Global Demography: Demographic Transition PDF

# Global Demography ## The Theory of Demographic Transition ### Demography The statistical study of human populations, especially with reference to size and density, distribution, and vital statistics. ### Global Demography The study of the issues and developments of the global population. ##...

# Global Demography ## The Theory of Demographic Transition ### Demography The statistical study of human populations, especially with reference to size and density, distribution, and vital statistics. ### Global Demography The study of the issues and developments of the global population. ## Demographic Transition - A theory explaining population changes over time. - Divided into stages based on fertility and mortality rates. - **Fertility Rate** - the number of births in a population. - **Mortality Rate** - the number of deaths in a population. ## Stages of Demographic Transition - Stage 1 - High Stationary - Stage 2 - Early Expanding - Stage 3 - Late Expanding - Stage 4 - Low Stationary - Stage 5 - Declining Population ## Stage 1 - High Stationary - High birth rates due to lack of birth control and agricultural needs. - High death rates due to disease, famine, and poor healthcare. - Minimal population growth. The image accompanying the text is a population pyramid graphic. It shows a very narrow base and a wider top. This is consistent with a stationary population stage. ## Stage 2 - Early Expanding - Death rates decline sharply due to improvements in food supply, sanitation, and medicine. - Birth rates remain high. - Rapid population growth. The image accompanying text is a population pyramid graphic. It shows a very wide base and a narrower top. This is consistent with an expanding population stage. ## Stage 3 - Late Expanding - Birth rates begin to decline due to access to contraception, improved women's status, and urbanization. - Death rates remain low. - Population growth slows. The image accompanying text is a population pyramid graphic. It shows a wider base, and the top remains narrow. This is consistent with a slowly expanding population stage. ## Stage 4 - Low Stationary - Stable population growth with low birth and death rates. - Reflects high economic development and healthcare. - Typical in developed countries. The image accompanying text is a population pyramid graphic. It shows a very narrow base and the top almost reaching the same width. This is consistent with a stationary population stage. ## Stage 5 - Declining Population - Birth rates fall below replacement level. - Aging population dominates. The image accompanying text is a population pyramid graphic. It shows that age groups closer to the middle of the graphic have more members. This suggests a decline in the birth rate and an aging population. ## Summary - High-fertility countries experience rapid growth, while low-fertility countries face aging populations. - Demographic transition provides insights into global population trends. - It highlights the role of economic and social development in shaping population dynamics. - The model emphasizes the need for sustainable planning. - These slides present a basic overview of demographic transition, a process of population change. They describe the five stages of this model, which are characterized by different birth and death rates. - The slides illustrate each stage with population pyramid graphics that show the distribution of age groups between men and women. - Slides are not included in this response.