Sexual Aspect of the Self PDF

Sexual Aspect of the Self  Physical Development - It is the changes in physical and biological that occurs in human between their birth to adolescence. - Is the growth and development of the body, brain, and senses, and the ability to use and control the body. - It is the development...

Sexual Aspect of the Self  Physical Development - It is the changes in physical and biological that occurs in human between their birth to adolescence. - Is the growth and development of the body, brain, and senses, and the ability to use and control the body. - It is the development and changes of our body and organ system also the development of our biological aspects that lead to maturity.  The beginning of adolescence is marked by rapid changes including: Maturation of the reproductive system - This occurs during puberty of a male and a female when hormones from the hypothalamus and pituitary gland stimulate the testes or ovaries to start producing sex hormones again. - This is where the reproductive system of human begins to develop. 3  Development of different sex characteristics There are two types of sex characteristics includes: 1. Primary Sex Characteristics 2. Secondary Sex Characteristics  - Primary sexual characteristics are the physical traits that are directly involved in reproduction. These characteristics are not linked to gender, but rather to the sex or sexual organs of the being studied. - It is the differences in male and female Primary Sex sex characteristics. Characteristics - It involves the process of reproduction, such as the sexual organs of human. 5 EXAMPLE: Male’s have scrotum, testes, epididymis vas deferens, prostate, seminal vesicles, urethra, and penis. Female’s have ovaries, fallopian tube, uterus, cervix vaginal canal, Bartholin’s glad, and vagina.  - Secondary sex characteristics are physical traits that distinguish males from females and Secondary Sex are not directly Characteristics involved in reproduction. - Physical features related to the sex of an organism that emerges during puberty. 7 The Changes in Secondary Sex Characteristics; In Male and Female: Male Female - Hair growth - Hair growth - Deeper voice/ Adam’s apple - Enlargement of breasts - Increase of body size and butts - Having oily skin and sweating - Widening of hips - Enlargement of scrotum, - Having menstrual cycle testes and penis - Enables to produce sperm 8 9  Gender Vs Sex Gender Sex - Gender is a social construct that - Biological classification that refers to the behaviors, roles, divides a species into two expressions, and identities of complementary categories people. Which is a set of based on physiological biological attributes. Gender is characteristics including influenced by society and can chromosomes and change over time. reproductive organs. 10 What Turns People on? According to Smith These are sign’s a person is, in fact, being turned on. Several things can get them there. All triggers for sexual arousal fall into the following categories: Emotional bonding cues Erotic/explicit cues Visual/proximity cues Implicit/romantic cues Physical/sensory cues 11 Emotional Bonding Cues These cues focus on creating a sense of connection and intimacy, often appealing more to those who identify as female. This category includes acts of kindness, expressing affection, and demonstrating genuine care and interest. For example, a woman might find a man's kindness towards others attractive, as it suggests he is a caring and compassionate individual. 12 Erotic/Explicit Cues These cues involve direct sexual stimulation and often appeal to both genders. This category includes visual imagery, explicit language, and physical touch. For instance, a man might be turned on by seeing a sexually suggestive image, while a woman might be aroused by passionate kissing. 13 Visual/Proximity Cues These cues relate to visual appearance and physical closeness, often appealing more to those who identify as male. This category includes physical attractiveness, clothing choices, and proximity to the desired person. For example, a man might be attracted to a woman's physical features or the way she dresses, while a woman might be drawn to a man's confident body language or the way he looks at her. 14 Implicit/Romantic Cues These cues involve subtle gestures, romantic behaviors, and expressions of affection, often appealing to both genders. This category includes compliments, thoughtful gifts, and romantic gestures. For example, a man might be charmed by a woman's flirtatious smile or a handwritten note, while a woman might be touched by a man's thoughtful gesture or a romantic dinner. 