Rogers-UNITARY-OF-HUMAN-BEINGS_a3fa121084709e07a5c29a545ecb5583.pdf

Unitary of Human Beings Martha Elizabeth Rogers  INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE THEORIST THEORITICAL SOURCES BASIC ASSUMPTION AGENDA METAPARADIGM HOMEODYNAMICS PRINCIPLES ACCEPTANCE BY THE NURSING...

Unitary of Human Beings Martha Elizabeth Rogers  INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE THEORIST THEORITICAL SOURCES BASIC ASSUMPTION AGENDA METAPARADIGM HOMEODYNAMICS PRINCIPLES ACCEPTANCE BY THE NURSING COMMUNITY CRITIQUE MARTHA E. ROGERS Martha Elizabeth Rogers was born in Dallas, Texas May 12, 1914; sharing her birthday with Florence Nightingale. She grew up in a family, where learning was fostered and reading was favorite game. Died on March 13, 1994. At Phoenix, Arizona, United States. Educational Background 1936 1937 1945 1954 Received her Earned her Public She got her Doctorate in nursing diploma Health Nursing Master’s degree Nursing was from the degree in George from Teachers given to her Knoxville Peabody College College at from Johns General Hospital in Tennessee. Columbia Hopkins School of University. University in Nursing. Baltimore.  Career Background 1975 1940 Officially retired as Professor Accepted a position in and Head of the Division Hartford, CT at the Visiting of Nursing. Nurse Association. 1979 1945 Became Professor Emerita 1937 Settled on a position as and continued to have an Worked for the the Executive Director at active role in the Children’s Fund for the Visiting Nurse development of nursing and two years as public Service in Phoenix, the Science of Unitary health nurse. Arizona. Human Beings. Theoretical Source The origins of Rogerian science can be traced to Nightingale’s proposals and statistical data, placing the human being within the framework of the natural world. ROGERS nightingale Basic Assumption Five Basic Assumptions underlay Roger’s conceptual framework: 2. OPENNESS 1. WHOLENESS 3. UNIDIRECTIONALITY 4. PATTERN AND 5. SENTIENCE AND ORGANIZATION THOUGHT ❑ 1. WHOLENESS The human being is unified whole possessing an individual integrity and manifesting characteristics that are more than and different from the sum of the parts. The characteristics of an individual is what gives him his identity as a human beings. Human beings are just not characterized by body parts, but by mass, structure, function, and feelings. ❑ 2. OPENNESS The individual and the environment are constantly exchanging energy with each other and the human being is visible only when particulars disappear from the view. Everyday life experiences illustrate how an individuals affected by the world around him/her. People are connected to the natural world. ❑ 3. UNIDIRECTINALITY The life process of human being evolves irreversibly and unidirectionally along a space time continuum. Conception, birth, infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, old age, and death follow one another through sequential stages of development. ❑ 4. PATTERN AND ORGANIZATION Man’s ability to self-regulate himself in spite of the continuous change or new patterns in his life and environment. Identifying individuals and reflecting their wholeness is life’s patterns. ❑ 5. SENTIENCE AND THOUGHT Human being is characterized by the capacity for abstraction and imagery, language, thought, sensation, and emotion. Man is different and unique from other living form because he has the power to think himself. CONCEPT ❑ ENERGY FIELD An energy field is the fundamental unit of living and nonliving beings, consisting of two fields: human and environmental. Human beings are irreducible, indivisible, and pandimensional energy fields, while environmental fields are integral to human beings. Both fields change continuously, creatively, and integrally, with energy being a unifying concept. ❑ UNIVERSE OF OPEN SYSTEMS The concept of the universe of open systems holds that energy fields are infinite, open, and integral with one another (Rogers, 1983). The human and environmental fields are in continuous process and are open systems. ❑ PATTERN Pattern is a unique characteristic of an energy field, identifying it as a single wave. It changes continuously and innovatively, giving identity to the field. Manifestations emerge as a human- environmental mutual process, with each individual's unique field manifestation. Pattern changes continually, affecting disease, illness, or well-being. ❑ PANDIMENSIONALITY Rogers defines pandimensionality as a nonlinear domain without spatial or temporal attributes, or as Phillips (2010) notes: “essentially a spaceless and timeless reality”. The term pandimensional provides for an infinite domain without limit. It best expresses the idea of a unitary whole. METAPARADIGM ❑ NURSING Nursing is a learned profession that combines science and art, focusing on people and their environment. It is an empirical science, aiming to promote health and wellbeing for all persons. The art of nursing involves creative use of the science for human betterment, promoting