Vocabulary and Reading Text PDF

*[Vocabulary]* Biography سيره شخص Ambitious طموح considerate حذر ----------------- ---------------- ------------------- ------------------ ------------------ ---------------- autobiography سيره ذاتيه **chatty** رغاي...

*[Vocabulary]* Biography سيره شخص Ambitious طموح considerate حذر ----------------- ---------------- ------------------- ------------------ ------------------ ---------------- autobiography سيره ذاتيه **chatty** رغاي **conventional** تقليدى identity الهويه الشخصيه **cheerful** مبتهج **easy going** متساهل   reserved متحفظ **childish** طفولي **hard working** مجتهد Individualistic فردي **competitive** تنافسي **idealistic** واقعي creative مبدع **likeable** ودود **moody** متقلب المزاج decisive صاحب قرار **Lay about** كسول **popular** تمام نشكر ربنا gossip نمام **trouble maker** يسبب المشاكل **reckless** / متهور/ مهمل imaginative خيالي مبدع **messy** فوضوي **reliable** يعتمد عليه reserved متحفظ **  sensitive** حساس سريع التاثر **sociable** اجتماعي selfish اناني **sentimental** عاطفي **sympathetic** متفهم للمشاعر sensible حكيم **shy** خجول **Miserable** بائس tolerant متسامح **cooperative ** متعاون **eager** شغوف ***[Reading Text ]*** Attitude موقف سلوك porch مدخل بيت --------------- ----------- --------------- ---------- -- pleasant ممتع **vaguely** بغموض deaf  اطرش **reveal** يكشف blind اعمى **A well** بئر dumb اخرس **mystery** غموض Institute معهد **a wakened** ايقظ held me close احتضن **imitate** قلد Team mate زميل بالفريق ------------------ -------------------- -- -- Classmate زميل بالفصل Eventful day يوم ممتلئ بالاحداث set..... free  يطلق Disabled  people المعاقين [ ***Expressions***] 1. *[Choose the correct answer]* **1-A (  shy -  considerate -  chatty -  selfish)  Person doesn\'t like meeting people.** **2-A /  An (  biography -  autobiography -  biology -  chemist)  is a book ,  story ora novel  which a writer writes about himself.** **3- My  friend is very kind and (  selfish -  chatty -   childish -  snob ).He tells  all the news about his  trip to London. ** **4- If you need help, Mona is very ( Chatty -  cheerful -  Observer -  reliable ) person.** **5-  when  I was very young ,and (  shy -  childish -   perfect - dumb ) , I believed it was possible to change the world.** **6-  He is very (  easy-going - reckless - perfect -trouble maker ) .He always forgets his tools.** **7- Mum was angry when she entered my room because it looked ( messy - organized perfect -  favorite ). ** **8- He wants to be the manager of the factory. He is very ( messy--kind --ambitious --lazy ).** **9- Mona never considers anyone but herself. She is very ( chatty -- selfish -- reckless -- layabout ).** **10-( Shy -- Reserved -- Lazy -- poor ) people don't talk or show their feelings.** **11- Rana always has a beautiful smile on her face , She is ( shy -- lazy -- cheerful -- cheer).** **12- Hala always causes problems , She is a ( cheerful -- shy -- bored -- trouble maker )** **13- Samir is a very ( reckless -- competitive -- shy -- lazy ) person.Hw hates losing at games.** **14- It's a ( shy -  childish -   perfect -- lazy ) of you to lock the door while your sister in the bathroom.** **15- Don't shout at her. She is very ( sensible -- easy-going -- sensitive -- snob ) and will be upset.** 2. *[Rewrite the following sentences]* 1. They passed their exams well. ( succeeded ) 2. I can rely on my brother. ( reliable ) 3. They hope that the economy will recover. ( hopeful ) 4. I can't decide to choose a new car. (decision) 5. She always causes problems. ( trouble maker ) ***[Important Prepositions ]*** At the age of في عمر succeed in ينجح فيه ---------------- ------------------------ --------------- ----------------- In time في الوقت المناسب **Proud of** فخور بيه on time في الوقت المحدد بالضبط **Wait  for** ينتظر لي at time ذاتها مره **long for** يشتاق لي in the age of  في عصر **Eager to ** شغوف بيه Tend to  يميل الى Sweep away  يمحو يزيل بعيدا 1. *[Choose the correct answer]* 1. **How does someone\'s ( attitude - set -- shape -- favour ) affect their relationships with others?