St. Marcellin Champagnat's Life PDF

RELIGION REVIEWER S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | FIRST GRADING | FIRST SET – THE LIFE OF ST. MARCELLIN CHAMPAGNAT – 1.4 WHAT WILL I BE? 1.0 ST. MARCELLIN CHAMPAGNAT Like his brothers and s...

RELIGION REVIEWER S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | FIRST GRADING | FIRST SET – THE LIFE OF ST. MARCELLIN CHAMPAGNAT – 1.4 WHAT WILL I BE? 1.0 ST. MARCELLIN CHAMPAGNAT Like his brothers and sisters, Marcellin May 20, 1789–June 6, 1840 grew up looking after his father's flocks In 1789, France was rocked by the and helping on the farm. Revolution. In that same year, a child was The skills he learned at this time were to born who was to start another kind of stand him in good stead in later life. revolution. He was the son of Jean Baptiste 1.5 SCHOOL DAYS Champagnat, a farmer who lived in a little village in the south of France, and his wife, His father sent him to school at the age of Marie Chirat. 10, but the schoolmaster was a very The boy was the ninth of their ten children. bad-tempered man, who struck the children on the least excuse. Marcellin refused to go back to school, 1.1 BAPTISM and later, laid down strict rules for his The day after he was born, he was brought Brothers about punishment. to the little parish church in Marlhes, a couple of miles from their home, and there 1.6 THE CALL baptized with the names Joseph Benedict Marcellin. When he was 16, a priest came looking for The last name was the one by which he boys to join the priesthood, and Marcellin was to be known throughout his life. decided to follow his call. His schooling had not been the best, but he got down to his studies, although with 1.2 HOME great difficulty. However, he worked hard, A great influence in his life was his aunt and succeeded. Louise, who was a nun, but had been forced to leave her convent when it was 1.7 LEAVING burned down by the revolutionaries, and had come to live with the Champagnat He finally reached the standard for family. entrance to the Junior Seminary, sold off his lambs to help with the expenses of new clothes, etc, and left home. 1.3 JEAN BAPTISTE CHAMPAGNAT Though he did not know it, both his father Marcellin’s father was in favor of the and his mother were to die before he ideals of the Revolution, but not of the way became a priest. they were put into practice. He became Commander of the local 1.8 HAPPY GANG National Guard and used his position to save many priests from capture and Marcellin and a few friends made a name death. for themselves as the "Happy Gang", who were always getting into trouble. However, the death of his best friend and then of his mother made him more serious, and he began to work in earnest. RELIGION REVIEWER PAGE 1  RELIGION REVIEWER S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | FIRST GRADING | FIRST SET The young man agreed, and was joined by 1.9 STUDIES another, Jean Baptiste Audras. He eventually became a prefect in the On January 2nd, 1817, the Marist Brothers school, and had a room of his own. began. He took advantage of this to work at his studies during the night, and succeeded in 1.14 NAIL MAKING reaching the required standard. Schools were closed for a long time in summer, so to keep his young men 1.10 ORDINATION occupied and to help with the expenses of He was ordained priest on July 22nd, the house, Marcellin taught them to make 1816 by Bishop Dubourg of New Orleans. nails, which they sold to the local The next day, with another seven new craftsmen. priests and four deacons, he went to the church of Our Lady of Fourvières, where 1.15 NOTRE DAME DE l’HERMITAGE they promised to work towards founding a Society of Mary. By 1824, the numbers were too big for the house in La Valla and Marcellin bought a property further down the valley, where he 1.11 NEW CURATE built Notre Dame de l'Hermitage, which is He was appointed as curate to a little still in constant use, and where he is mountain parish called La Valla, where he buried. soon became well-liked by everyone. The parish priest was old and ill, and most 1.16 WITH HIS BROTHERS of the work fell to Marcellin. He said later, "Every road here was By now Marcellin had about 50 Brothers, drenched with my sweat!" and the Archbishop gave him permission to stop his parish work to be with his Brothers. 