The Mandible PDF

The Mandible Oral and Dental Sciences 2 GDC Learning Outcomes 1.1.5 Describe relevant and appropriate dental, oral, craniofacial and general anatomy and explain their application to patient management 3 Intended learning outcomes By the...

The Mandible Oral and Dental Sciences 2 GDC Learning Outcomes 1.1.5 Describe relevant and appropriate dental, oral, craniofacial and general anatomy and explain their application to patient management 3 Intended learning outcomes By the end of this session, you will be able to: § Describe the main features of the mandible § List the main parts of the mandible § List the range of movement of the mandible. 4 Frontal View of Mandible Image Wikimedia Feb 2021 5 The Mandible § Forms the lower jaw § Single bone § Largest & strongest bone of the face § Is a horseshoe shaped bone § Made up of a horizontal body and a right and left ramus (rami-plural) § Is the only moveable bone of the skull § It articulates with the temporal bone via the Temperomandibular Joint (TMJ) § Serves as the attachment point for the various muscles, including the muscles of mastication. 6 Articulations of Mandible § Temporal bone of the skull through a movable synovial joint, the temporomandibular joint § Mandibular teeth articulate with those of the maxillary teeth 7 Image Britannica Feb 2021 8 Key parts of the Mandible D C D B § A - Body C § B - Ramus § C - Coronoid process B A E § D - Condyle § E - Alveolar process E A Image Anatomy Standard Website Feb 2021 9 Parts of the Mandible Body of the Mandible (B) § Horizontal portion § Anteriorly the right and left B bodies are fused in the midline to form a U shaped bone B Image Anatomy Standard Website Feb 2021 11 Coronoid Process (CP) CP CP § Sharp, beak like process anterior to the condyle § Insertion of temporalis muscle Image Anatomy Standard Website Feb 2021 12 Ramus (R) R R § Ascends vertically on each side from the posterior aspects of the body § Ramus is topped by 2 processes, the condyle and the coronoid process Image Anatomy Standard Website Feb 2021 13 Condyle (H) & (N) H H N N § Head (H): a roller shaped process which articulates with the reciprocally shaped mandibular fossa of the temporal bone § Neck (N): a bar of bone that supports the condyle Image Anatomy Standard Website Feb 2021 14 Alveolar Process of Mandible (AP) § Houses 8 teeth on each side § Consists of 2 plates of bone – AP facial (lateral) plate and lingual (medial) plate AP § Plates are joined by septa of bone Image Anatomy Standard Website Feb 2021 15 External Features of the Mandible Features of Mandible (external) § External oblique ridge § A ridge of bone that originates at the mental tubercle and sweeps upward & backwards to become the sharp anterior border of the vertical ramus Image Anatomy Standard Website Feb 2021 17 Features of Mandible (external) § Mental foraman § Located at midpoint of the inferior border and the alveolar crest in the region of the second premolar § Transmits the mental nerve and artery Image Anatomy Standard Website Feb 2021 18 Features of Mandible (external) § Mental protuberance (chin) – triangular elevation of bone § Mental tubercles – small elevations either side of mental protuberance Image Anatomy Standard Website Feb 2021 19 Internal Features of Mandible Features of the mandible (internal) § Digastric fossae § Small depressions on either side of the midline and reflect the bony origins of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle Image Anatomy Standard Website Feb 2021 21 Features of the mandible (internal) § Mental spine (genial tubercles) § Up to 4 separate spines or a single fused spine § The upper aspect of the spine is the origin of the genioglossus muscle § The lower aspect is the origin of the geniohyoid muscle Image Anatomy Standard Website Feb 2021 22 Features of the mandible (internal) § Mylohyoid ridge: § The origin of attachment for the mylohyoid muscle (floor of anterior part of mouth) Image Anatomy Standard Website Feb 2021 23 Features of the mandible (internal) § Submandibular fossa (SMF) S LF Site of submandibular salivary gland S LF SM SM F F § Sublingual fossa (SLF) Site of sublingual salivary gland Image Anatomy Standard Website Feb 2021 24 Features of the mandible (internal) § Mandibular (inferior dental) foramen § Oblique opening at the midpoint of the Lingula Lingula ramus of mandible § Lip of bone covering anterior edge lingula (challening for ID blocks) Mandibular Mandibular foramen foramen § Passage for inferior dental nerve & artery Image Anatomy Standard Website Feb 2021 25 Movement of the mandible 26 Useful links Maxilla Bone Location and Function Anatomy Lecture for Medical Students Learning – YouTube Mandible (anatomy) - YouTube SKELETAL SYSTEM ANATOMY: Mandible - YouTube 27 Break Time!