Sleep - Madam Notes PDF

Unit 5:PROMOTING SLEEP  Sleep – A state of loss of consciousness from which a subject can be aroused – appropriate stimuli PHYSIOLOGY OF SLEEP A cyclical physiological process – alternates with longer periods of wakefulness  Possible mechanisms of sleep-wake cycle...

Unit 5:PROMOTING SLEEP  Sleep – A state of loss of consciousness from which a subject can be aroused – appropriate stimuli PHYSIOLOGY OF SLEEP A cyclical physiological process – alternates with longer periods of wakefulness  Possible mechanisms of sleep-wake cycle Wakefulness: Excitatory effects of RAS and thalamus. Stimulation of RAS reinforced – positive feedback fr. Cortex & peripheral nervous system. RAS gets “tired” during – day. Sleep: Diminished RAS activity allows sleep centers – inhibit RAS…… ……..& drowsiness begin….. PHYSIOLOGY OF SLEEP  PHYSIOLOGY OF SLEEP NEUROTRANSMITTERS FACTORS Darkness Serotonin - CAUSES Lying down, Gamma-aminobutyric acid SLEEP Reduce noise (GABA) During sleep : RAS (GROWTH HORMONE – secreted; CORTISOL – inhibited) Reticular- Acetycholine DAY LIGHT Melatonin - lowest; Midbrain – Dopamine WAKEFULLNESS cortisol – highest Pons - Noradrenaline  Phases of Sleep 1. Slow-wave sleep (NonREM): Phase 1 – 4 2. Paradoxal / desynchronized sleep (REM – Rapid Eye Movements)  Types of sleep NREM (non-rapid-eye- movement) REM(rapid-eye-movement) Occurs when activity – RAS Occurs every 90 minutes & inhibited. lasts 5 to 30 minutes. Most dreams take place – Stage 1 will not remember. – light sleep (lasts a few Brain minutes) highly active, Stage 2 Increase: - body process – slow down. – Metabolism – Acetylcholine. Stage 3 – Dopamine. – Deepest stage – sleep. (REM – paradoxical sleep) Brainwave activity changes dramatically across the different stages of sleep.  Assess Sleeping Pattern Medications ( Sedation) NURSING PSYCHOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT Environment SUPPORT – SLEEP Reduce stress HYGIENE INSTRUMENT Diet THANK YOU