Student Lecture 1- BISC 308 2024 (2).pdf

Welcome to Bisc 308 Environmental Toxicology: An Ecological Perspective Land Acknowledgement Dr. Vicki Marlatt...

Welcome to Bisc 308 Environmental Toxicology: An Ecological Perspective Land Acknowledgement Dr. Vicki Marlatt I respectfully acknowledge the Indigenous peoples on whose unceded traditional territories Simon Fraser University campuses reside: – xʷməθkʷəy̓əm (Musqueam), – Sḵwx̱wú7mesh Úxwumixw (Squamish), – səl̓ilw̓ətaʔɬ (Tsleil-Waututh), – q̓íc̓əy̓ (Katzie), – kʷikʷəƛ̓əm (Kwikwetlem), – Qayqayt, – Kwantlen, – Semiahmoo and – Tsawwassen 1 2 Bisc 308 Prerequisite: BISC 101, BISC 102, BISC 204 (C- or >) or permission of the Introductions: Dr. V. L. Marlatt department Time: Lectures: Tues 10:30-11:20 am C9000 Thurs 9:30-11:20 am C9000 -created exam for like 1 hour sized. (Tuesday, Oct. 15 no lecture and tutorials instead) Exams – in person during Thursday time slot Faculty: Dr. Vicki Marlatt, Professor of Environmental Toxicology and Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, SFU Office: SSB 6151 Office hours: Tuesday 11:40-12:40 pm or by appointment Tutorials: in-person with Teaching Assistant Sofia Ahmed Monday 1:30, 2:30 or 3:30 Tutorials: start NEXT th (week of Sept. 9 ) (Monday, Oct. 14 campus closed---tutorials moved to Tuesday Oct.15) 4 3  Teaching Experience Research Interests like estrogen & testostrone fish downstream of sex steroids responsible compounds? pulp and paper mill gonad size mechanism of action? effluent delayed sexual maturity non exposed exposed white sucker fish fish collected upstream & downstream with smaller ovaries cuz of the mill effluent seeing the endocrine distruptor. seeing pop lower. see liver size, gamete size, body length 5 6 in her lab Pulp Mill Effluent Affects Endocrine Control of Reproduction Marlatt Lab Research Brain GnRH Environmental toxicology Molecular toxicology Pituitary - took this picture Endocrine disruption FSH & LH Sub-lethal effects Gonad reproduction and growth commonly measured to diagonize on wildlife +/- Estradiol Testosterone 7 8  Student Introductions Bisc 308 Course Objectives Upon successful completion of this course, students should be able to: Describe the major classes of environmental toxicants/pollutants in air, land and water. evaluating data that measure adverse effects on ecosystem Explain the chemical properties that determine the fate and transport of environmental toxicants in the environment. chemical in air move across border require lots of government regulation Evaluate data derived from the measures used to determine the effects of environmental toxicants at the population, community and ecosystem levels of biological organization. Integrate the knowledge acquired throughout the course to discuss current global environmental pollution issues, and their SFU Safety Procedures consequences at the population, community and ecosystem level. call 911 if using phone in classroom and request police/fire/ambulance (SFU security also 9 10 notified) Bisc 308 Evaluation Recommended In-Person Exams (45% total) Readings: Midterm Exam I, Oct. 3 15% MC, short answer, longer answer available at SFU Midterm Exam II, Oct. 31 15% NO ESSAY!! Midterm Exam III, Nov. 28 15% bookstore Written Assignments (55% total) Introduction to Environmental Toxicology: comprised of 3 assignments total: - have first posted afternoon tomorrow! Go to tutorial to get help. Molecular Substructures to Ecological Landscapes, Fifth Edition. assignment #1, Sept. 25: 15% astraightforward. given science paper to read, have questions about Authors: Wayne Landis, Ruth Sofield, Ming- paper -> helping guide use how to assess scientific paper, what is objectiveHo Yu. assignment #2, Oct. 23: 15% Published By: CRC Press assignment #3, Dec. 3: 25% final assignment Published In: 2017 Late penalty for assignments is 10% per day (5% if less than 24 h past due date) ISBN: 9781498750424 Additional materials will be provided by There is no final exam during the exam period – all midterms will occur during instructor. Thursday lectures during class time. 3 discrete midterms, focusing on lecture material, notice many terms have to remember, due to overlap, not gonna forget these no so focused on memory, more comprehensive. Exams will consist of various formats (i.e. multiple choice, short answer and essay type questions). 11 12 Recommended Lecture Format Readings: Lectures: available as e-book via – Slides posted on canvas SFU library – Basis of testable material is covered in lectures from textbook, journals, videos and other assigned readings/resources – Some notes based on lectures will be provided electronically Ecotoxicology All topics and details discussed in lecture are testable unless prefaced with Written By: Jorgensen, Erik ‘not testable’ Published By: Academic Press – Bring a pen and paper or use your laptop to take additional notes Published In: 2010 MIL EAN/ISBN: 9781282880009 – Some active learning required – Any and all questions welcome Additional materials will be provided by instructor. – Missed lectures are student’s responsibility some definitions vary from textbook Lectures are recorded (audio and powerpoint presentations) -> use this book when in doubt Meet your colleagues in tutorial so you have a contact and a new friend ☺ 13 14 Tutorial Policies and Other Course Information Tutorials - they are optional. place to ask questions about lecture material + assignments! wont get the answer, but talk to see if on right track. 1) Exams missed require the following procedures to be followed or a make-up may not be allowed: – Questions/discussions and review of materials a) Notification by phone/email prior to exam time. covered in lectures b) A valid excuse (e.g. social event, work, job/volunteer interview is not acceptable). c) A documented (medical Dr.’s certificate) medical excuse will be required for – Assistance/instructions for assignments missed exams. d) Exams can only be written at a different time from the class under extenuating – Practice exam questions circumstances. - similar to what u will have on exam! she will give insight how she create exam questions - these midterms small amount of material, must review 2) Students disrupting lectures will be asked to leave. Tutorials start the week of Sept. 9th (next week) Disruptive behaviours include inappropriate use of laptops and cell phones PUT CELL PHONES AWAY AND ON SILENT (NO RING AND NO VIBRATE) – Teaching Assistant: NO PHOTOS allowed Sofia Ahmed, MET Candidate, Marlatt/Kennedy lab 3) Course material and other important information missed due to student absence, for any reason, is the student's responsibility. 