Stigma in Health PDF

2/13/24 Pre-Class Survey Experiences and Attitudes of Health Professionals Toward Addiction and Substance Use https://redcap.link/hdy4z27f 1 Stigma is a Fundamental Cause of Health Inequities & Worsens Health Outcomes Stuart T Haines, PharmD, BCPS, BCACP Professor and Director, Pharmacy Professional...

2/13/24 Pre-Class Survey Experiences and Attitudes of Health Professionals Toward Addiction and Substance Use https://redcap.link/hdy4z27f 1 Stigma is a Fundamental Cause of Health Inequities & Worsens Health Outcomes Stuart T Haines, PharmD, BCPS, BCACP Professor and Director, Pharmacy Professional Development 2 Learning Objectives State the four key attributes of stigma Identify populations and diseases that are commonly stigmatized in the United States, including health professionals in the U.S. Describe the potential consequence of stigma and how stigma contributes to poor health outcomes Use person first language and avoid stigmatizing words when communicating with patients and health professional colleagues 3 1 2/13/24 What is Stigma? Stigma has four key elements Distinguishing and labeling differences between people Separating people with different attributes into “us” and “them” (i.e. stereotyping) Judging certain differences as positive/negative attributes The labeled persons have status loss and, therefore, it’s OK to treat them differently (i.e. discriminate) 4 Distinguishing and Labeling Not all human attributes are distinguished and labeled We pay attention to some differences... but not others We don’t have words (labels) for some differences And we may have a word for a difference but we don’t put much weight on it (e.g. the difference isn’t viewed as an important attribute) THINK-PAIR-SHARE (2 minutes): Working with your neighbor, make a list of 3 human attributes and determine if there is a label to describe that attribute and whether our society deems the attribute “important” 5 Distinguishing and Labeling Let’s Debrief 6 2 2/13/24 Distinguishing and Labeling Here are some attributes about humans that are different. Do people with the attribute have a label? Is the attribute “judged” (positive or negative) in our society? Skin color Geographic place of family origin Number of hairs in the nasal cavity Eye color Food aversions Blood pressure Weight / body size 7 Status Loss and Discrimination Status Loss Individuals in the labeled group are seen as having lower social standing (when compared to some other labeled group or groups) Discrimination occurs at multiple levels Individual - people behave differently to those in the labeled group (e.g. different treatment / opportunities) Structural - institutional rules and policies advantage/ disadvantage people in labeled groups that limit opportunities, resources, and well-being 8 Think-Pair-Share What are some examples in health care where a labeled group is treated differently (advantaged or disadvantaged)? Working with your neighbor, make a list of 3 groups or diseases that you believe are given “more favorable” or “less favorable” treatment. Is this difference due to individual or structural discrimination? (3 min) 9 3 2/13/24 Favored and Unfavored People or Diseases Let’s Debrief 10 Commonly Stigmatized Health Conditions Stigmatized Condition Prevalence in Population Mental Health 46.4% (lifetime) 138 million HIV/AIDS