Reviewer Notes on Anthropometric, Proxemics, and Ergonomics PDF

ANTHROPOMETRIC, PROXEMICS, & ERGONOMICS ANTHROPOMETRIC Importance of proxemics - is the scientific study of the measurements enhancing social interaction and proportions of the human body....

ANTHROPOMETRIC, PROXEMICS, & ERGONOMICS ANTHROPOMETRIC Importance of proxemics - is the scientific study of the measurements enhancing social interaction and proportions of the human body. respecting privacy and personal space - collecting data on various physical dimensions influencing behavioral patterns - it ensures that buildings and spaces are tailored to the reducing stress physical characteristics and needs of their users. cultural sensitivity - incorporating human body measurements and proportions, architects can create environments that are comfortable, ERGONOMICS functional, and accessible for a diverse range of occupants. - science of designing environments, products, and systems that are from the Greek words: anthropos (meaning "human") tailored to the physical and psychological needs of the people who metron (meaning "measure") use them.. APPLICATION - creating spaces that support human well-being, enhance comfort, Kitchen Counters Chairs & table and improve efficiency. Door & hallway Wash basin Restroom - functional and user-friendly. - Integrates both anthropometrics and proxemics to create designs PROXEMICS that are comfortable, safe, and efficient for human use - study of space and how we use it, how it makes us feel more or less comfortable IMPORTANCE OF ERGONOMICS - how we arrange objects and ourselves in relation to space user-centered design accessibility and inclusivity - term was coined by the anthropologist Edward Hall. safety and health comfort and satisfaction - Studies how people use and perceive space around them, helping design efficiency and productivity environments that respect personal and social distances. Key aspects include: Personal Space: The distance individuals maintain between themselves and others, which can vary based on cultural norms, social contexts, and personal preferences. Spatial Arrangement: How the layout of spaces (e.g., offices, homes) influences interactions, comfort, and social dynamics. Fundamental standard areas: Intimate Distance (0-1.5 ft) intimate zone; unsuitable for public spaces Personal Distance (1.5-3 ft) Bubble zone; for people who already know each other. Social Distance (4-11 ft) generalist zone; for gathering or business zone. Public Distance (12 ft-25 ft) public zone; public interaction occurs. COLOR BASIC, SCHEME AND ILLUSION COLOR BASIC COLOR THEORY COLOR - study of color relationships and how they influence our thoughts - A building's character can be emphasized and emotions. through the use of color - utilized to express the design's PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS desired spirit. – colors & emotions tend to be associated it can affect a person’s physical - can progress as well as certain or emotional health psychological meaning. Two main categories: Warm Colors – red, yellow and orange. PRIMARY COLORS Cool Colors – green, blue, and purple - main colors that act as the foundation for every COLOR SCHEME other color that can be ANALOGOUS COLORS seen. - colors that are next to each other on the color wheel - can be used in bedrooms & living rooms SECONDARY COLORS - combining any two adjacent colors. TERTIARY COLORS - middle colors between primary and secondary. MONOCHROMATIC COMPLEMENTARY COLORS - colors under one hue - two colors; opposite to one another on color wheel - varied through use of shades, tones and tints. - kids’ playroom or living rooms. - bedrooms, living. rooms etc. ACHROMATIC TRIADIC - no hue & uses only neutral colors; black, white & gray. - three colors; evenly spaced between each other. - any rooms; make room clean & simple; seen in brutalist designs - playroom, commercial spaces, studios, etc. SPLIT – COMPLEMENETARY COLORS COLOR ILLUSION - colors that are on each side of complementary base color. TYPES OF COLLOR ILLUSION - less intense color palette than complementary scheme. COLOR CONTRAST ILLUSIONS - playrooms, living rooms and dining. Simultaneous Contrast - Colors placed next to each other can make each other look different. Contrast Effect - Bright colors seem more intense