15 Physical/ Sensory Cues These cues involve physical touch, sensory stimulation, and bodily responses, often appealing to both genders. This category includes physical intimacy, scents, and sounds. For example, a man might be aroused by a woman's touch or the sound of her voice, while a woman might be stimulated by a man's scent or the feeling of his hands on her body. 16 SEXUAL ORIENTATION is characteristic of an individual that includes how they feel about persons of the same sex as them Types of Sexual Orientation Heterosexual : A person who is sexually attracted to people of the opposite sex. Homosexual : A person who is sexually attracted to people of their own sex. Bisexual: A person attracted to more than one gender. Pansexual: A person attracted to people regardless of their gender identity. Asexual: A person who experiences little or no sexual attraction. 18 GENDER IDENTITY is an individual's internal sense of being male, female, neither both, or something else entirely TRANSGENDER: INDIVIDUALS WHOSE GENDER IDENTITY DIFFERS FROM THE SEX ASSIGNED AT BIRTH. NONBINARY: INDIVIDUALS WHO DO NOT IDENTIFY SOLELY AS MALE OR FEMALE. AGENDER: INDIVIDUALS WHO DO NOT IDENTIFY WITH ANY GENDER LGBTQ WHICH STANDS FOR LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, TRANSGENDER AND QUEER, IS A COMMON ACRONYM USED TO REFER TO PEOPLE OF SEXUAL MINORITY GROUPS COLLECTIVELY. THE TRIANGUL AR THEORY OF LOV ROBERT STERNBERG - He is american psychologist known for his theories on love intelligence and creativity. - He also proposed triangular theory of love According to Sternberg there are 3 components of love and because its three, it usually depicted by triangle.  Three Components of Love 1. Intimacy: which involves feelings of closeness, connectedness, and bondedness. 2. Passion: which involves feelings and desires that lead to physical attraction, romance, and sexual consummation. 3. Commitment: which involves feelings that lead a person to remain with someone and move toward shared goals. THE TRIANGULAR THEORY OF LOVE  Types of Love - Non-love: Absence of three components of love. - Liking: This type of love is characterized by intimacy alone, fostering a strong friendship bond. - Infatuation: Driven solely by passion, this type of love is intense and often short-lived. - Empty Love: Commitment without intimacy or passion can lead to a relationship lacking emotional depth and excitement. - Romantic Love: A combination of intimacy and passion creates a passionate and emotionally connected relationship. - Companionate Love: Intimacy and commitment create a deep, enduring bond built on trust and shared experiences. - Fatuous Love: Passion and commitment without intimacy can lead to a whirlwind romance lacking emotional foundation. - Consummate Love: The ideal type of love, encompassing all three components in equal measure, creates a fulfilling and lasting MARRIAGE and FAMILY  Which comes first? Marriage Family  In global Marriage definition, it is the state of being united as spouses in a consensual and contractual relationship recognized by law (Merriam Webster Dictionary).  1.Fellowship, companionship and for mutual help comfort. PURPOSE 2.Procreation OF MARRIAGE 3.Intimacy and pleasure 4.Build a family  Mate Selection Modern day courtship Old-fashioned courtship When the man proves himself worthy Modern day courtship encompasses as a son-in-law, the parents would various approaches to romantic give their permission to marry their relationships, which can be daughter. categorized into six types based on John Lee’s Colors of Love theory (Lee, 1976).  COLOR WHEEL THEOR Y OF LOVE John Alan Lee(1976) John Alan Lee's color wheel theory of love identifies six love styles, including primary types (Eros, Ludus, Storge) and secondary types (Mania, Pragma, Agape) using Latin and Greek words, was first introduced in Lee's book Colours of Love: An Exploration of the Ways of Loving 1. Ludus (Playful Love) Characterized by casual, non- committal relationships. 