Science review (nervous, skeletal, and locomotive systems.pdf

NERVOUS SYSTEM: The nervous system is the part of your body that helps you think, feel, move, and control everything you do. It is like a big communication network that connects your brain to the rest of your body. 1. -Organs of the nervous system Brain Spinal cord Sensory O...

NERVOUS SYSTEM: The nervous system is the part of your body that helps you think, feel, move, and control everything you do. It is like a big communication network that connects your brain to the rest of your body. 1. -Organs of the nervous system Brain Spinal cord Sensory Organs Nerve cells (neurons) 2. - Parts of the nervous system CNS = Central nervous system PNS = Peripheral nervous system 3. - Know each function of the CNS and PNS Central nervous system: Includes the brain and spinal cord. The brain is the boss of the system that processes and interprets the information gathered by the senses. It controls what we do, think and feel. The spinal cord connects the brain to the rest of the body, sending messages between the two parts. Peripheral nervous system: Includes the nerves, somatic and autonomic nervous systems. The nerves are wires that connect the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body. The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements (walking), while the autonomic nervous system controls involuntary movements (digestion, heartbeat). 4. - Types of neurons and signals of the nervous system 1. Dendrites: They receive messages from other neurons. 2. Axon: Carries impulse away from cell body and ​ sends messages to other neurons or body parts. ​ ​ 3. Synapse: This is the tiny gap between neurons where messages are passed. 5. - Skeletal system - what is the main function. -give shape and support to the body. -protect our internal organs. -allows movement with joints and muscles. -produces blood cells in bone marrow. 6. - Skeletal system - structures and functions  Structures: Bones come in many different shapes and sizes, but they are all made of the same materials. Bones are organs, and recall that organs are made up of two or more types of tissues. Function: Your skeletal system gives shape and form to your body, but it also plays other important roles. The main functions of the skeletal system include: Support, Protection, making blood cells, movements, storage. 7. - Bones: what do they contain? Bones are full of living cells, blood supply and nerves. 8. - Types of bones: Types of bones and descriptions of each 9. - Main parts of the skeletal system Bones: Made up of living tissue. Contain many different types of tissue. Cartilage: Dense connective tissue. Ligaments: Tough protein fibers. Connect bone to bone. 10. - Neurons: Parts, structure, being able to label its parts. 11. - Locomotive system: what it is and its characteristics It is the system that helps our body move. Characteristics: ​ The locomotive system includes muscles and bones. ​ Muscles pull on bones to make the body move. Functions: Movement: Enables walking, running, and other physical actions. Support: Keeps the body upright and maintains posture. Protection: Defends vital organs from damage. Coordination: Works with the nervous system to carry out coordinated and precise movements. 12. - Another name for locomotive system It is also called the musculoskeletal system. 13. - What systems are included in the locomotive system Skeletal System Bones: Provide structure and protect vital organs. Joints: Allow flexibility and movement between bones. Ligaments: Connect bones to other bones and stabilize joints. Muscular System Skeletal Muscles: Attach to bones and contract to create movement. Tendons: Connect muscles to bones, allowing muscles to pull on bones and create motion. 14. - Types of muscles: characteristics of each - Where do you find the different types of muscles? Skeletal muscles: Voluntary muscles are attached to bones; they help you move. Example: Biceps, quadriceps. Smooth muscles: Involuntary muscles found inside organs, such as the stomach and intestines, that help move food. Heart muscles: Found only in the heart and helps it pump blood.