Classical Asia Study Guide PDF

Name ___Sabrina Alam____ Standard 3: Classical Asia Study Guide 3a: The Characteristics of the Persian Empire Label the location of the Persian Empire on the map to the right. —---------------------------------^ Identify major political and social characteristics of the Persian Empire. Imperial...

Name ___Sabrina Alam____ Standard 3: Classical Asia Study Guide 3a: The Characteristics of the Persian Empire Label the location of the Persian Empire on the map to the right. —---------------------------------^ Identify major political and social characteristics of the Persian Empire. Imperial Bureaucracy: Divided government into different sections with different people divided into each division which is a bureaucracy. Each “satrap” controlled his territory and collected taxes for the persian empire. Tolerance of conquered people: They were allowed to practice their own religions. ð Explain the impact of the Royal Road system on the Persian Empire: The impact of the royal road system to the persian empire is that it allowed communication and business to move quicker. What role did Zoroastrianism play in the Persian Empire? Zoroastrianism influenced Judaism and christianity. It was started by a prophet named Zoroaster who believed in doing battle against a prince of lies and evil. ð Identify the key beliefs of Zoroastrianism. Believes in… powerful Ahura Mazda god doing battle against a prince of lies and evil 3b: The History and Geography of the Indian Subcontinent Major geographic features of the Indian subcontinent € Label the following on the map to the right: o India o Himalayan Mountains o Indus River o Hindu Kush Mountains o Ganges River Impact of Aryan (Indo-Aryan) migration on the Indian subcontinent (look in the Hinduism slides) € Where did the Aryans come from? Where did they settle? They originally came from central asia, They settled in the northern indian subcontinent. € What is the Caste System? Identify the four main varnas (castes). The caste system divides Hindus into four based on karma and dharma. 1.Brahmins (Priests/teachers, highest),, 2. Kshatriyas(warriors/rulers), 3.Vaishyas(farmers,traders,merchants), 4. Shudras(laborers), 5. Dalits (outcastes, cleaners) Accomplishments of the Mauryan Empire € Who was the first Mauryan ruler? CHANDRAGUPTA € List three achievements of Asoka. 1. Edicts 2. Converted empire to buddhism 3. destroyed all competition What were the accomplishments of the Gupta Empire? € Identify five achievements of the Gupta Empire. 1. Education was spreading greatly 2. astronomy, a calendar was developed 3. architecture, dome shaped houses were made 4. medicine was being created and even surgery 5. math, invented concept of zero and decimal point 3c: The Characteristics of Hinduism Beliefs and origins of Hinduism € Define the following terms related to Hinduism: o Reincarnation: after death the soul is born again o Karma: the good and bad a person does in this life, determines their fate in their next life. o Vedas/Upanishads:vedas= sacred texts, book o Moksha: freedom from the cycle of life and death Spread of Hinduism € Where did Hinduism spread to? southeast asia 3d: The Characteristics of Buddhism Major beliefs and origins of Buddhism € Who started Buddhism? Siddhartha € What are the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path important to Buddhism? The four noble truths are 1. Suffering is present in all things and nothing lasts forever, 2. suffering is caused by cravings (our desires and wants), 3. The way to give up suffering is to give up cravings, 4. The way to give up cravings is to follow the eightfold path. Eightfold path 1. right view ( develop deep understanding) 2. right intention (live life of selflessness, love, nonviolence) 3. right speech (be careful and truthful on what you say don't lie or gossip) 4. right action(dont kill or steal or lie) 5. right livelihood (don't work at a bad job) 6. right effort( follow the right actions prevent evil) 7. right concentration(focus mind with meditations) 8. right mindfulness. (be aware of emotions thoughts and feelings) Spread of Buddhism € How did Asoka spread Buddhism? He sent monks to share teachings of buddha and planted different edicts around the country € How did trade routes help spread Buddhism? Trade routes helped spread buddhism because it could spread quicker € Where did Buddhism spread to? Buddhism spread to Sri Lanka, across the bay of Bengal, Thailand, Cambodia, and indonesia. 3e: The Characteristics of Classical China Geography of Classical China € Identify the following on the map to the right: o Huang He (Yellow) River —-----^ o Yangtze River—-------------------------> o Himalayas —---------------------------------^ Chinese political structure € What is a Dynasty? What is the Mandate of Heaven? A dynasty is a series of rulers of a country who all come from the same family. Brought peace and stability back to China which means that the Han rulers had the MANDATE OF HEAVEN. € Who was Qin Shi Huangdi? What are two of his accomplishments? Qin Shi Huangdi created legalism, was an autocratic (ruler with absolute power), completely rejected confucianism and burned books going against his philosophy legalism. 1. built highways expanding trade 2. standardized currency 3. built irrigation systems € What was the Civil Service Exam? It tested your skills and knowledge. It was a system where people were hired based on their knowledge of Confuscian principles. Classical China’s contributions to the world € What were China’s main trade items? 1. Silk 2. Porcelain 3. paper € What was the Silk Road? Which areas of the world did it connect?  The silk road was a network of routes used by traders for several years. China to korea and japan in the east, china to central asia to india in the south, turkey to italy in the west. 3f: Chinese Philosophies Major beliefs of Confucianism € What is filial piety? Explain two relationships according to filial piety. Filial piety is the belief that adult children are responsible for the wellbeing of their parents as they begin to age. Examples : obeying parents' wishes, taking care of them when old, working hard to provide for them. friend-friend husband-wife father-son ruler-ruled € What did Confucius believe about human nature? Confucius believed that the original human nature is different from how it has been conditioned in civil society. Major beliefs of Daoism (Taoism)? € What do Daoists believe about nature? Passivity, humility, spontaneity, acceptance of life, and harmony with nature are desired. € What type of government do Daoists think is best? Daoists think governments with minimal directions and little or no ambition is best and the goal of government should be to return society to the happy anarchy it was before.