Slides Module 4 - ENG PDF

 Small power distance Large power distance Flat organizations, decentralized Pyramidal organization, centralized decision- decision-making making Narrow salary range between the Wide salary range b...

 Small power distance Large power distance Flat organizations, decentralized Pyramidal organization, centralized decision- decision-making making Narrow salary range between the Wide salary range between the top and the bottom top and the bottom of the of the organization organization Subordinates expect to be consulted Subordinates expect to be instructed The idea boss is a resourceful The ideal boss is a benevolent autocrat, or ‘good democrat father’ Low uncertainty avoidance High uncertainty avoidance Few formal rules, regulations and Many formal rules, regulations and procedures; limited use of planning procedures; excessive use of planning Lenient rules; people are more relaxed Tight rules; need for punctuality; people and flexible to review decisions tend to stick to what has been decided What is different is curious – What is different is dangerous – low acceptance of differences acceptance of deviance Companies are willing to take risks Companies avoid risks as much as possible Individualistic countries Collectivistic countries Independence and autonomy are Group membership, harmony, loyalty and highly valued relations are important Hiring and promotion are supposed to Hiring and promotion decisions take be based on skills and rules only employee’s in-group into account Treating friends better than others is Treating friends better than others is nepotism and unethical (universalism) normal and ethical (particularism) People are self-centered using ‘I’ and Use of ‘we’ and ‘our’; avoid drawing ‘me’ a lot; Make eye contact freely attention Masculine countries Feminine countries Managers are to be decisive, Managers expected to use intuition, firm, assertive, competitive deal with feelings, and seek consensus Resolution of conflicts by letting Resolution of conflicts by compromise the strongest win and negotiation More money is preferred over More leisure time if preferred over more leisure time more money Rewards are based on equity Rewards are based on equality   78 1. Freedom 1. Belonging 1. Family security 2. Independence 2. Group harmony 2. Family harmony 3. Self-reliance 3. Age/seniority 3. Parental 4. Equality 4. Group consensus guidance 5. Individualism 5. Cooperation 4. Age 6. Competition 6. Quality 5. Authority 7. Efficiency 7. Patience 6. Compromise 8. Time 8. Indirectness 7. Devotion 9. Directness 9. Go-between 8. Patience 10. Openness 9. Indirectness 10. Hospitality 1. Freedom 1. Belonging 1. Family security 2. Independence 2. Group harmony 2. Family harmony 3. Self-reliance 3. Age/seniority 3. Parental 4. Equality 4. Group consensus guidance 5. Individualism 5. Cooperation 4. Age 6. Competition 6. Quality 5. Authority 7. Efficiency 7. Patience 6. Compromise 8. Time 8. Indirectness 7. Devotion 9. Directness 9. Go-between 8. Patience 10. Openness 9. Indirectness 10. Hospitality