1.12 THE MONTAGNE BOY He was now able to visit all the schools He had always insisted on the need for where they taught and to encourage them Brothers to teach the children. in their work. Now he was called to a dying boy named, Jean Baptiste Montagne, and found he 1.17 SCHOOLS had never even heard of God. This decided him. We would find a group Requests were coming in for Brothers to of Brothers to work in schools in the teach in many of the small towns and country areas. villages in the area, and he tried to grant them all. He insisted that there should always be at 1.13 THE FIRST BROTHERS least three Brothers in a school, and he He spoke to Jean Marie Granjon, who had spent most of his time going round to gone with him to see the Montagne boy, make sure that all was well. and asked him if he would like to become a Brother. RELIGION REVIEWER PAGE 2  RELIGION REVIEWER S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | FIRST GRADING | FIRST SET Prayer is a vital necessity (CCC 2744). 1.18 HAIL HOLY QUEEN In 1830, France had another revolution 2.1 TYPES OF PRAYER and some of the Brothers wanted to go into hiding. The "ACTS" formula is a widely recognized But Marcellin told the Brothers that Our and mnemonic approach to structuring Lady would protect them, and to ask her prayer. help, he began the practice of starting and ending each day with the Hail, Holy Queen, 1. ADORATION a practice still carried on. Individuals express their admiration and love for a higher power. Any religious traditions include hymns, 1.19 DEATH psalms, and chants that are focused on Marcellin's health was now giving way to praising the divine. the pressure of his work, and in 1840 he Exalts the greatness of the Lord. told the Brothers to elect a new Superior. Praise for the goodness of the Lord. On May 3rd he said his last Mass, and a CC2628: Adoration is the first attitude of month later, on June 6th, as the Brothers man acknowledging that he is a creature were singing the Hail, Holy Queen at their before his Creator. Morning Prayer, he went to his reward. It exalts the greatness of the Lord who made us and the almighty power of the 1.20 CANONIZATION Savior who sets us free from evil. Marcellin's life was ended but his work 2. CONTRITION was not, and his Brothers spread all over Confession prayers involve admitting the world. mistakes, wrongdoings, and sins to God. On 29th May 1955, Pius XIII beatified him Expresses a need for God's mercy. (Blessed Marcellin) (recognized as Saint) Restores one's relationship with God. and finally on 18th April 1999, John Paul II Asking forgiveness is the prerequisite for proclaimed him Saint Marcellin, Founder both the Eucharistic liturgy and personal of the Marist Brothers. prayer. – PRAYER – 3. THANKSGIVING 2.0 PRAYER Expresses gratitude for God's blessings. Our personal response of faith, hope and CCC2637 Thanksgiving characterizes the love to God. prayer of the Church which, in celebrating Is "intimate converse with God who loves the Eucharist, reveals and becomes more us. (CFC 1557) fully what she is. CCC # 2258-2259: St. Thérèse of Lisieux states that PRAYER is a surge of the heart; 4. SUPPLICATION it is a simple look turned toward heaven, it Supplication is the part of the prayer is a cry of recognition and of love, where you make requests or ask for embracing both trial and joy. guidance, help, or blessings. It's an Prayer and Christian life are inseparable opportunity to present your personal (CCC 2745). needs, concerns, and desires to God. RELIGION REVIEWER PAGE 3  RELIGION REVIEWER S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | FIRST GRADING | FIRST SET Used in times of need, danger or trouble. – LITURGY OF THE EUCHARIST – Asking God's blessings. 