Road To Revolution (AKS 33 a) PDF

The ROAD TO REVOLUTION AKS 33 a © Brain Wrinkles  In 1763, how old are they? © Brain Wrinkles  1638 1626...

The ROAD TO REVOLUTION AKS 33 a © Brain Wrinkles  In 1763, how old are they? © Brain Wrinkles  1638 1626 1630 1681 1636 1636 1664 1607 1638 1633 1663 1664 1732 © Brain Wrinkles  CAUSESPage 2 of the American Revolution © Brain Wrinkles  Competition Great Britain, France, and Spain had been competing for land in North America for centuries. By the mid-1700s, France had become Great Britain’s biggest rival. In 1754, fighting broke out between the two countries over the territory in the Ohio Valley. This region had access to major rivers and rich natural resources including farmland and furs. © Brain Wrinkles  French and Indian War Video (3:22) This war was known as the French and Indian War in America (1754-1763) because most of the American Indians joined forces with the French troops. Why? They were worried that the British settlers would take over their land. In Europe, the war was called the Seven Years’ War (1756-1763). © Brain Wrinkles  Was any of the French and Indian War fought in Georgia? © Brain Wrinkles  French & Indian War - Fighting between England, France, and their Native American allies over fur trading territory in the Ohio Valley. The English won. © Brain Wrinkles  F & I War Great Britain won the war. They were now the major power in the world. In the Treaty of Paris 1763, France was forced to give up all of its North American colonies, including Canada and all the land between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River. © Brain Wrinkles © Brain Wrinkles  F & I War Even though the British won the war, the economic cost of the war was incredible and left the country virtually bankrupt. Treaty of Paris of 1763 - The agreement that ended the French and Indian War of 1763 The relationship between the 13 Colonies and Britain would begin deteriorating after the French and Indian War (American Revolution begins in 1775). Additional Video on the French and Indian War (3:53) © Brain Wrinkles  Georgia The Treaty of Paris 1763 also gave Spanish Florida to England. Georgians were happy with this decision because there would be no more Spanish threat to the colony. Georgia’s borders were also expanded to the St. Mary’s River to the South, the Mississippi River to the West, and land around Augusta to the North. © Brain Wrinkles  Georgia’s Boundaries, 1763 NOTE: Georgia’s border would also expand to the St. Mary’s River © Brain Wrinkles  King George III issued the Proclamation of 1763. P Proclamation of 1763 - Forbade English colonists from settling the newly acquired land west of the Appalachian Mountains. Click on the Proclamation to learn more. 1:23 (video) © Brain Wrinkles  Proclamation In 1763, King George issued a statement prohibiting colonists from moving west of the Appalachian Mountains. Those that were living past the mountains were supposed to move. Many colonists were upset with this decision as the French and Indian War was largely fought over this territory and they had assisted the British army in securing victory. © Brain Wrinkles  Proclamation of 1763 – New Colonial Boundaries © Brain Wrinkles  Indians Much of the land would remain in control of the American Indians to avoid uprisings and violence with the settlers. The intent was to stabilize relations between Great Britain and the American Indian tribes who lived in the area. Because the British were nearly bankrupt from the Seven Years War, they could not afford to fight another costly war with American Indians over territory. © Brain Wrinkles  Goals In addition to making peace with the American Indians, the proclamation had two other goals. King George III wanted to build a trade relationship with American Indians in order to capitalize on the fur trade business. Also, Great Britain planned to build forts along the Proclamation Line in order to better defend and maintain its colonies. © Brain Wrinkles  Reaction The colonists, many of whom participated in the war in hopes of gaining new land, were extremely upset by the Proclamation of 1763. Many frontiersmen ignored the treaty and moved west into areas that are now Kentucky and Tennessee. © Brain Wrinkles  Many frontiersmen moved into the Appalachian Mountain region, despite the King’s orders. © Brain Wrinkles  Georgia People in Georgia did not share the same reactions to the Proclamation of 1763 as other colonists. The colony was relatively small and most colonists were still settled along Georgia’s coastline. Also, Georgia gained land and resources from the after the French and Indian War. This new land opened up new coastal areas for Georgians to settle, which was great for trade. © Brain Wrinkles  Control Throughout the 1700s, the American colonists had become increasingly independent. Great Britain had left the colonies alone to manage their own affairs for years (“salutary neglect”). During the 1760s, England began to assert more control and the colonists were not happy. © Brain Wrinkles  Taxation without Representation x Click on the document to learn more (video). 