Tickets - Final Assessment PDF

**Ticket 1** 1\. What is the highest biosafety level and what does it signify? 2\. What type of PPE is commonly used in a BSL-2 laboratory? 3\. What steps should be taken if equipment cannot be repaired in-house? 4\. What are the safety precautions that should be taken when using a centrifuge?...

**Ticket 1** 1\. What is the highest biosafety level and what does it signify? 2\. What type of PPE is commonly used in a BSL-2 laboratory? 3\. What steps should be taken if equipment cannot be repaired in-house? 4\. What are the safety precautions that should be taken when using a centrifuge? **Ticket 2** 1\. What is the purpose of an exposure control plan? 2\. What should be done immediately after a needle stick injury? 3\. Explain the troubleshooting process when equipment shows signs of drift in quality control. 4\. You need to centrifuge three tubes: one with 5 mL, one with 3 mL, and one with 2 mL of blood. Describe how you would balance the rotor and handle this setup **Ticket 3** 1\. What is the primary function of engineering controls in a laboratory? 2\. List two factors that influence the classification of microorganisms by risk group 3\. **What criteria should be considered when selecting laboratory equipment?** 4\. You have a 50 mL blood sample that needs to be processed, but the centrifuge has a maximum capacity of 40 mL. What steps would you take to manage this situation? **Ticket 4** 1\. What is the difference between Risk Group 2 and Risk Group 3 pathogens? 2\. What are some engineering controls used to minimize exposure to bloodborne pathogens? 3\. **Why is preventive maintenance critical in laboratory equipment management?** **4. Describe the correct technique for dispensing liquid from a micropipette** **Ticket 5** **1. What is the main difference between a Chemical Fume Hood and a Biological Safety Cabinet?** **2. What are the three bloodborne pathogens that healthcare workers should be most concerned about?** **3.** How can a laboratory effectively monitor instrument parameters? 4\. You have taken blood samples from a single patient with volumes of 15 mL, 10 mL, and 5 mL. The centrifuge only holds four tubes at a time. Explain how you would balance and centrifuge these samples? **Ticket 6** **1. List two factors that influence the classification of microorganisms by risk group** **2. What are the three basic types of eye protection required in laboratories?** **3. A centrifuge's rotor has a manufacturer-recommended maximum speed. What are the potential risks of exceeding this speed, and how can this be prevented?** **4. If a micropipette tip is reused without proper cleaning between samples, what are the specific ways in which contamination can affect experimental outcomes? Provide at least two consequences** **Ticket 7** **1. Explain the significance of near misses in a risk management system and how they contribute to improving patient safety** **2. What actions should be taken if a healthcare worker is exposed to bloodborne pathogens?** **3. What criteria should be considered when selecting laboratory equipment?** **4. Describe the correct technique for dispensing liquid from a micropipette.** **Ticket 8** **1. What is the first step in selecting appropriate PPE for a laboratory?** **2. A chemical in the lab has both the \"Skull and Crossbones\" and \"Corrosion\" pictograms on its label. What potential dangers does this combination represent, and what precautions should be taken?** **3. How can a laboratory effectively monitor instrument parameters?** **4. What is the purpose of using a sterile tip when drawing up liquid with a micropipette?** **Ticket 9** **1. What type of organisms are typically handled in BSL-3 labs?** **2. What are the core principles of laboratory biosafety, and how do they impact laboratory practices?** **3. What factors may contribute to centrifuge accidents in laboratories?** **4. You need to centrifuge a 1.5 mL blood sample in a fixed-angle rotor, but the rotor is designed for larger tubes. How would you proceed with the centrifugation?** **Ticket 10** **1. What is the definition of a sharp in a laboratory context?** **2. Explain the significance of near misses in a risk management system and how they contribute to improving patient safety** **3. Describe the role of the biosafety cabinet in a BSL-2 laboratory** **4. You are preparing to centrifuge a single 1 mL blood sample, but the sample is in a microtube that is too small for the standard rotor. How would you adapt to this situation?** **Ticket 11** **1. What are the long-term health risks associated with chemicals that carry the \"Health Hazard\" pictogram, and why is it important to refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for these chemicals?** **2. What factors should be considered when selecting appropriate gloves for working with chemicals?** **3. What are the three bloodborne pathogens that healthcare workers should be most concerned about?** **4. Describe the correct technique for dispensing liquid from a micropipette** **Ticket 12** **1. Differentiate between Risk Group 3 and Risk Group 4 pathogens in terms of transmission, treatment availability, and community risk. Why is it essential to classify organisms correctly within these groups?** **2. What is the purpose of the hazard identification section in the SDS?** **3. What are the key benefits of implementing a good equipment management program in a laboratory?