systemic bacteriology I.pdf

systemic bacteriology I 20/10/23, 12:00 AM systemic bacteriology I Key bacterial features Shapes • • • • • Coccus/Cocci: spheres Bacillus/Bacilli: rod shaped Vibrio: slightly curved rod, gram-negative Spirillum: rigid spiral bacterium Spirochaete: flexible spiral bacterium Defensive structures...

systemic bacteriology I 20/10/23, 12:00 AM systemic bacteriology I Key bacterial features Shapes • • • • • Coccus/Cocci: spheres Bacillus/Bacilli: rod shaped Vibrio: slightly curved rod, gram-negative Spirillum: rigid spiral bacterium Spirochaete: flexible spiral bacterium Defensive structures • • Spore: inert structures, resistant to physical and chemical challenge Capsule: outermost layer found in many bacteria, usually made of polysaccharides Toxin • Promotes infection and disease by directly damaging host tissues and disabling the immune system Aerobes and anaerobes • • • • Aerobic: grow in oxygen Obligate aerobes: require oxygen Obligate anaerobes: killed by oxygen Facultative anaerobes: tolerate oxygen Identification of bacteria • Selective media: presence of specific substances permits the growth of one organism over another • Differential media: incorporation of chemicals produces visible changes in colonies that facilitates identification • • • Metabolic profiling: uses biochemical characteristics e.g. utilization of carbon sources Serological tests: use an antibody-antigen interaction to help identify bacteria DNA technology - genome sequencing ◦ ◦ • PCR: amplification of a section of genome MLST: entire genome sequencing MALDI-TOF: produces a characteristic signature based on the generation of ions from a sample (dependent on constituent proteins) https://galvanized-borogovia-4fa.notion.site/systemic-bacteriology-I-5b7e30484b1740568b1f64175c331673 Page 1 of 2 systemic bacteriology I https://galvanized-borogovia-4fa.notion.site/systemic-bacteriology-I-5b7e30484b1740568b1f64175c331673 20/10/23, 12:00 AM Page 2 of 2