The Value of Animals to Humanity PDF

The Value of Animals to Humanity Learning objectives Describe the value of animal products in providing for the world's food supply Explain the current rates of growth or decline of animal products on a worldwide basis Give an overview of nonfood uses humans have for the world's anima...

The Value of Animals to Humanity Learning objectives Describe the value of animal products in providing for the world's food supply Explain the current rates of growth or decline of animal products on a worldwide basis Give an overview of nonfood uses humans have for the world's animals Explain how animals can used for human research Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Largest autonomous agency within the United Nations system FAO works to alleviate poverty and hunger by promoting agricultural development Based in Rome, Italy http://www.fao.org/home/en/  Per capita meat supply in pounds Supply/Cap/Yr (lbs) 300 279 259 250 203 200 150 125 100 93 50 9 0 Bangladesh World China Canada United States New Zealand Source: FAO, 2016 – adapted from W. Stephen Damron, 2018  World Meat Production (1,000 Metric Tons) 1995 2005 2010 2013 Meat, total 202,809 255,852 293,403 310,380 Pig meat 77,171 94,485 107,571 113,035 Chicken 46,525 70,169 87,372 96,121 meat Beef and 55,712 62,245 66,629 67,706 buffalo meat Sheep meat 7,211 8,049 8,145 8,589 Turkey meat 4,521 5,175 5,388 5,465 Source: FAO, 2016 – adapted from W. Stephen Damron, 2018  Relative contribution of the major meat species to world meat supplies Poultry increasing at large World meat supplies rates world wide Increase due to technology, genetics and management 7% Economic development in 22% 36% Pig All poultry countries Beef & buffalo All other meat 35% Source: FAO, 2016 – adapted from W. Stephen Damron, 2018 Edible by-products from animals Brain Pancreas Head meat Spleen Heart Stomach Intestines Tail Kidney Tallow Lips Testes Liver Tongue Lungs Udders  Milk and milk products Provides protein, energy, Percentage of world milk minerals and vitamins in diet supply Annual per capita whole milk 1% 1% equivalent consumption ranges from ~0 – 750 lbs 13% 2% Cow milk World milk production Buffalo milk Goat milk increasing by 2.5% per year Sheep milk Camel milk 83% Source: FAO, 2016 – adapted from W. Stephen Damron, 2018  World dairy product rankings 1. Cheese 2. Butter and ghee (clarified liquid butter) 3. Milk products, dry 4. Evaporated and condensed milk Source: FAO, 2016 – adapted from W. Stephen Damron, 2018  World egg production in metric tons 1990 2000 2010 2013 Hen eggs, in 35,072,829 51,045,852 64,162,191 68,262,486 shell Other bird 2,292,779 4,038,557 5,304,977 5,592,319 eggs, in shell Total 37,365,608 55,084,409 69,467,168 73,854,805 Chickens produce most of the eggs for human consumption Production increasing at ~2% per year Eggs are a great source of high-quality protein and fat Source: FAO, 2016 – adapted from W. Stephen Damron, 2018 Animal contributions of services and nonfood products Draft power – crop production, herding, transportation etc. Storage in animals – capital, grains Conservation – grazing, seed distribution Pest control – weeding and insects in crops Cultural uses – exhibitions and sports Fiber – wool, hair, feathers Wastes – fertilizer, fuel, methane gas Body coverings Sheep (wool, Persian lambskins) Goats (cashmere and mohair) Alpacas Renewable resource (harvested repeatedly from same animal) Skin and hides obtained at time of slaughter Power sources Draft animals In developing countries ~50% of the arable land is tilled by draft animals – Oxen – Donkeys – Horses – Mules – Camels Body wastes – manure and urine Fertilizer Fuel Sold Construction Urine – dust and pest control Pest and weed control Grazing benefits – Ducks in a rice field or irrigation canal – Hooves and snail-borne diseases Conservation Cultural uses of animals Exhibitions and spectator sports Companionship and service Social structure Human health research Average American life span increased by nearly 30 years in the 20th century Health research on animals played a major role Department example: Dr. Dhanansayan (Danu) Shanmuganayagam Pig models used in research with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) https://pbswisconsin.org/watch/university-place/pig-avatars- models-for-precision-medicine-eowyfa/ https://news.wisc.edu/nf1/ Human health research NIH grant to study impacts of antidepressants and breastfeeding on bone health Supplemental information https://ecals.cals.wisc.edu/2018/08/16/laura-hernandez- awarded-nih-grant-to-study-impacts-of-antidepressants-and- breastfeeding-on-bone-health/ Dr. Laura Hernandez  Contributions of agriculture to the Wisconsin economy in 2017 $104.8 billion to industrial sales 435,700 jobs $22.5 billion to labor income $2.9 billion in state and local tax revenues Steven Deller, Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, and the Center for Community Economic Development, University of Wisconsin—Madison  Dane County Ag Impact Adapted from The University of Wisconsin–Madison Division of Extension Learning objectives Describe the value of animal products in providing for the worlds food Explain the current rates of growth or decline of animal products on a worldwide basis Understand what is happening to world milk production Describe the value of eggs in feeding the worlds people Explain the value of animal products in the human diet Give an overview of nonfood uses humans have for the worlds animals Explain examples of animals used for human research Questions? Eric Ronk Animal Science Building, Room 285 Email: [email protected]