against muted colors. This can highlight features in a design COLOR ASSIMILATION ILLUSIONS Optical Blending - Small color patterns blend together from a distance to create new textures or effects. Color Fusion: TETRADIC - Adjacent colors can blend smoothly ,creating gradient. - four colors; from two pairs of complementary colors that softens transitions between spaces. - children’s playroom, living room, commercial spaces, studios, etc SPATIAL ILLUSIONS Color Depth Perception - Warm colors make spaces feel smaller, while cool colors make them seem larger Hue and Saturation Effects - Dark colors can make a room feel cozy, while light colors make it feel open. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Lighting (natural and artificial), Lighting Effects, Creating Atmosphere Lighting Systems & Utility Elements Highlighting Features Use contrasting colors to draw attention to certain LIGHT areas or features. - refers to the strategic use of natural or artificial light to enhance Setting Mood the functionality, aesthetics, and emotional impact of a space. Smooth color transitions can create a relaxing - play a crucial role in shaping the ambiance, highlighting design atmosphere, while high contrasts add energy. elements, and influencing how people experience a building. Optimizing Space NATURAL LIGHTING Illusion of Space - Involves the use of windows, skylights, and other openings to - Light colors can make small spaces seem bring sunlight into a building. larger, and dark colors can make large spaces - contributes to energy efficiency; reduces the need for artificial. feel more intimate lighting. Defining Areas SOURCE OF NATURAL LIGHTING - Different colors can help define various DIRECT SUNLIGHT functional zones within a space. - used for passive solar heating - sunlight that enters a space without any obstruction - lead to glare or overheating if not controlled properly DIFFUSE SKYLIGHT - sunlight is scattered in the atmosphere - even illumination without harsh shadows or direct glare - skylights, large windows, and translucent REFLECTED LIGHT - sunlight that bounces off surfaces - an indirect form of illumination - to enhance lighting in shaded or enclosed area DAYLIGHT SYSTEMS - increase the use of natural light - reduce energy consumption & improve indoor USES OF NATURAL LIGHT USES IF ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING MAXIMIZE DAYLIGHT ACCENT LIGHTING positioning windows, atriums, skylights, and - highlight objects or architectural features reflective surfaces - adds depth and dimension DAYLIGHT HARVESTING - combination with general and task lighting measure the amount of daylight - track lighting, wall sconces, recessed lights optimize natural light DECORATIVE LIGHTING BIOPHILIC DESIGN - focuses more on aesthetics connect occupants of buildings with nature - adds a stylish or artistic element SOLAR SHADING - chandeliers, pendant lights, custom-designed fixtures control the amount of direct sunlight LIGHTING EFFECTS ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING - strategic use of light to enhance indoor spaces' - use of electric light sources - aesthetic and functional aspects. - when natural light is unavailable or insufficient. - include ambient, task, accent, and decorative lighting SOURCE OF ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING TYPES OF LIGHTING HALOGEN BULBS AMBIENT LIGHTING - type of incandescent light that produces a bright, -Provides overall illumination, ensuring a uniform white light similar to natural daylight. light level throughout the space - used in task lighting; Less energy-efficient TASK LIGHTING - produces more heat -focuses on specific areas where activities like reading, FLOURESCENT TUBES cooking, or working are performed. - common in offices, commercial spaces, and ACCENT LIGHTING industrial settings -highlights particular features such as artwork, - long, energy-efficient light architectural details, or plants. - consume less power DECORATIVE LIGHTING - harsher light quality -visual interest and enhances the style of the interior, COMPACT FLOURESCENT BULBS (CFLs) fixtures like chandeliers or pendant lights. - smaller, more efficient versions of fluorescent lighting - less energy and have a longer lifespan - variations of color temperatures LIGHT- EMITITNG