2.Pragma (Practical Love) Focused on compatibility, shared values, and long-term stability. 3.Eros (Romantic Love) Intense, passionate, and often all- consuming. 4.Mania (Obsessive Love) Characterized by intense emotional highs and lows. 5.Storge (Familial Love) Built on friendship, shared experiences, and deep affection 6.Agape (Unconditional Love) Selfless, altruistic, and prioritizing the partner’s well- being. Marriage Practices Endogamy and Exogamy Endogamy and exogamy are two contrasting marriage practices that determine the selection of a spouse within or outside a specific group. ENDOGAMY Endogamy is the practice of marrying within a specific group. 1. Family (e.g., cousin marriage) 2. Caste Examples: 3. Tribe 1. Royal families marrying 4. Ethnicity within nobility 5. Religion 2. Indian caste system 6. Social class 3. Jewish tradition of marrying within the faith 40 EXOGAMY Exogamy is the practice of marrying outside a specific group. 1. Marrying someone from Examples: a different: 1. Interracial marriages in - Race/Ethnicity the United States - Religion 2. Interfaith marriages in multicultural societies - Social class 3. Globalization leading to - Geographic location international marriages 41  FORMS of Marriage Monogamy Polygamy Marriage between Polygamy is the practice of two partners only. having multiple spouses, encompassing various forms and cultural contexts Mostly seen in (Koktvedgaard Zeitzen, 2018). Christian tradition of marriage. Mostly practiced by Islamic cultures, Mormonism Fundamentalists, some Hinduism castes, Himalayan42 societies and some CONCEPTS OR PRACTICES OF POLYGAMY 1. Simultaneous Polygamy - Multiple spouses at the same time (Koktvedgaard Zeitzen, 2018). 2. Sequential Polygamy - Multiple spouses in succession, with divorce or death preceding each new marriage (Pew Research Center, 2020). 3. Serial Polygamy - Multiple marriages in sequence, with no overlap (Rothblum, 2017). 4 Polygyny Polygyny is a form of polygamy where one man marries multiple women. Types of Example: In some Polyga Islamic cultures, men are allowed to have my up to four wives (Esposito, 2019). 44 1. Sororal Polygyny - Marriage to multiple sisters (Koktvedgaard Zeitzen, 2018). 2. Non-Sororal Polygyny - Marriage to unrelated women (Pew Research Center, 2020). 3. Polygynous Household - Multiple wives share a household (Rothblum, 2017). 4. Concubinage - Secondary wives or mistresses without formal marriage (Esposito, 2019). 45  Polyandry is a form of polygamy where one Polyand woman marries multiple men. ry Example: In some Himalayan cultures, women may marry multiple brothers 46 1.Fraternal Polyandry: Marriage to multiple brothers (Levine, 2019). 2.Non-Fraternal Polyandry: Marriage to unrelated men (Pearsall, 2019). 3.Polyandrous Household: Multiple husbands share a household (Koktvedgaard Zeitzen, 2018). 4.Female-Led Polyandry: Women initiate and lead polyandrous relationships (Rothblum, 2017). 47 Residential Patterns of Married Couples 48 After marriage, couples choose a residence based on cultural, economic, and personal factors (Fox, 1967). There are four primary residential patterns: PATRILOCAL MATRILOCAL - Residence with or - Residence with or near near the husband’s the wife’s family, family, common in common in matriarchal patriarchal societies societies (Fox, 1967). (Goody, 1983). - Wife’s family provides - Husband’s family support and resources provides support and (Harrell, 1997). resources (Harrell, - Husband integrates into 1997). wife’s family and - Wife integrates into community (Levinson, 49 husband’s family and 1989). residence, separate from Bilocal both families, - Alternating common in residence between modern, both families, urbanized common in societies (Goody, 1983). cultures with - Couples strong family ties establish their (Harrell, 1997). own household - Couples split time and community between husband’s (Fox, 1967). and wife’s families 50 Same sex Marriage 51 same-sex marriage is the practice of marriage between two men or between two women (Britannica, 2024)  The Netherlands (2000 Belgium (2003) Canada (2005) Spain (2005) South Africa (2006) At the start of Norway (2008) Sweden (2009) 21st century, the Argentina (2010) Iceland (2010) numbers of list of countri Portugal (2010) Denmark (2012) countries es who legalize Brazil (2013) England/Wales (2013) permitting d same- France (2013) New Zealand (2013) sex same-sex marriag Uruguay (2013) Scotland (2014) couples to marry e Luxembourg (2014) Finland (2015) legally has Ireland (2015) United States (2015) increased Greenland (2015) Colombia (2016) (Chamie and Malta (2017) Germany (2017) Mirkin, 2011) Australia (2017) Responsible Parenthood and Family Planning  Parent: A person who has a child and takes care of them. Parent and Parenthood: The state of being a parent. This Parenthood includes being responsible for a child’s education, safety, well- being, and emotional development until adulthood. 55 Responsible Parenthood Responsible Parenthood: The willingness and ability of parents to meet the needs and goals of their family and children. Responsibilities: Family Goals: Choosing the number, spacing, and timing of children. Considerations: Aspirations, 5 psychological readiness, health, cultural Family and Planning Family: A basic social unit made up of parents and children, considered a group, even if not living together. Planning: The process of making a plan to reach a goal. Benefits of Planning: - Increases efficiency - Reduces risks - Provides organization and direction 57 Family Planning A program that allows parents to decide the number and spacing of their children responsibly. Purpose: - To prevent unwanted pregnancies - To make informed decisions on family size - To ensure healthy spacing between children 5  - Better health for mothers and babies For - More opportunities Individuals for women’s education, jobs, and social activities - Less health risk and reduced need for abortion 59  -Improved resource sharing among children For - Reduced Families household poverty - Greater family decision-making 60  -Better living standards For - Economic Society growth - Sustainable natural resources and environment 61  RH Law (Republic Act Responsible No. 10354): Parenthood - Guarantees universal and access to contraception, Reproductive fertility control, sexual Health Act (RH education, and maternal Law) care. - Supports informed family planning and health decisions for families in 62 Contraceptive Methods - Historical Approaches Old Methods: - Chinese women drank lead and mercury - Use of herbs, olive oil, and acidic solutions - Greek women would jump backward after sex to prevent pregnancy 6 NATURAL or TRADITIONAL CONTRACEPTIVES Periodic Abstinence - Avoiding intercourse during fertile periods - Calendar/Rhythm Method - Cervical Mucus Method - Withdrawal: Pull-out method (ejaculation outside the vagina) Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM) - Breastfeeding as a natural method of contraception 6  Modern Contraceptive Methods Hormonal Methods: Barrier Methods: Pills: Taken daily Spermicides: Chemicals that kill sperm Injectables: Hormone Condoms: Male and female shots every few versions to prevent sperm from months reaching the egg (also protect Implants: Small rods against STIs) under the skin Diaphragm/Cervical Cap: Covers releasing hormones the cervix to block sperm Intrauterine Device (IUD): Long- term device placed in the uterus (copper or hormonal) 65 Sexuall y Transmitt ed Diseases (STDs) 66   This are caused by sexually transmitted infections (STIs). They Sexually are spread mainly by Transmitted sexual contact.  STIs are caused by Diseases bacteria, viruses or (STDs) parasites. A sexually transmitted infection may pass from person to person in blood, semen, Syphil is Also known as The Great Imitator It started in Europe on 1495 This caused by a spiral-shaped bacteria – Treponema pallidum. The most popular and long- standing theory is that syphilis was carried by sailors returning from the first transatlantic expedition led by Christopher Columbus.  