3.0 LITURGY CCC2629 The vocabulary of supplication in the New Testament is rich in shades of Liturgy comes from the Greek word meaning: ask, beseech, plead, invoke, leitourgia, which means "work of the entreat, cry out, even "struggle in prayer". people" or an act of the whole community. Its most usual form, because the most Liturgy is the public official prayer. spontaneous, is petition: by prayer of God the Father through His divine petition we express awareness of our Son-made-man in the Holy Spirit. relationship with God. The liturgy includes the seven ritual sacraments, the liturgical year, and the Liturgy of Hours. 2.2 OFFERING We place before God all our thoughts, 3.1 EUCHARIST words, and deeds, our whole lives. The term "Eucharist" originates from the Greek word eucharistia, meaning 2.3 WAYS OF PRAYING thanksgiving. A. PERSONAL PRAYER The Holy Eucharist is a very special meal Mt. 6:6 "Whenever you pray, go to your where we receive the body and blood of room, close your door, and pray to your Christ under the appearance of bread and Father in private. wine. (Transubstantiation) CCC1324 The Eucharist is "The source B. TYPES OF PRAYER and summit of the Christian life." 1. Reciting traditional prayers. 2. Listening to religious songs. 3.2 PARTS OF THE MASS 3. Silent prayer. 4. Praying with nature. INTRODUCTORY RITES: 5. Praying as the saints did. 1. ENTRANCE SONG - Before entering the 6. The Consciousness Examen of St. Church, we kneel down and make the sign Ignatius. of the cross. This is called genuflecting. 7. Go online. Then the priest, who is representing Jesus through Holy Orders and is a sacramental C. PUBLIC, COMMUNAL, LITURGICAL PRAYER sign of the presence of Jesus, is The Lord's prayer is a communitarian welcomed by the congregation with a prayer. hymn of praise. Liturgy is the greatest source of Christian 2. THE SIGN OF THE CROSS - We profess prayer in the world. (MASS) our faith in The Holy Trinity – The Father, The Son and the Holy Spirit. 3. PENITENTIAL ACT - We remember our TRADITIONAL PRAYER sins and ask God for his mercy. The Lord’s Prayer - Is the prayer that 4. THE GLORIA - We praise God in song. Jesus Himself taught us. It is the perfect 5. COLLECT (pronounced kahl-ect) - We ask and most fundamental Christian prayer God to hear our prayers. that all Catholics must learn to pray by heart. RELIGION REVIEWER PAGE 4  RELIGION REVIEWER S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | FIRST GRADING | FIRST SET LITURGY OF THE WORD: 5. SIGN OF PEACE - The congregation 1. FIRST READING - A passage from the Old exchanges a sign of peace, symbolizing Testament is read, often thematic and reconciliation and unity. relevant to the day's liturgical calendar. 6. FRACTION RITE - The consecrated bread 2. RESPONSORIAL PSALM - A psalm is sung is broken as a symbol of Christ's body or recited, offering a response to the first being shared. reading. 7. COMMUNION - The congregation receives 3. SECOND READING - A passage from the the consecrated bread and wine, New Testament, usually from the epistles, symbolizing the sharing of Christ's body is read. and blood. 4. GOSPEL ACCLAMATION - A joyful Alleluia is sung as a prelude to the reading of the CONCLUDING RITES: Gospel. 1. PRAYER AFTER COMMUNION - The 5. GOSPEL READING - A passage from one celebrant offers concluding prayer after of the four Gospels is proclaimed, the reception of Communion. recounting the life and teachings of Jesus. 2. BLESSING - The celebrant imparts a 6. HOMILY - The celebrant or a priest offers a blessing upon the congregation. sermon or 3. DISMISSAL - The congregation is sent reflection on the readings, connecting forth with a mission to live out their faith them to the lives of the congregation. in the world. 7. PROFESSION OF FAITH - The 4. RECESSIONAL - The celebrant and congregation recites the Nicene Creed, liturgical ministers leave the church, often affirming their shared beliefs. accompanied by music. 8. PRAYER OF THE FAITHFUL - Also known as the Universal Prayer, petitions are REMINDER offered for various intentions. including the needs of the Church and the world. The Church calls each of us to full, active and conscious participation in the Mass, LITURGY OF THE EUCHARIST: which is both internal and external. 1. PREPARATION OF THE GIFTS - Bread and Through such participation, the faithful wine are presented, symbolizing the "derive the true Christian spirit" offerings of the faithful. (Sacrosanctum Concilium 14). 