Study Guide for CV Exam 2022.pdf

Study Guide for Cardiovascular Exam (2022) 1. Describe the similarities and differences of the four main types of diuretics medications in terms of mechanism, effectiveness and adverse effects. What are the therapeutic uses of diuretics? Name a major drug for each category. 2. What would the nurse n...

Study Guide for Cardiovascular Exam (2022) 1. Describe the similarities and differences of the four main types of diuretics medications in terms of mechanism, effectiveness and adverse effects. What are the therapeutic uses of diuretics? Name a major drug for each category. 2. What would the nurse need to assess prior to giving the first dose of a diuretic. What should the nurse teach a patient who is going to start taking a diuretic medication? 3. Review the basic mechanism of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. 4. Explain the similarities and differences between ACE inhibitors and ARBs. Name a major drug for each type. 5. Describe the two major categories of calcium channel blockers, and how their uses differ because of the difference. 6. Vasodilators are a major group of medications. What are the therapeutic uses for vasodilators? 7. What is the main antihypertensive agent usually used in emergencies? 8. Name the lifestyle risk factors for hypertension. Describe a specific suggestion to help decrease that risk which could be included in a teaching plan. 9. Compliance for anti-hypertension medications is frequently poor. List three factors for this and three ways to improve compliance. 10. Understand the basic process for determining treatment for high blood pressure based on the latest JNC recommendations. 11. Name the categories of drugs used to treat blood pressure, and recognize one example from each one. 12. What does the term inotropic mean? Why should the nurse be cautious if a patient recently prescribed digoxin complains of nausea and a loss of appetite? 13. Why are antidysrhythmic drugs now less frequently prescribed? What is a major side effect of all antidysrhythmic drugs? 14. Explain the mechanism of action of nitroglycerin, its use, major side effects, and important considerations for the drug. 15. Explain the main change with regard to prescribing statin medications based on the new guidelines. Know the actions, uses, and adverse effects for the statin drugs; and recognize one drug from each of the other categories 16. Know the terms anticoagulant, antiplatelet, thrombolytic, erythropoetic, and leukopoetic; and a specific drug to match each category. 17. How does heparin and warfarin differ, and how do they compare to enoxaparin? What is the antagonist for heparin? What is the antagonist for warfarin? Identify other drugs used from this overall drug category. 18. How are iron deficiency, B12 deficiency, and folic acid deficiency treated?