Three stages of Primary Syphilis syphilis - A single, small, symptoms painless sore on the genitals, anus, 1. Primary Syphilis (first stage) or elsewhere. This 2. Secondary Syphilis stage usually lasts 3. Tertiary Syphilis around 21 days. 69  Symptoms can develop 2–12 weeks after exposure and include:  A non-itchy rash, often on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet  Sores, known as mucous patches, Secondar in the mouth and/or on the tongue or genitalia y syphilis  Fever, sore throat, fatigue, and muscle and/or joint aches  Weight loss  Patchy hair loss  Headaches  Swollen lymph nodes 70  This stage has no signs or no symptoms Latent But this can damage your Nerves Syphilis Organs Heart Bones 71  The final, most severe stage of syphilis, which can appear 10 to 30 years after the initial infection. Complications may include: Late o Brain (neurological) syphili problems o Stroke s o Deafness o Visual problems or blindness o Personality changes 72 o Gonorrhea This is caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae The disease was also referred to as “The Clap.” Gonorrhea bacteria can infect the urethra, rectum, female reproductive tract, mouth, throat or eyes. You can get this during vaginal, oral or anal sexual activity. But babies can get the infection during childbirth. Male symptoms of gonorrhea infection include: Painful urination.  Pus-like discharge from the tip of the penis.  Pain Female or swelling in symptoms ofone testicle. gonorrhea infection include:  Increased vaginal discharge.  Painful urination.  Vaginal bleeding between periods, such as after vaginal intercourse.  Abdominal or pelvic pain. 74 Chlamydia  Common in youngsters aged to fifteen to nineteen  Chlamydia often doesn’t cause symptoms many people who have chlamydia don’t know it and unknowingly infect other people.  If chlamydia left untreated, this can lead to serious complications and cause permanent damage to your reproductive organs.  Chlamydia can be cleared up with antibiotics in about a week or two. Symptoms of chlamydia Women: Men: Abnormal vaginal discharge Discharge from the penis Burning when Burning when urinating urinating, Lower abdominal pain Pain and swelling in one or both Pain during sex testicles Nausea Rectal pain Fever Discharge Bleeding between Bleeding periods or after sex Cramps 76 Hepatitis B This attacks the liver and can cause both acute and chronic disease. Some that has chronic disease will develop complications like cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (liver cancer). These diseases can be fatal. This can pass through sexual contact, sharing needles, or from mother to baby at birth. This can prevent through hepatitis vaccine. Symptoms of hepatitis B  Yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice)  Dark urine  Feeling very tired  Nausea  Vomiting  Pain in the abdomen 78 Genital Herpes Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI). The herpes simplex virus (HSV) causes genital herpes. Genital herpes can often be spread by skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity. Genital herpes has no cure. But medicine can ease symptoms. 79 Symptoms of Genital Herpes First outbreak  Fever  Headache  Body aches  Swollen lymph nodes in the groin 80 After 2 to 12 days of exposure to the virus  Pain or itching around the genitals  Small bumps or blisters around the genitals, anus or mouth  Painful ulcers that form when blisters rupture and ooze or bleed  Scabs that form as the ulcers heal  Painful urination  Discharge from the urethra, the tube that releases urine from the body 81  Discharge from the vagina Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)  Scientists believe HIV originated in chimpanzees in West Africa in the 1930s and was transmitted to humans through blood-to- blood contact while hunting.  This is initially called Gay- Related Immune Deficiency (GRID) in 1981 because it is thought it only affects gay men. In 1982 this is renamed as Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Symptoms of HIV Acute HIV Clinical latency (chronic HIV infection) infection AIDS  Fever  Rapid weight loss  Chills  Recurring fever or profuse night sweats  Rash  Extreme and unexplained tiredness  Night sweats  Prolonged swelling of the lymph glands in the  Muscle aches armpits, groin, or neck  Sore throat  Diarrhea that lasts for more than a week  Sores of the mouth, anus, or genitals  Pneumonia  Red, brown, pink, or purplish blotches on or  Fatigue under the skin or inside the mouth, nose, or  Swollen eyelids lymph nodes  Memory loss, depression, and other neurologic  Mouth ulcers disorders 83 thank you