relate to the  the work program of the field units problem or plan at hand.  describe specific actions to be taken  the work to be done is estimated, manpower FIELD OPERATIONS AND HOW PLANNING and equipment is allocated, proper AFFECTS THEM objectives are defined and methods of accomplishment are developed FIELD OPERATIONS - Operations in the field shall  statistical analysis is widely used be directed by the police commander and the subordinate commanders and the same shall be TYPES OF OPERATIONAL PLAN (SOFT) aimed at the accomplishment of the following STANDING PLAN- provide the basic framework primary tasks more effectively and economically for responding to organizational problems.  PATROL – The patrol force shall accomplish OPERATIONAL- efficiency, effectiveness, and the primary responsibility of safeguarding the Productivity Plans- are essentially the measures community through the protection of persons or comparison to be used to assess police and property, the preservation of the peace, activities and behavior and results. the prevention of crime, the suppression of FUNCTIONAL PLAN- includes the framework criminal activities, the apprehension of for the operation of the major functional unit in criminals, the enforcement of laws and the organization Such as patrol and ordinances and regulations of conduct and investigation. Coordination performing necessary service and inspections. 11   INVESTIGATION – The basic purpose of the effectively address other criminal activities investigation division unit shall be to related to carnapping. investigate certain designated crimes and  SOP #7 – ANTI-TERRORISM - This clear them by the recovery of stolen property prescribes the operational guidelines in the and the arrest and conviction of the conduct of operations against terrorists and perpetrators. To this end, the investigation other lawless elements involved in terroristic division shall supervise the investigation activities. made by patrolman and undertake additional  SOP #8 – JOINT ANTI-BANK ROBBERY investigation as may be necessary of all ACTION COMMITTEE (ANTI-BANK felonies. ROBBERY) - This SOP provides overall  TRAFFIC PATROL – Police control of planning, integration, streets or highways, vehicles, and people orchestration/coordination and monitoring of shall facilitate the safe and rapid movement all efforts to ensure the successful of vehicles and pedestrians. To this end, the implementation. inconvenience, dangers and economic  SOP #9 – ANTI-HIJACKING/HIGHWAY losses that arise from this moment, ROBBERY - This SOP sets forth the congestion, delays, stopping and parking of guidelines and concepts of operations to be vehicles must be lessened. observed in the conduct of anti-highway  VICE CONTROL – it shall be the determined robbery/hold-up/hijacking operations. stand of the PNP in the control of vices to  SOP #10 – PAGLALANSAG/PAGAAYOS- treat vice offenses as they shall do to any HOPE - This SOP sets for the concept of violation, and exert efforts to eliminate them, operations and tasks of all concerned units in as there attempt to eliminate robbery, theft, the campaign against Partisan Armed and public disturbance. Groups and loose fire.  JUVENILE DELINQUENCY CONTROL –  SOP # 11 – MANHUNT BRAVO effective crime control necessitates (NEUTRALIZATION OF WANTED preventing the development of individuals as PERSONS) - This SOP sets forth the criminals. The police commander shall objectives and concept of operation tasks of recognize a need for preventing crime or all concerned units in the neutralization of correcting conditions that induce criminality wanted persons. and by rehabilitating the delinquent.  SOP #12 – ANTI-ILLEGAL GAMBLING - This SOP sets forth the operational thrusts to STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES (SOP) be undertaken by the PNP that will  SOP #01 – POLICE BEAT PATROL spearhead the fight against all forms of illegal PROCEDURES - This SOP prescribes the gambling nationwide. basic procedures to be observed by all PNP  SOP #13 – ANTI-SQUATTING - This SOP Units and mobile patrol elements in the sets forth the concept of operation in the conduct of visibility patrols. campaign against professional squatters and  SOP #02 – BANTAY KALYE - This SOP squatting syndicates. prescribes the deployment of 85% of the  SOP #14 – JERICHO - This SOP prescribes PNP in the field to increase police visibility the operational guidelines to be undertaken and intensifies anti-crime campaign by the NHQ, PNP in the establishment of a nationwide. quick reaction group that can be detailed with  SOP #03 – SIYASAT - This SOP prescribes the office of the SILG (OSILG), with the guidelines in the conduct of inspections personnel and equipment requirements of to ensure police visibility. that reaction group supported by the PNP.  SOP #4 – REACT 166 - REACT 166 was  SOP #15 – NENA (ANTI- launched in 1992 as the people’s direct link PROSTITUTION/VAGRANCY) This SOP to the police to receive public calls for sets forth the operational thrusts to be assistance and complaints for prompt action undertaken by the PNP that will spearhead by police authorities. This SOP prescribes the fight against prostitution and vagrancy. the procedures in detail of Duty Officers,  SOP #16 – ANTI-PORNOGRAPHY - This Telephone Operators and Radio Operators prescribes the guidelines to be followed by for REACT 166; their term of duty and tasked PNP Units/Offices in enforcing the responsibilities. ban on pornographic pictures, videos and  SOP #5 – LIGTAS (ANTI-KIDNAPPING) - magazines. With the creation of the Presidential Anti-  SOP #17 – GUIDELINES IN THE Organization Crime Task Force (PAOCTF), CONDUCT OF ARREST, SEARCH, AND the PNP is now in support role in campaign SEIZURE -This SOP prescribes the against kidnapping in terms of personnel procedures and manner of conducting an requirements. SOP #6 sets forth the PNP’s arrest, raid, search and/or search of person, guidelines in its fight against kidnapping search of any premises and the seizure of activities. properties pursuant to the 1987 Philippine  SOP #6 – ANTI-CARNAPPING - This SOP Constitution, Rules of Court, as amended prescribes the conduct of an all-out and and updated decision of the Supreme Court. sustained Anti Carnapping campaign to  SOP #18 – SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF stop/minimize carnapping activities, SANDIGAN MASTER PLAN neutralize syndicated carnapping groups,  SOP #19 – ANTI-ILLEGAL LOGGING identify/prosecute government personnel  SOP #20 – ANTI-ILLEGAL FISHING involved in carnapping activities, and to  SOP #21 – ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUGS 12