The Contemporary World Finals Reviewer PDF

The Contemporary World Finals Reviewer Food Access - access by IMPORTANCE households/individuals to adequate resources essential for avoiding seasonal or crisis-driven for acquiring appropriate foods for a fluctuations in food access, especially in nutritio...

The Contemporary World Finals Reviewer Food Access - access by IMPORTANCE households/individuals to adequate resources essential for avoiding seasonal or crisis-driven for acquiring appropriate foods for a fluctuations in food access, especially in nutritious diet. vulnerable regions. Food Availability - the availability of enough food of appropriate quality, supplied through Sustainability - Ensuring that current and domestic production or imports. future generations can meet their food needs Food Crisis - situation where acute food without depleting resources. insecurity requires urgent action to protect and save lives and livelihoods at local or KEY COMPONENTS national levels and exceeds the local resources Environmental Health - reducing pollution, and capacities to respond. conserving natural resources, and protecting Food Security - this exists when all people, at biodiversity. all times, have physical, social and economic Economic Viability - supporting fair and access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food resilient economic practices in food that meets their dietary needs and food production and distribution. preferences for an active and healthy life Social Equity - ensuring all communities (HLPE, 2020). have equitable access to nutritious food. Africa - 298.4M (20.4%) THREE PILLARS Asia - 384.5M (8.4%) Sustainability - conserving water, soil, and Latin America & The Caribbean - 41M ecosystems to support long-term food (6.2%) production. Oceania - 3.3M (7.3%) Economic Sustainability - developing robust agricultural economies that allow Global Challenge - over 700 million people farmers to earn a living wage and invest in suffer from hunger or food insecurity, sustainable practices. highlighting the urgent need for sustainable Social Sustainability - promoting equitable solutions. access to food resources, fair labor practices, Stability - refers to the reliability and and community resilience. resilience of food supplies and access over time. 4 DIMENSIONS OF FOOD SECURITY Availability FACTORS AFFECTING STABILITY Access Climate Variability Utilization Political Conflict Stability Economic Shocks Social Disruptions TYPES OF FOOD INSECURITY Chronic Food Insecurity - Long-term or persistent lack of access to food. The Contemporary World Finals Reviewer Acute Food Insecurity - Short-term or STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE temporary crises that limit access to food FOOD SECURITY (often caused by disasters or conflicts). Innovative Agricultural Practices - CONCEPTS OF FOOD SECURITY Climate-smart agriculture, regenerative Food Justice - advocates for fair access to farming, and precision agriculture. healthy food, addressing disparities caused by Policy and Governance - Global socioeconomic factors. cooperation, fair trade policies, and support Agroecology - integrates ecological and for local agriculture. social principles into agricultural systems for Technological Advancements - sustainable food production. Development of drought-resistant crops, Resilience in Food Systems - building improved irrigation systems, and waste capacity in food systems to adapt to reduction technologies. environmental, economic, and social shocks. Community-Based Solutions - Encouraging Food Sovereignty - emphasizes the right of local food production, community gardens, people to define their own food systems, and nutrition education. often promoting local and traditional food Global Cities - major urban centers that have production systems. significant impact on global affairs in terms of economy, culture, politics, and social SIX PILLARS dynamics. Focuses on food for people Values food provider 5 DIMENSIONS TO RANK CITIES Localize food systems Business Activity Puts control locally Human Capital Builds knowledge and skills Information Exchange Works with nature Cultural Experience Political Engagement CHALLENGES TO ACHIEVING FOOD SECURITY COMPETITIVENESS IS ASSESSED Climate Change - Disrupts agricultural THROUGH: productivity and food availability. Economic Strength Resource Scarcity - Limited water, arable Human Capital land, and other resources stress food systems. Institutional Effectiveness Economic Inequality - Economic barriers Financial Maturity limit access to food in marginalized Global Appeal communities. Physical Capital Conflict and Political Instability - War and Social and Cultural Characters unrest can cut off food supplies and displace Environmental and Natural Hazards communities. The Contemporary World Finals Reviewer Mori Memorial Foundation’s Institute for there are not enough economic opportunities, Urban Strategies publishes the Global Power while aging populations may push City Index (GPCI). This index ranks cities governments to make difficult policy based on a comprehensive range of criteria, decisions regarding pensions and social focusing on six key dimensions: welfare. Economy Research and Development 5 BIG DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS Cultural Interaction Population Aging Livability Urbanization Environment Migration and Displacement Accessibility Fertility Decline Youth Bulge Demography - the scientific study of populations, specifically focusing on their Socrates claimed that “the world” was his structure, size, distribution, and how they country of origin. change over time. Fertility Rate - The average number of A century later, Diogenes the Cynic or children born to a woman over her lifetime. Diogenes of Sinope, a Greek philosopher and Mortality Rate - The number of deaths in a one of the founders of Cynicism, declared population, typically measured per 1,000 himself a ‘citizen of the world’. individuals per year. Migration - The movement of people from Global - means that something extends one area to another, often affecting beyond the borders of a nation state population size and cultural composition. Citizenship - concerns mutual relations and Destiny - refers to demographic factors that expectations between an individual citizen and are largely influenced by biology, geography, the society in which he/she lives or historical patterns, such as birth rates or Global Citizenship - refers to the the natural aging process of populations. recognition and understanding that individuals Choice - highlights the role of human are part of a worldwide community, decisions in shaping demographic trends. interconnected and interdependent. WHY DEMOGRAPHY MATTERS 5 TYPES OF CONNECTION Economic Impact - A country with a Common Humanity growing young population may experience a Global Interconnectedness demographic dividend, leading to economic Links Between Issues growth through an expanding workforce. Immediate Environment Social Policies - Population shifts inform the Links Between Current and Previous need for policies around housing, education, Learning and infrastructure. Political Stability - Large youth populations can sometimes lead to political instability if The Contemporary World Finals Reviewer TYPES OF GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP in regular travel, communication, and financial Political support. Moral Economic CHARACTERISTICS Cultural Frequent Communication - Migrants stay connected with family and friends via ETHICAL OBLIGATIONS technology. Promoting Human Rights Remittances - Sending money back to family members in the home country, which can Advancing Social Justice contribute significantly to local economies. Environmental Stewardship Dual Loyalties - Maintaining cultural, social, Fostering Peace and Conflict and economic ties to both origin and Resolution destination countries. Civic Engagement Circular Migration - Moving repeatedly between countries (e.g., seasonal workers). BENEFITS Enhanced Empathy Impact of Migration on the Home Sense of Purpose Country: Global Learning Economic Impact - Remittances are a major Realignment of Values source of foreign exchange and contribute to Global Community local economic stability. Social Impact - Family dynamics change as Global Migration - Movement of people parents migrate for work, influencing from one country or region to another across children’s upbringing and social development. borders, often influenced by economic, social, political, and environmental factors. Impact of Global Migration on Destination Countries: IMPORTANCE Economic Impact - Provides a labor force in Helps policymakers, communities, and key industries (agriculture, healthcare, organizations to develop supportive construction). Increases economic programs and adapt to demographic productivity and diversity. changes. Social and Cultural Impact - Benefit: Enriches cultural diversity, leading to Push Factors - Conditions that drive people a multicultural society. to leave their home country. Challenges: integration, language barriers, and Pull Factors - Conditions that attract people social tensions. to a new location. Transnational migration - refers to people moving across borders but maintaining active ties with their home country, often engaging