** **4. You need to centrifuge a 7 mL blood sample, but the centrifuge is set to a different program. Describe how you would adjust the settings and ensure proper centrifugation** **Ticket 13** **1. Why might a laboratory director decide to implement 'BSL-3 practices' in a BSL-2 lab setting? Provide examples of specific pathogens and work activities that would warrant such enhanced precautions.** **2. Describe what is meant by \'work practice controls\' in the context of handling potentially infectious materials** **3. Describe the process of validating new equipment and associated techniques** **4. What protective equipment should be worn when operating a centrifuge?** **Ticket 14** **1. What are standard precautions?** **2. What are some examples of BSL-2 level specimens?** **3. What are the key safety considerations when operating a laboratory centrifuge, and why are they important?** **4. If a micropipette tip is reused without proper cleaning between samples, what are the specific ways in which contamination can affect experimental outcomes? Provide at least two consequences** **Ticket 15** **1. What is the difference between Risk Group 2 and Risk Group 3 pathogens?** **2. What are bloodborne pathogens and give two examples?** **3. What are the critical components of an effective equipment maintenance program?** **4. Describe the role of autoclaving in sterilizing media and containers and the conditions required for effective sterilization** **Ticket 16** **1. What are some examples of higher-risk organisms that may require additional precautions?** **2. Ergonomics in laboratory facilities and safety means:** **3. List two factors that influence the classification of microorganisms by risk group** **4. You need to centrifuge a single 10 mL blood sample in a swing-out rotor. Explain how you would balance the rotor and the importance of proper balancing** **Ticket 17** **1. What is the significance of the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard?** **2. Explain the importance of engineering controls in a clinical laboratory setting, particularly when handling pathogens from Risk Groups 3 and 4. What role do these controls play in biosafety, and why should they not be substituted with PPE?** **3. Why is preventive maintenance critical in laboratory equipment management?** **4. Describe the correct technique for dispensing liquid from a micropipette.** **Ticket 18** **1. What are the three bloodborne pathogens that healthcare workers should be most concerned about?** **2. How would you differentiate between the \"Flame\" and \"Flame Over Circle\" pictograms when assessing chemical hazards in the laboratory?** **3. Why is it essential to verify the performance of new laboratory equipment before testing patient specimens, and what risks might arise if this step is skipped?** **4. Describe how you would perform a 15X serial dilution and calculate the amount of solution and diluent needed for each step to reach the final concentration** **Ticket 19** **1. What are the three bloodborne pathogens that healthcare workers should be most concerned about?** **2. What safety concerns arise in a clinical lab when biological safety cabinets (BSCs) are unavailable, and infectious aerosols are generated? Describe the PPE and additional containment strategies that should be adopted to minimize exposure risks.** **3. In the event of an equipment repair, outline the protocol a laboratory should follow before resuming patient specimen testing** **4. Explain the importance of using autoclave tape in sterilization processes.** **Ticket 20** **1. What is the main difference between a Chemical Fume Hood and a Biological Safety Cabinet?** **2. A laboratory introduces a new hematology analyzer. Describe the steps involved in verifying the manufacturer's performance claims, including any specific checks that might be necessary** **3. Why is it necessary to hold the micropipette at a 30-40° angle when dispensing liquid, and what might happen if this angle is not maintained?** **4. You are preparing to centrifuge a single 1 mL blood sample, but the sample is in a microtube that is too small for the standard rotor. How would you adapt to this situation?** **Ticket 21** **1. What is the purpose of an exposure control plan?** **2. What are some engineering controls used to minimize exposure to bloodborne pathogens?** **3. Why should laboratories validate new testing methods, even if the manufacturer provides performance claims? Provide an example of how lab-specific conditions could affect results** **4. Describe how you would handle a situation where you need to centrifuge a single tube containing a 5 mL blood sample** **Ticket 22** **1. Explain how an oxidizer, marked with the Flame Over Circle symbol, contributes to the intensification of a fire in a laboratory setting. What measures should be taken to safely store and handle oxidizers to reduce fire risk?** **2. What are the primary components of an exposure control plan for bloodborne pathogens according to OSHA standards?** **3. Discuss how improper balancing of a centrifuge can affect the integrity of the samples being processed. Provide an example to illustrate your point** **4. Explain the role of sterile tips in micropipetting and describe potential consequences if non-sterile tips are used in experiments involving microbial cultures.**