15 PLEASE TURN OFF ALL CELL PHONES AND INTERNET BROWSERS DURING LECTURE. 16  Policies and Other Course Information Plagiarism is a serious academic offence assignment: ask what is objective of this paper. just paraphrase for assignment!! AND must cite it! Plagiarism Plagiarism is the copying or presentation of any written, verbal or pictorial work, or idea of another individual in such a manner that it conveys to another person that it is the work or idea of the presenter. Plagiarism is a serious academic offence. Penalties for plagiarism include receiving a grade of zero on the 4) All SFU policies apply. Student misconduct, which includes, but is not limited to: submitted work, an NC for course grade and/or expulsion from the University. plagiarism, cheating and disrupting the learning environment will not be tolerated. It is the responsibility of the student to be aware as to what does or does not constitute plagiarism, although common examples of plagiarism are indicated below. (i) The use of material received or purchased from another person or prepared by any person other than 5) Disabilities: If you have a disability that interferes with your learning, I encourage the individual claiming to be the author. you to discuss it with me after class or during office hours AND see an access advisor It is not plagiarism to use work developed in the context of a group exercise if the use or presentation of the from the Centre for Students with Disabilities to discuss accommodating services work has been specifically authorized. However submission of the same report by individual members of a which are available. group project is plagiarism unless it has been authorized in which case the names of all authors should be included on the report, even if the reports are submitted individually. (ii) The verbatim or near verbatim use of material without citation The use of quotations is generally limited to oral quotes in scientific writing and extensive non oral quotations from published sources is plagiarism even when cited. (iii) The paraphrasing of oral or written material without adequate citation. PLEASE TURN OFF ALL CELL PHONES AND INTERNET BROWSERS DURING LECTURE. 17 18 - dates not gonna change Tentative Lecture Schedule: Tentative Lecture Schedule: (Monday, Oct. 14 campus closed---tutorials moved to Tuesday Oct.15 so no lecture Oct. 15) Plagiarism is a serious academic offence Paraphrasing When paraphrasing, it is expected that the student modify the writing substantially from the original work or it also constitutes plagiarism. The following passage was taken from: Mader S.S. (2006) Inquiry into Life 11th ed. McGraw Hill, Toronto p 299 Pregnant women who smoke endanger the health and lives of their unborn babies. When a pregnant women smokes, she really is smoking for two because the nicotine, carbon monoxide and other dangerous chemicals in smoke enter her bloodstream and pass into the baby’s body. Smoking mothers have more stillborns and babies of lower birth weight than non smoking mothers. The following paraphrasing of the above would considered plagiarism A pregnant woman who smokes endangers her unborn baby because she is really smoking for two. The nicotine, carbon monoxide and other dangerous chemicals in the cigarette smoke enter her bloodstream and pass into the baby resulting in increased number of stillborns. Smoking mothers also have babies of lower birth weight than non smoking mothers. The following paraphrasing of the above would not be considered plagiarism Cigarette smoke contains nicotine, carbon monoxide and other dangerous chemicals, such as formaldehyde (Mader 2006; Johnstone et al. 1962). When a pregnant woman smokes, these chemicals pass through the placental barrier, enter the baby’s bloodstream and affect the health, and potentially the life, of the unborn child she is carrying. The incidence of stillborn babies, low birth weight and premature babies is greatly increased in mothers who smoke when compared to non smokers (Mader 2006; Pollack et al. 2000). 19 20  The Evolution of Toxicology Environmental Toxicology venom snake, poisons flowers Art of poisoning Science of preventing poisoning Proper use of chemicals and mixtures to: Brief definition….we will build on this Kill or harm Study of adverse effects of pollutants upon the Establish safe limits of exposure so no harm 2 categories HAZARD ID & RISK structure and function of ecological systems Health Canada to assess chemical ASSESSMENT: Environment Climate Change Canada 1. Human include to individual organism effect & ecosystem effect 2. Ecological ex. asbestos cause tumours, cardiac -> happen after 20 years OECD (Environmental) ex. Cleopatra using venom snake to suicide 21 22 adverse = harmful Toxicology different human, wildlife environment toxicology use analytical chemistry, must identify the chemical Study of adverse effects of chemical/physical agents on living organisms understand sources, like from smoke sack environmental media non human organisms inhale Study of adverse effects of pollutants concentration upon the structure and function of ecological systems which organ chemical is reaching higher the dose of chemical = more severe and higher the adverse effect adverse It’s the dose that makes the poison Paracelsus (1493-1541) 23 24 - not always true for some chemicals multidisciplinary Multiple experts required! 25 26 Reference: Introduction to Env. Toxicol. Wayne Landis, Ruth Sofield, Ming-Ho Yu. CRC Press. 2017. ISBN: 9781498750424 10 Minute Health Break… 27