Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors and Metastasis PDF

# SEX CORD-STROMAL TUMORS - Tumors that resemble sex cord-stromal tissues of the ovary - **Granulosa-theca cell tumor** - Neoplastic proliferation of granulosa and theca cells - Often produces estrogen; presents with signs of estrogen excess - Prior to puberty-precocious puberty...

# SEX CORD-STROMAL TUMORS - Tumors that resemble sex cord-stromal tissues of the ovary - **Granulosa-theca cell tumor** - Neoplastic proliferation of granulosa and theca cells - Often produces estrogen; presents with signs of estrogen excess - Prior to puberty-precocious puberty - Reproductive age-menorrhagia or metrorrhagia - Postmenopause (most common setting for granulosa-theca cell tumors)- endometrial hyperplasia with postmenopausal uterine bleeding - Malignant, but minimal risk for metastasis - **Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor** - Composed of Sertoli cells that form tubules and Leydig cells (between tubules) with characteristic Reinke crystals - May produce androgen; associated with hirsutism and virilization - **Fibroma** - Benign tumor of fibroblasts - Associated with pleural effusions and ascites (Meigs syndrome); syndrome resolves with removal of tumor. # METASTASIS - **Krukenberg tumor** is a metastatic mucinous tumor that involves both ovaries; most commonly due to metastatic gastric carcinoma (diffuse type) - Bilaterality helps distinguish metastases from primary mucinous carcinoma of the ovary, which is usually unilateral. - **Pseudomyxoma peritonei** is massive amounts of mucus in the peritoneum. - Due to a mucinous tumor of the appendix, usually with metastasis to the ovary