2. EUCHARISTIC PRAYER - The central – ITEMS USED AT MASS – prayer of the Mass, including the consecration of bread and wine into the 4.0 SACRED VESSELS/OBJECTS body and blood of Christ. It contains the 1. ALTAR - Table of the Lord where the bread narrative of the Last Supper and an and wine are changed into the Body and invocation of the Holy Spirit. Blood of Jesus Christ. 3. MEMORIAL ACCLAMATION - The 2. AMBO - "Table of the Word" where congregation responds with an Scriptures and Gospel are proclaimed. acclamation affirming the mystery of 3. CRUCIFIX - Crucifix to remind us that the faith. Mass and Jesus Death on the Cross are 4. LORD'S PRAYER - The congregation prays the same sacrifice to God the Father. to Our Father, following the example given by Jesus. RELIGION REVIEWER PAGE 5  RELIGION REVIEWER S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | FIRST GRADING | FIRST SET 4. TABERNACLE - The shrine where the Shroud that wrapped the body of Jesus in Eucharist is kept as a place of exclusive the tomb. (Shroud of Turin) reservation Blessed Sacrament. Always 15. PURIFICATOR - The cloth used to wipe the genuflect before the Tabernacle because edge of the chalice containing the Jesus is present inside. Precious Blood and used to dry the 5. CREDENCE TABLE - Table holding the vessels after purification. vessels to be used during the Mass, which 16. PALL - The stiff, square, white cover include, the Chalice, Patten, Communion placed over the Chalice to protect its Cups, Cruets, and Lavabo Dish. contents. 6. PATEN - A round metal plate used by the Priest to hold the Hosts (Bread) that 4.1 SACRED VESTMENTS becomes the Body of Christ. 7. CHALICE - The vessel used by the Priest 1. ALB to hold the wine that becomes the Blood Symbolizes: Purity of Christ. Reminder of our Baptism. 8. COMMUNION CUPS - Used to give the A long white robe worn by the Celebrant, Precious Blood of Jesus to the people at Deacon and Altar Servers. communion. They are kept on the Credence Table and brought to the Altar at 2. CINCTURE the Preparation of the Altar. Symbolizes: Chastity 9. CIBORIUM - Vessel containing the hosts A long cord used for fastening the Alb at that become the Body of Christ and is the waist and to adjust it to proper length. placed on the Offertory Table in the Usually white, may be the liturgical color Vestibule before Mass to be carried to the of the day. Sanctuary during the Presentation of the Gifts. 3. CHASUBLE 10. PYX - A container for the Eucharistic Symbolizes: Charity and the Yoke of bread, specifically, the small containers Christ. used to carry communion to the sick. The sleeveless outer garment, covering 11. CRUETS - Cruets contain the wine and the the Alb and stole of the priest. water used during the Mass. Its color varies according to the feast. 12. THURIBLE AND BOAT - The Thurible (Censor) holds the charcoal and incense 4. STOLE burned at solemn occasions. The Boat Symbolizes: The clerical office, holds the incense to be placed in the immortality, and the Yoke of Christ Thurible by the Priest. The stole, matching the liturgical color, is 13. LAVABO BOWL AND TOWEL - A dish a long, scarf-like vestment worn over the 'Lavabo bowl' and the 'Finger Towel', used Alb and under the Chasuble. by the Priest to wash his hands before It is the mark of the Office of the Priest. beginning the Consecration. A priest wears it around the neck, hanging 14. CORPORAL - A white linen cloth placed on down in front. top of the Altar cloth, where the vessels (Paten and Chalice) containing the bread 5. COPE and wine are placed. A symbol of the A large cape worn by Priests in processions and other sacred actions, in RELIGION REVIEWER PAGE 6  RELIGION REVIEWER S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | FIRST GRADING | FIRST SET keeping with the rubrics proper to each faithful consider the fullness of Jesus' rite. For example, Baptisms, and during teachings and works among his people. Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament. – THE HOLY ROSARY – 5.0 HISTORY 4.2 LITURGICAL BOOKS The origin of the Rosary, according to 1. ROMAN MISSAL - Contains all the prayers tradition, began in 1214 when the Blessed and rituals said by the Priest and Deacon Virgin Mary gave St. Dominic the Rosary during Mass. prayer. 