Spirochetes.pdf

spiralshaped i btwn inner outermembrane givespiralshape corkscrewshape internalflagella yellowflagellaanchored at polesends very motile turn syphilis dental carvies lavities causeinfections in humans vetinfections lymedisease extracellularpathogens do not invadereplicate in hostcells fastiduouscan N...

spiralshaped i btwn inner outermembrane givespiralshape corkscrewshape internalflagella yellowflagellaanchored at polesends very motile turn syphilis dental carvies lavities causeinfections in humans vetinfections lymedisease extracellularpathogens do not invadereplicate in hostcells fastiduouscan Notmake their own aminoacids fattyacidsnucleotidesforDNARNA remodelOSP outersurfaceproteins to invade antibodyclearance avoidinnate acquired ofafewthat q g segmentedgenome linearNOTcircularchromosomes more similar tohumans than Otherbatteria linear Circularplasmids containvirulencefactors 1 3megabase ly E coli smallgenomesize losegenes mustscavengefrom environment lackof iron resistantto oxidants getfattyacidsfromgrowth mediaor host Lyme Heart last 648 similar tomosquitorelapsingfeu emore minutes wild 88999 b 72hrtickattachmentto hostto transmitdisease bacteria in gutof tick blood meal migrateto saliva then salivate chemicalsinto bite site acquireinfectionalma fringediately hard bod miyamotoicarriedbysame tick that carriesLyme disease softbo LymeDisease femaletick upto2,000999 larval Not infected w Borrelia feed onrodentsbirds transmitinfection that are reservior seed of nymphsize tick size poppy bite on scalp Offe lavveacquire bacteria goesunnoticed humans3dogs accidentalhosts humansdogs cannotpass bacteria on to new tick rash bullseye Belly'sPalsy Endocarditis missedin peopleofcolor DXdelayed fromtravelto endemicarea Inoutheast or Midwest usetweezersforcepsto remove donotburnor put Vaselineon hypostome calcified harpoonstructure makes itdifficultto mouthparts of tick can remain w salivaryglands 4761000claimsyear as ofrecent morethanHIV causelongterm morbidity arriveswoodareas rowingw warmer temps 2primaryvectors upperMidwestNortheast westcoasti caliup toorgan mostcases in non endemicareas dueto travel confirmatory DXcan not begiven untiloneproduces antibodiesagainst thebacteria throughserology ifsymptomatic doNOTknow littledetails if phase I comes backpositiv softbodytick ornithodoros 2vector humanbodylouse fed softbodyfeedrapidlybutsmall meals un fed spiralbacteria insalivaryglands rapidtransmission LymeDisease 48hr5 RelapsingFever 15set incubation veryhigh bacteria butno lipopolysaccharide LPS or endotoxin to causesepticshock day5 6 spike in ofbacteriainblood µ drip tibodyclearbacteriafrombloodfever clear bacteriadoantigenicswitchchange outersurfaceprotein affrahki bodies relapsing fever in Pt w current fever Fforantibodies The in Atlanta dospecificserology test LBRF louse born relapsingfever ininfectiononcediscoveredsourceashumanbody louse tick bornerelapsingfever WWI mostdeathsfrombacterialinfectionsespbodylouse rickettsia west southwest 1from soft body tick ticksattracted tocarbondioxide sleep FlatheadLakein Montanaa Sub Saharan Africa softbody tick mud hutsw dictfloors sleeponfloor1rodentnests ticks attracted to CO2insleep esp inAfrica similar to malaria protozoanparasite eukaryotic plasmodium butthis TXhaveno effect on RFbacteria SX overlapsometimesco infection protein synthesisinhibitor targetcell wall samew amoxicillin proteinSynthesisinhibitor spiralshaped of STIs treponemapallidum is leadcause obligateparasite canONLYlive insidehost smallgenomefastidious nutrients f Challenging togrow in lab chemical solid media hardto determine virulencefactors co culture with rabbitepithelial cells infectionmodelsw rabbits in 3rdleadingcause of STD U.S causedby T Pallidum overallincreaseeachyear annually knowthesestages seelesionresolvethen think they'refind butdiseasebacteriapersist most contagious vash drill like bacteria serology antibody detection primarysecondary period T similartocholesterol maintain fluidityin gram negativecellmembranes penicillinstotargetcellwall Of doxycyclineto inhibit proteinsynthesisofbacteria