1:07 © Brain Wrinkles  Taxation To help alleviate the debt incurred from the war, the British Parliament felt that the colonists should be responsible for some of the financial burden by paying new taxes. (argument over taxation was the main cause of the American Revolution. Many colonists were angered by the taxation, particularly because there was no colonial representation in the British Parliament. © Brain Wrinkles  Taxation - Money charged to the citizens to fund government spending and various public expenditures © Brain Wrinkles  Stamp Act Britain would place a variety of taxes on the Colonies over the years. The Stamp Act began in 1765. It taxed paper products including newspapers and documents as they would now require official stamped paper. Short video on the Stamp Act. Due to colonial pressure, the British Parliament eventually repealed the Stamp Act (but continued to issue others). These acts caused even more discontent and began to set the stage for the Revolutionary War… © Brain Wrinkles  Notice of the Stamp Act in a newspaper. Colonial newspaper predicted the Stamp Act would lead to the end of journalism. Taxation Without Representation - Taxing the colonist without the colonist having a voice in the British Parliament. © Brain Wrinkles Stamp Act - Established by the British government which placed a tax on all legal documents, newspapers, and other paper products  Georgia Georgia’s response to the Stamp Act was not as violent as in other colonies. Georgia was the only colony where the hated stamps were sold. Georgia was very dependent on Britain for trade and protection. We were the youngest of the 13 Colonies and many people had closer ties to Britain. Georgia’s royal governor, James Wright, had much to do with the colony’s calm reaction. © Brain Wrinkles  Wright Governor Wright was well liked and had really improved the quality of life in Georgia. Many Georgians knew that he cared about them and wanted to see the colony be prosperous. Governor Wright was very loyal to King George III, and he urged the colonists to remain loyal as well. © Brain Wrinkles  Georgia The American colonists held a Stamp Act Congress in 1765, but Governor Wright did not want Georgia to participate. He refused to call Georgia’s legislature into session to vote on the issue. Nine other colonies sent delegates to the Stamp Act Congress, while Georgia sent none. © Brain Wrinkles  Liberty Boys Despite Governor Wright’s influence, there was some resistance to the Stamp Act. On November 6, 1765, a group affiliated with the Sons of Liberty called the “Liberty Boys” was established to oppose the Stamp Act. The Liberty Boys, along with many other Georgians, were unhappy with the unfair tax on paper goods. © Brain Wrinkles  Click the image for a video on the Liberty Boys Georgia’s Liberty Boys meeting in Tondee’s Tavern in Savannah. Liberty Boys - A secret group of colonists who opposed being taxed by a Parliament © Brain Wrinkles  Boston The American colonists were becoming more and more rebellious, particularly in Boston. The Boston Massacre occurred in 1770 when British soldiers fired into an angry mob of protestors, killing five colonists. This event turned public opinion against Britain in many areas of the Colonies © Brain Wrinkles  Boston Massacre, 1770 Click the image for a video  Boston The 1773 Boston Tea Party took place when colonists dumped 342 chests of tea into the Boston Harbor to protest the Tea Act. © Brain Wrinkles  The Destruction of Tea at Boston Harbor (A few of the colonists disguised themselves as American Indians.) © Brain Wrinkles  st 1 Congress Other American colonies were outraged and joined in sympathy with Massachusetts. These colonists were unified in a belief that the British Parliament was violating their rights. Every colony except Georgia sent representatives to the First Continental Congress of 1774. © Brain Wrinkles  st 1 Congress The First Continental Congress met in Philadelphia in 1774. When one refuses to buy certain goods as a protest or punishment The members wrote protests to England and decided to boycott British goods until taxes and trade regulation were repealed. They also pledged military support to Massachusetts if they were attacked by Great Britain. © Brain Wrinkles © Brain Wrinkles  Fight King George III said that the colonists would not become independent without a fight. “the shots that were heard around the world”. On April 19th, 1775, the first battle of the American Revolution took place at Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts. After several more battles, the Second Continental Congress met in May 1775. At first, the Congress tried to find a peaceful solution, but the king would not compromise… © Brain Wrinkles  Lexington & Concord - The first battle of the American Revolution took place in Massachusetts. © Brain Wrinkles