2. LECTIONARY - Contains the Sacred St. Dominic was asked by Mary to preach Scripture Readings for Mass and usually the Rosary in order to safeguard people is placed on the Ambo before Mass. against evil and sin. 3. BOOK OF THE GOSPELS - A visible sign of Many years later, in October 1571, a Jesus Christ the Word of God. Carried in Christian fleet went into battle at Lepanto. procession at the entrance of the Mass by Pope Pius V, himself a Dominican, had the Deacon or Lector and placed at the called on all Christians to join in praying center of the altar. the Rosary as the army of the Holy League 4. HYMNAL/MISSALETTE - Provides the went into battle. They won the battle and congregation the parts of the mass for a freed 15,000 Christian slaves. specific season in the liturgical year They attributed their victory to Mary and including instructions on when to stand, the praying of the Rosary. sit, or kneel. The anniversary of this day became known as the Feast of Our Lady of the Rosary and the month of October was 4.3 LITURGICAL CALENDAR dedicated to the praying of the Rosary. The liturgical year is made up of six seasons: 1. ADVENT - Four weeks of preparation 5.1 ROSARY before the celebration of Jesus' birth. 2. CHRISTMAS - Recalling the Nativity of The word "Rosary" means a chain of roses Jesus Christ and his manifestation to the and the roses are prayers. peoples of the world. The Rosary Prayer tells us about the life of 3. LENT - A six-week period of penance Jesus and his Mother, Mary. before Easter. Marian in character but it contains the 4. SACRED PASCHAL TRIDUUM - The holiest whole Gospel story and therefore is truly a "Three Days" of the Church's year, where Christ-centered prayer. the Christian people recall the suffering, The Rosary is divided into decades. death, and resurrection of Jesus A decade is one "Our Father" followed by 5. EASTER - 50 days of joyful celebration of ten "Hail Mary's" and a "Glory Be'. the Lord's resurrection from the dead and There are 20 stories to think about. his sending forth of the Holy Spirit Each story is called a "Mystery.” 6. ORDINARY TIME - Divided into two sections (one span of 4-8 weeks after 5.2 THE PURPOSE OF THE ROSARY Christmas Time and another lasting about six months after Easter Time), wherein the The purpose of the Rosary is to help keep in memory certain principal events or mysteries in the history of our salvation, RELIGION REVIEWER PAGE 7  RELIGION REVIEWER S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | FIRST GRADING | FIRST SET and to thank and praise God for them. The Wedding at Cana The purpose of the rosary is to help us Proclamation of the Kingdom of God meditate on the great mysteries of our The Transfiguration salvation. Institution of the Eucharist The main focus is on Jesus – his birth, Day: Thursday life, death and resurrection. Our Fathers remind us that Jesus' Father 5.4 HOW TO PRAY THE HOLY ROSARY is the initiator of salvation. The Hail Mary's remind us to join with The Rosary is begun with the sign of the Mary in contemplating these mysteries. Cross. They also make us aware that Mary was Followed by the Apostles Creed, followed and is intimately joined with her Son in all by one Our Father, 3 Hail Mary's, and a the mysteries of his earthly and heavenly Glory Be. existence. Then the name of the chosen decade is The Glory reminds us that the purpose of announced and 1 Our Father is said, all life is the glory of the Trinity. followed by 40 Hail Mary's and a Glory Be. The Fatima prayer is then said and to finish we say together the Hail Holy 5.3 MYSTERIES OF THE HOLY ROSARY Queen. 