interaction between human and environmental fields, strengthening human field integrity, and directing patterning for maximum health potential. ❑ PERSON Rogers defines a person as an open system in a continuous process with their environment, characterized by integrity and unique characteristics. A unitary human being is an irreducible, indivisible energy field, with the body as an expression of these patterns. In nursing, people and their environment are seen as irreducible energy fields continuously creative in evolution. ❑ HEALTH Rogers promotes passive health as a symbol of wellness and absence of disease, focusing on the human life process and pattern diversity. She emphasizes a new worldview focusing on people and their environment, including iatrogenesis, nosocomial conditions, and hypochrondriasis. ❑ ENVIRONMENT Rogers defines environment as a pandimensional energy field with unique patterns and characteristics, characterized by continuous, innovative, and creative change, and human fields are identified by wave patterns. HOMEODYNAMICS PRINCIPLE RESONANCY HELICY INTEGRALITY ❑ RESONANCE Continuous change from lower to higher frequency wave patterns in human and environmental fields. EG: sleep wake rhythms, hormone levels, fluctuating emotional states etc. Expresses continuous creative change ❑ HELICY Continuous, innovative, unpredictable, increasing diversity of human and environmental field patterns Human do not regress but become increasingly diverse and complex. Sheds positive light on ageing ❑ INTEGRALITY Continuous mutual human field and environmental field process. Explains the essential relationship between human and environmental fields. ACCEPTANCE BY THE NURSING COMMUNITY P The Rogerian model is an abstract philosophical framework for nursing practice, emphasizing the totality R of experience and existence. It emphasizes the A importance of a continuum of care in the healthcare system. The model divides critical thinking into pattern C appraisal, mutual patterning, and evaluation. Nurses T participate in the lived experience of health in various roles, such as facilitators, educators, advocates, I assessors, and collaborators. The Rogerian model provides a challenging and innovative framework for C nursing practice, fostering creative and imaginative E nursing care. R Rogers' conceptual model in nursing science provides a E framework for research and theory development. It identifies the purpose and scope of nursing and provides S frameworks for objective records of the effects of nursing. E The model emphasizes the importance of understanding unitary human beings as integral with their environment, A and employs both quantitative and qualitative approaches. R Research methods, such as case study and photo- disclosure, capture human-environmental phenomena. C H E Rogers' model for nursing education emphasizes D lifelong learning, a commitment to knowledge for U betterment, and separate licensure for associates and baccalaureate degrees. The C curriculum should include basic education in A language, mathematics, philosophy, psychology, T sociology, music, art, biology, microbiology, physics, and chemistry, as well as elective I courses in a variety of fields. Research should be O conducted in practice laboratories and N alternative sites.  CRITIQUE ❑CLARITY ❑SIMPLICITY ❑GENERALITY ❑ACCESSIBILITY ❑IMPORTANCE ❑ CLARITY Early criticisms of the model, including unclear principles and insufficient measurement tools, have since passed, demonstrating clarity in nursing research for all ages, as nursing matures as a science. ❑ SIMPLICITY Studies have simplified and clarified some concepts and relationships in Rogers' model, though some still classify it as complex. With practice, research, and education, nurses appreciate its elegant simplicity. ❑ GENERALITY Rogers’ conceptual model is abstract and therefore generalizable and powerful. It is broad in scope, providing a framework for the development of nursing knowledge through the generation of grand and middle-range theories. ❑ ACCESSIBILITY Rogers' conceptual model, based on various scientific fields, is deductive and lacks empirical support. Misunderstandings and inappropriate expectations can lead to labeling as inadequate. However, the model has produced testable theories and measurement tools. ❑ IMPORTANCE Rogers' science aims to understand human evolution and its potential for improvement. It coordinates open systems to identify a new paradigm and initiate nursing's identity as a science. Emphasizing human-environmental field phenomena, the conceptual model is useful in practice, education, administration, and research. THANK YOU REFERENCES Alligood, M. R. (1991a). Guided reminiscence: A Rogerian Alligood, M. R., & McGuire, S. L. (2000). Perception of time, based intervention. Rogerian Nursing Science News, sleep patterns and activity in senior citizens: A test of the Alligood, M. R. (1991b). Testing Rogers’ theory of Rogerian theory of aging. 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