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Uploaded by SplendidAntimony
University of Santo Tomas
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Summary
This document explains concepts related to fluid mechanics, focusing on pipe flow and open channel flow. It covers topics such as Reynolds number, critical depth, hydraulic jump, and head loss. The document is likely a study guide or textbook for an engineering course.
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1. Circular pipe is the most commonly used cross-section of pipes due to its structural strength and simplicity. 2. Reynolds’ Number is the criterion established by Osborne Reynolds to determine the type of flow. 3. The liquid conveyed by an open channel exerts no pressure other than that caused by...
1. Circular pipe is the most commonly used cross-section of pipes due to its structural strength and simplicity. 2. Reynolds’ Number is the criterion established by Osborne Reynolds to determine the type of flow. 3. The liquid conveyed by an open channel exerts no pressure other than that caused by its own weight and the pressure of the atmosphere. TRUE 4. Match the type of Flow with the Reynolds’ Number Criteria a. Turbulent Flow: Re > 3000 b. Laminar Flow: Re < 2100 5. Pipe Flow is a flow in a confined or closed conduit carrying fluids under pressure. 6. Circular pipes is the best pipe cross-section due to least resistance to surface friction resulting to smaller head losses. True or False? 7. The transition from laminar to turbulent flow starts when a certain velocity, known as critical velocity, is attained and exceeded. 8. The wetted perimeter of any conduit is the line of intersection of its wetted surface with a cross-sectional plane. 9. There are 3 conditions of flow in an open channel: a. Steady Flow b. Uniform Flow c. Continuous Flow 10. Critical depth is the depth at which for a given total head the discharge is maximum or conversely, the depth at which a given flow occurs with minimum content of energy. 11. Most Efficient sections in an open channel are sections which, for a given slope S, channel cross-sectional area A, and roughness n, the rate of discharge is maximum while the wetted perimeter is minimum 12. Hydraulic jump is an abrupt rise in water surface which results from retarding water flowing at lower stage. 13. Categorize the item as major head loss or minor head loss. a. Major Head Loss: friction b. Minor Head Loss: contraction, bends or curves, obstructions, enlargement 14. The basic formula for friction head loss equation. Chezy Formula 15. The hydraulic radius is the area of cross-section of the stream divided by the wetted perimeter.