1. THE JOYFUL MYSTERIES The Annunciation – HOLY SPIRIT – The Visitation 6.0 ROLE OF THE HOLY SPIRIT The Birth of Jesus The Presentation 1. TEACHER - Before Jesus left His disciples, Finding of the Child Jesus in the Temple He let them know that He wasn't leaving Day: Monday and Saturday them to figure things out on their own. Instead, in John 14:26, He promised them 2. THE SORROWFUL MYSTERIES a teacher would come to guide them and The Agony in the Garden make plain all that He had told and shown The Scourging at the Pillar them. Crowning with Thorns 2. COMFORTER - The same Greek word Carrying of the Cross (paraclete) that is translated as comforter The Crucifixion is also translated as helper or advocate. In Day: Tuesday and Friday essence, it means one who is called to our side. When Jesus left, He did not leave us 3. THE GLORIOUS MYSTERIES alone To fend for ourselves in a world that The Resurrection had fallen away from God's truth. The The Ascension Spirit was sent to walk with us, to guide Descent of the Holy Spirit us, to comfort us, to advocate on our The Assumption behalf and to lead us to truth. The Coronation 3. INTERCEDER - First Corinthians 2:10-11 Day: Wednesday and Sunday identifies the Holy Spirit as our interceder. The Spirit reveals to us the thoughts of 4.MYSTERIES OF LIGHT/LUMINOUS MYSTERIES: God and searches our own thoughts. Baptism Of Jesus When we lack the words, the Spirit even RELIGION REVIEWER PAGE 8  RELIGION REVIEWER S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | FIRST GRADING | FIRST SET offers up prayers on our behalf (Romans 6. CLOUD - A cloud is often used to 8:26-27). In the same way, when we don't symbolize the divine presence. In the Old know what to do, the Spirit intercedes and Testament, the cloud led the Israelites leads us in the direction of God's will. The through the wilderness. Similarly, the Holy Spirit intercedes to God on our behalf, and Spirit guides and leads believers. to us on God's behalf. 7. TONGUES OF FIRE - This symbol 4. MARK OF SALVATION - Ephesians 1:13 originates from the event of Pentecost, says, "It's in Christ that you, once you where the Holy Spirit descended upon the heard the truth and believed it (this disciples as tongues of fire. It represents message of your salvation), found the Spirit's empowerment for speaking yourselves home free – signed, sealed, and spreading the Gospel. and delivered by the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit is given to all who believe in God. 6.2 SYMBOL OF THE HOLY SPIRIT Just as we wear name tags to identify who we are, the Spirit is like a label The Gifts of the Holy Spirit are special identifying us as belonging to God. The qualities and abilities that Christians work of sanctification is helped through believe are bestowed upon individuals by the guidance of the Spirit while the the Holy Spirit. presence of the Spirit, thanks to the These gifts are intended to enable redeeming work of Christ, labels us as believers to live out their faith and serve justified. both God and others. Based on the traditional list found in Isaiah 11:2-3 and 1 Corinthians 12:8-11. 6.1 SYMBOL OF THE HOLY SPIRIT 1. DOVE - It originates from the account of 1. WISDOM Jesus' baptism, where the Spirit This gift enables individuals to see and descended upon Him in the form of a understand life from a deeper, spiritual dove, symbolizing purity, peace, and the perspective. presence of God. It helps them make sound judgments and 2. FIRE - It represents the transformative and actions in accordance with God's will. purifying power of the Spirit, as well as the burning enthusiasm and passion that the 2. UNDERSTANDING Spirit ignites within believers. The gift of understanding grants insight 3. WIND - The wind symbolizes the into the mysteries of faith and the intangible and powerful nature of the Holy teachings of the Church. Spirit. It allows believers to grasp the meaning 4. WATER - Water is associated with the Holy and significance of Scripture and the Spirit's role in cleansing and renewing truths of the faith. believers. It presents spiritual purification, rebirth, and the washing away of sins. 3. COUNSEL (RIGHT JUDGMENT) 5. OIL - Anointing with oil is a symbol of the This gift offers guidance and discernment Holy Spirit's empowerment and in making choices and decisions. consecration. Oil was used in biblical It helps individuals seek God's will and times to mark people and objects as holy make choices that align with His plan. and set apart for God's purposes. 