SPL 1.1 Laboratory Apparatuses and Lab Safety.pdf

Common Laboratory Apparatuses and their Uses Glasswares A. As Containers The BEAKER is The ERLENMEYER used to HOLD FLASK is for holding and liquids and measuring approximately serves to make liquid samples, but it can...

Common Laboratory Apparatuses and their Uses Glasswares A. As Containers The BEAKER is The ERLENMEYER used to HOLD FLASK is for holding and liquids and measuring approximately serves to make liquid samples, but it can APPROXIMATE also be used to mix, heat measurements of and boil chemicals. liquid volumes. The FLORENCE FLASK The TEST TUBE (Boiling Flask) is used as is used as a a container to hold solutions of chemicals. container for The round bottom is for various materials. uniform heating and ease of swirling.  The REAGENT BOTTLE is a glass The VOLUMETRIC container used to FLASK is used in the HOLD or store preparation of solutions liquid chemicals. to a known volume.  B. To dispense chemicals A ME to t A PIPETTE is used to A glass tube used measure small especially for accurate amounts of solution fluid dispensing and very accurately. It is measurement is called usually used with a a BURET/BURETTE. rubber bulb. A MEDICINE DROPPER is used to transfer small amounts of liquid solutions.  Measuring Tools pan beams A TRIPLE BEAM BALANCE is used to measure the mass of an object. base  Measuring Tools The GRADUATED CYLINDER is used to ACCURATELY measure A device that is used to liquid volume. measure temperature is called a THERMOMETER. A SPRING BALANCE is used to A pH METER is an measure the electronic instrument used force and A RULER and METER to measure the pH (acidity weight of an STICK measure length. or alkalinity) of a liquid. object.  Other Tools and Devices For heating Bunsen burner Alcohol lamp  Other Tools and Devices The TONGS are used The UTILITY clamp is An apparatus used for grasping and lifting used to hold large test in holding the test hot vessels/materials. tube or florence flask. The C CLAMP is used for tubes is the TEST gripping variously shaped TUBE HOLDER. work pieces in varying positions.  Other Tools and Devices A metal tool attached to a ring stand to HOLD a single burette, test tube, flask or thermometer is called a BURETTE CLAMP or BUTTERFLY CLAMP.. The RING CLAMP (iron ring) is used a A SEPARATORY FUNNEL is support to other used to separate components laboratory materials. of mixture between two immiscible solvent phases of DIFFERENT densities.  Other Tools and Devices A laboratory apparatus used to protect chemicals which The TEST TUBE RACK is used to hold test tubes are HYGROSCOPIC or while reactions happen in them or while they are not which react with water from needed. humidity is called a DESICCATOR.  Other Tools and Devices The CRUCIBLE is a heat-resistant container in which materials can be The IRON STAND https://tse4.mm.bing.net/th?id=OI rod P.d5saF43OiIyxxM78-cti8wHaFb heated to very HIGH is to hold or &pid=Api&P=0&h=180 temperatures. support glassware during experiments. The MORTAR & PESTLE are for crushing and grinding substances. base  Other Tools and Devices The EVAPORATING DISH is used for heating things over a burner. The TEST TUBE BRUSH is used to clean the inside part of a test tube. The STIRRING ROD is used to mix liquids in flasks or beaker.  Other Tools and Devices A laboratory equipment used to limit a person’s exposure to hazardous and/or unpleasant fumes is the FUME The WASH BOTTLE is HOOD. used to rinse glassware in the Chemistry laboratory. Note: It is NOT used to rinse your eyes!  Laboratory Set-ups Heating Set-up Filtration Set-up Wire gauze- A fine mesh of thin wires Funnel with filter woven closely paper containing together used to residue support the beakers, flasks or other glassware Mixture to be during heating filtered Tripod- used as platform to support Receiving vessel glassware burner with filtrate  For distillation thermometer condenser Distilling flask with mixture Receiving flask Summary: The science laboratory contains tools, equipment, or device grouped according to general use or kind of material by which they are made. Each tool, device or equipment has a corresponding use. Laboratory Safety Rules and Safety Equipment Laboratory Safety Rules and Safety Equipment Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) As part of laboratory safety, one must wear the proper laboratory attire. goggles mask Laboratory gown gloves  Eating, drinking, and smoking are STRICTLY PROHIBITED in the Long hair should be tied back. laboratory at all times. EYE WASH – use when chemicals come in contact with your eyes. Wash from the nose out to the ear, and flood eyes and eyelids with water for 15 minutes. Cover with clean/sterile gauze afterwards. SAFETY SHOWER – used if there are large amounts of chemical spill/splash to the skin/clothing  FIRE EXTINGUISHER – operates for about 10 seconds. You must get close to the fire 5 to 6 ft. Think P.A.S.S. P – pull the pin A – aim the hose at the base of the fire FIRE SAFETY BLANKET – to S - squeeze the handle extinguish clothing that is burning. Keep shock victims S – sweep the hose back warm. NOTE: NEVER wrap a and forth. standing student in a blanket. This creates a “chimney effect”, which brings the fire directly to the student’s face. Maintain a clean, neat and orderly workplace. Wash hands before and after every experiment. Clean broken glass and corrosive liquid spills on the floor immediately. x Never mouth pipette anything in the laboratory.  Know the proper way of disposing solid and liquid wastes in the laboratory.  Emergency procedure and first aid measures For Fires For Clothes on Fire Small fires Use wet towels or sand. Paper fire Push the paper into the laboratory sink and turn on water. Building on fire Keep calm; go to the nearest fire exit.  Eye Irritation from SKIN CUTS different chemicals Use tap water. Apply 2% solution of NaHCO3 (for ACIDS) or saturated Solution of Boric Acid (other solutions). Cover with dry sterile gauze. Wash with water. Press blood from the For Fainting wound. Apply tincture of iodine Let the victim lie down (for fresh wound only). with head in level with Cover with sterile his body. gauze or medicated Loosen victim’s tight band-aid. clothing. Use aromatic spirit of ammonia.  ACID burns ALKALI burns Use running water. Use a large amount of Apply saturated water. solution of Apply 5% solution acetic NaHCO for 20 acid. 3 Apply boric minutes. ointment/petroleum jelly. Wash with water. Cover with sterile Minor burns gauze. Use COLD water. Apply boric Heat burns ointment or sterile Use water. petroleum jelly. Apply Vaseline burnt ointment. If these safety measures are RELIGIOUSLY followed, the laboratory will NOT be a dangerous place.  Why do I need to follow safety rules in the laboratory? How important is the wearing of Reflection PPE especially by doctors and questions health workers?