DIODES (LEDs) - most energy-efficient lighting source - uses minimal power; last up to 50,000 hours. - wide range of colors and brightness levels IMPACT ON MOOD & PERCEPTION COMPONENTS OF LIGHTING SYSTEMS COLOR TEMPERATURE LIGHT SOURCES warm light creates a cozy inviting atmosphere, while INCANDESCENT BULBS cool light; make space more energetic & alert. - Traditional bulbs that produce light by heating a filament. INTENSITY FLOURESCENT LAMPS bright light; intensify emotions making spaces - more energy-efficient than incandescent bulbs feel more vibrant or conversely more stressful - used in commercial settings DIRECTION AND DIFFUSION LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) soft/diffuse lighting; create tranquil environment - high energy-efficient; long lasting dynamic. Directional lighting; add more drama and energy FIXTURES CEILING LIGHTS TECHNIQUES & TRENDS - Provide general illumination for a room. LAYERED LIGHTING WALL SCONCES combining different types of lighting to create a balanced - Mounted on walls to provide ambient or accent lighting. and versatile lighting scheme FLOOR LAMPS SMART LIGHTING - Portable fixtures that can be moved around as needed. using technology to control lighting levels. colors, and CONTROLS schedules. SWITCHES NATURAL LIGHT INTEGRATION - Basic on/off controls maximize the use of natural light DIMMERS windows, skylights, a reflective surface. - adjust the brightness of the lights MOTION SENSORS EXAMPLE IN PRACTICES - turn lights on or off based on movements INDIRECT LIGHTING SMART LIGHTING SYSTEMS make walls appear to float, giving a sense of lightness - controlled via apps or voice commands and spaciousness. WIRING AND ELECTRIC COMPONENTS COLOR – CHANGING LEDS CIRCUIT BREAKERS alter mood of a room dynamically; both residential - Protect the electrical system from overloads. commercial spaces CABLE AND CONNECTIONS - Ensure safe and efficient delivery of electricity. LIGHTING SYSTEMS DESIGN AND LAYOUT - enhance the aesthetic and functional aspects of a space AMBIENT LIGHITNG refer to the infrastructure and technology used to provide TASK LIGHTING - illumination in a space. ACCENT LIGHTING - includes the types of fixtures, their placement, and the control mechanisms. USES OF LIGHTING SYSTEMS SPATIAL PERCEPTION RESEDENTIAL LIGHITNG DEPTH AND DIMENSION - Provides comfortable and functional illumination for homes. - Lighting can highlight or downplay certain COMMERCIAL LIGHTING features of a space, shaping how it feels - Enhances productivity and creates a pleasant environment PROPORTIONS AND SCALE INDUSTRIAL LIGHTING - Good lighting helps a space feel balanced - Ensures safety and efficiency AESTHETIC ENHANCEMENT SPECIALIZED LIGHITNG COLOR RENDERING - Used in specific applications like medical facilities, theaters, - Lighting influences how colors appear in a room sports arenas, where precise lighting conditions required. - make colors look more natural and vibrant, - enhancing appearance of material and surfaces IMPORTANCE OF LIGHTING SYSTEMS MOOD CREATION FUNCTIONALITY - warmth or coolness of the light - reducing the risk of accidents and making it easier to perform tasks. - create different atmospheres; AESTHETICS - shaping how people feel in space - highlighting architectural features, artwork, and decor. HIGHLIGHTING ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES MOOD AND AMBIANCE ACCENT LIGHTING - set the mood and atmosphere of a space. - Focuses light on certain features like artwork, ENERGY EFFICIENCY textures, or design elements - Modern lighting technologies, such as LEDs and smart BACKLIGHITNG AND SILHOUETTING lighting systems, - Adds dramatic effects by shining light behind HEALTH AND WELL-BEING objects or outlining against a darker backdrop - can improve comfort and well-being. - circadian lighting systems mimic natural light UTILITY ELEMENTS - lighting in architecture encompasses a range of utility elements - contribute to the functionality, aesthetics, and sustainability of spaces. VISIBILITY & FUNCTIONALITY TASK LIGHTING focused light for specific activities like reading, cooking, or working GENERAL LIGHITNG overall light to a room, making sure it’s bright enough for everyday use. AMBIENT LIGHITNG a soft and comfortable brightness in a space, ceiling lights or wall-mounted fixtures.