4. FORTITUDE (COURAGE) RELIGION REVIEWER PAGE 9  RELIGION REVIEWER S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | FIRST GRADING | FIRST SET The Fortitude gives believers the strength 3. PEACE and courage to face challenges and Peace refers to a state of inner Famond difficulties, to stand up for their faith, and renuity that comes from a relationship to endure trials with patience. with God. 5. KNOWLEDGE 4. PATIENCE The gift of knowledge allows individuals The ability to endure difficulties, delays, to comprehend the deeper truths of the and challenges without becoming faith and the mysteries of God's creation. frustrated or anxious. It enables a better understanding of how to better live in accordance with God's 5. KINDNESS plan. Kindness is characterized by compassion, empathy, and goodwill towards others. 6. PIETY (REVERENCE) It involves showing concern and Piety helps individuals cultivate a deep consideration for the needs of others. reverence and respect for God and others. It leads to a sense of gratitude, humility, 6. GOODNESS and service in one's relationship with God Goodness encompasses moral integrity and in interactions with fellow human and a genuine desire to do what is right beings. and just. 7. FEAR OF THE LORD (WONDER AND AWE) 7. FAITHFULNESS This gift instills a profound sense of awe Faithfulness refers to reliability, loyalty, and reverence for God's majesty, power, and commitment. and love. It involves being true to one's word and It helps individuals avoid sin and live in a remaining steadfast in one's beliefs. way that honors and pleases God. 8. GENTLENESS Gentleness is a disposition marked by 6.3 FRUITS OF THE HOLY SPIRIT humility, and meekness. The concept of the Fruits of the Holy Spirit It involves treating others with tenderness is primarily derived from Galatians and consideration. 5:22-23. 9. SELF-CONTROL 1. LOVE Self-control is the ability to exercise It is a selfless and sacrificial love that restraint over one's actions, thoughts, and seeks the well-being of others, even at emotions. personal cost. It involves mastering impulses and aligning one's behavior with God's will. 2. JOY Joy is a deep sense of contentment and – BIBLE – happiness that comes from knowing and 7.0 BIBLE experiencing God's presence and grace, regardless of circumstances. Fr. Etienne Charpentier: The word Bible comes from the Greek word "ta' biblia", RELIGION REVIEWER PAGE 10  RELIGION REVIEWER S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | FIRST GRADING | FIRST SET which means 'the books.’ poems-all of which the people had The Bible is the collection of “books.” memorized and preserved. The source of God's self-revelation. Some contents are from oral traditions God's written Word that contains His story date back to 1,900 years BC. of love for us. The speech of God as it is put in writing 3. WRITTEN RECORDS under the breath of the Holy Spirit. (CFC Written materials such as speeches and 85). writings of prophets, works of sages and The collection of books accepted by poets, codes, and laws. Christian churches as the authentic, Priests and trained scribes who were inspired record of the revelations made to employed by Israelite kings gathered the mankind by God about himself and his will oral and written materials, then edited, for men. organized, and compiled into books. 4. THE CANON 7.1 ETYMOLOGICAL MEANING OF THE The Israelites had to decide which books BIBLE were to become part of the final collection GREEK: "Ta biblia" - "the books"- refers to of books known as the CANON of the whole sacred volume. Scriptures. LATIN: "Biblia" - "the book"- designates the Torah (First 5 Books) - Finalized around eminence of the bible. 