Science: Matter and Density Study Guide PDF

# Science: Matter and Density Study Guide ## Definitions 1. **Matter** - Definition: Anything that takes up space and can be weighed. 2. **Mass** - Definition: The measure of the amount of matter in an object, regardless of its size or material. - Characteristics: Mass does not change...

# Science: Matter and Density Study Guide ## Definitions 1. **Matter** - Definition: Anything that takes up space and can be weighed. 2. **Mass** - Definition: The measure of the amount of matter in an object, regardless of its size or material. - Characteristics: Mass does not change regardless of location (Earth, Moon, etc.). - Unit of Measurement: Grams (g) or kilograms (Kg). 3. **Weight** - Definition: The measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object. - Characteristics: Weight can change depending on gravity (e.g., weight is less on the Moon than on Earth). - Unit of Measurement: Ounces (oz), pounds (lb), or tons (t). 4. **Volume** - Definition: The amount of space an object occupies. - Unit of Measurement: Milliliters (mL), liters (L), or cubic centimeters (cm³). 5. **Density** - Definition: The amount of mass in a given volume of space. - Formula: Density = Mass / Volume - Unit of Measurement: Commonly measured in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³). ## Key Concepts 1. **Difference between Mass and Weight** - Mass: Remains the same regardless of location (e.g., Earth, Moon). - Weight: Changes depending on gravitational force. 2. **Floatation and Sinking Based on Density** - An object's density determines if it will float or sink in water or other liquids. - **Floating and Sinking in Other Liquids:** - An object will float in a liquid if it is less dense than that liquid. - An object will sink in a liquid if it is more dense than that liquid. 3. **Predicting Floatation with Mass and Volume** - If the mass (in grams) is less than the volume (in cm³), the object will float. - If the mass (in grams) is greater than the volume (in cm³), the object will sink. 4. **Density of Liquids in Relation to Each Other** - A liquid will float on top of another liquid if it has a lower density. - A liquid will sink if it has a higher density than the liquid it is placed in. ## Units Quick Reference - Mass: grams (g), kilograms (Kg) - Weight: ounces (oz), pounds (lb), tons (t) - Volume: milliliters (mL), liters (L), cubic centimeters (cm³) - Density: grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³) ## Tips for Remembering Concepts - Density and Floating: Less dense = floats, More dense = sinks. - Mass vs. Weight: Mass is constant, weight varies with gravity. - Volume Measurement: Think of volume as the "space taken up," often measured in liters or cubic centimeters.