550 BC was the earliest collection of By definition, the bible is a collection of books, followed by The Prophets in 200 sacred writings which the church solemnly B.C. and The Writings. recognizes as the: Word of God written by men through the inspiration of the Holy 7.3 MAJOR PARTS OF THE BIBLE Spirit. It is divided into the Old Testament and AS “WORD OF GOD” the New Testament to distinguish division between the Jewish tradition and the God is the author of sacred scripture Christian. because he inspired its human authors; he In the New Testament, the Old is generally acts in them and by means of them. spoken of as "the Scriptures" or "the He thus gives assurance that their sacred writings" (Matthew 21:42). writings teach without error (inerrancy) Gradually the word has been used in the His saving truth" (Dei Verbum 11) singular and "Scripture" has become a To say that the bible is the word of God is synonym for the Bible (Acts 8:32). to acknowledge its divine authorship. "Testament" has the meaning of "agreement" or "covenant" with reference 7.2 THE BIBLE WAS FORMED OVER TIME to the two covenants God established with his people in each period of human 1. RELIGIOUS/FAITH EXPERIENCE history. An encounter of people with God. Bible: A book of faith 7.4 THE OLD TESTAMENT 2. ORAL TRADITION It centers on the covenant God made with Includes songs, narratives, prayers, and RELIGION REVIEWER PAGE 11  RELIGION REVIEWER S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | FIRST GRADING | FIRST SET the Israelites and the many consequences and 2 Kings, 1 and 2 Chronicles, Ezra, of this covenant on their lives not only as Nehemiah, Tobit, Judith, Esther, 1 and 2 individuals, but especially as nation. Maccabees, Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Part of the religious history of Israel Ecclesiastes, and The Songs of Songs before the coming of Christ. 7.5 THE NEW TESTAMENT 1. THE LAW/TORAH/PENTATEUCH The five books of Moses. It deals with the New Covenant of God's The Torah is the most sacred text to the people with Jesus Christ, God's only Jews for it contains God's revelation of begotten Son who became man to save Himself as the One making the covenant humankind from sin. with Israelites. Jesus Death and Resurrection fulfilled Core Theme: Covenant God's promises in the Old Testament of a Torah - Records the covenant God made Savior and brought universal deliverance with Israelites which is the foundation of for all humanity. their nationhood and laws. ○ Genesis (Gn), Exodus (Ex), 1. THE GOSPELS Leviticus (Lv), Numbers (Nb), The four different accounts on Jesus' Deuteronomy (Dt) redeeming life, teachings, and work. The climax in each gospel is Jesus' Passion, 2. THE PROPHETS Death, and Resurrection. It contains the writings and speeches of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John the prophets who reminded the Israelites to be faithful to their covenant with God. 2. THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES Core Theme: Covenant It is the sequel to the Gospel of Luke. It Prophet - Contains the historical accounts records the events in the early Church of ancient Israel and the prophets call to from Christ's ascension to Paul's return to the Covenant when the Israelites missionary journey to Rome. were unfaithful to it. Prophetical Books - Isaiah, Jeremiah, 3. THE APOSTOLIC LETTERS/EPISTLES Lamentations, Baruch, Ezekiel, Daniel, These are the letters of Paul and three Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, other apostles, namely Peter, John and Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, James, to the early Christian Haggai, Zachariah, and Malachi communities. These letters provide teachings and 3. THE WRITINGS instructions in Christ faith and practices. It contains Historical and Wisdom Books. These books elaborate in one way or 4. LETTERS OF PAUL TO THE CHURCH another (mostly in poetry form) what a Romans, 1 and 2 Corinthians, Galatians, covenant with God means. Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 and Core Theme: Covenant 2 Thessalonians Wrtings - Shows reflections or the meaning of the covenant with God 5. THE BOOK OF REVELATION through other literary forms. The last book of the Bible. Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1 and 2 Samuel, 1 It is the only apocalyptic book RELIGION REVIEWER PAGE 12  RELIGION REVIEWER S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | FIRST GRADING | FIRST SET (apocalyptic means concerning the end of the world) in the Sacred Scriptures. It contains John's vision of Christ's Second Coming and of the completion of God's Kingdom. Apocalyptic Book. RELIGION REVIEWER PAGE 13