** 2. **It is importance to have a (car -- bag -- poor - porch ) in a house.** 3. **What would you do if a friend ( slept -- played -- revealed -- saw ) a personal secret to you?** 4. **Someone who can't see is a ( blind -- dumb -- deaf -- lazy ) person.** 5. **Why do you think ( wells -- wills -- will -- dust ) are important in rural areas?** 6. **People who can't hear are ( blind -- dumb -- deaf -- good ).** 7. **I like to study at a particular ( institute - home -- garden -- bag ).** 8. **Can you recall a moment when someone ( held you close - caught you -- shouted -- was angry ) to comfort you?** 9. **A ( shy - considerate - chatty - selfish) Person doesn\'t like meeting people.** 10. **A / An ( biography - autobiography - biology - chemist) is a book , story ora novel which a writer writes about himself.** 11. **My friend is very kind and ( selfish - chatty - childish - snob ).He tells all the news about his trip to London.** 12. **If you need help, Mona is very ( Chatty - cheerful - Observer - reliable ) person.** 13. **When I was very young ,and ( shy - childish - perfect - dumb ) , I believed it was possible to change the world.** 14. **he is very ( easy-going - reckless - perfect - trouble maker ).He always forgets his tools.** 15. **Mum was angry when she entered my room because it looked ( messy - organized perfect - favorite ).** 16. **He wants to be the manager of the factory. He is very ( messy -- kind -- ambitious -- lazy ).** 17. **Mona never considers anyone but herself. She is very ( chatty -- selfish -- reckless -- lay about ).** 18. **( Shy -- Reserved -- Lazy -- poor ) people don't talk or show their feelings.** 19. **Rana always has a beautiful smile on her face , She is 9 shy -- lazy -- cheerful -- cheer).** 20. **Hala always causes problems , She is a ( cheerful -- shy -- bored -- trouble maker ).** 21. **Samir is a very ( reckless -- competitive -- shy -- lazy ) person.Hw hates losing at games.** 22. **It's a ( shy - childish - perfect -- lazy ) of you to lock the door while your sister in the bathroom.** 23. **Don't shout at her. She is very ( sensible -- easy-going -- sensitive -- snob ) and will be upset.** 24. **people tend to ( write -- read - play - imitate ) other's behavior or style.** 25. **I always long ( for - on -- of -- at ) my father.** 26. **What habits do you tend ( to - on - of -- off ) follow when you\'re stressed?** 27. **How can emotions sometimes sweep you ( of - away -- on -- at ) unexpectedly?** 28. A (blind -- dumb -- deaf -- good ) can't speak. 29. ( On -- At -- In -- Off ) the age of six , I could swim. 30. My parents are proud ( on -- off -- of -- at ) me. **[Model Verbs]** **الأفعال الناقصة** في هي مجموعة من الأفعال التي تستخدم لتعديل المعنى الرئيسي للفعل الذي يليها. هذه الأفعال تعبر عن القدرة، الإمكانية، الإذن، النصيحة، الاحتمال، أو الضرورة. فيما يلي شرح لبعض هذه الأفعال: ***[1. Can / Could]*** - **Can** يستخدم للتعبير عن القدرة أو الإمكانية في الوقت الحاضر: - I **can** swim. - You **are able to** come to the party. - - It **could** rain tomorrow. ***[2. May / Might]*** - **May** يستخدم لطلب الإذن أو للتعبير عن احتمال ضعيف - **May** I leave now? - It **may** rain later. - **Might** هو شكل أقل تأكيداً ويعبر عن احتمال ضعيف أكثر - It **might** snow tonight. ***[3. Must]*** - يستخدم للتعبير عن ضرورة أو التزام قوي : - You **must** wear a seatbelt. (يجب عليك ارتداء حزام الأمان.) ***[4. Shall / Should]*** - **Shall** يستخدم في السياقات الرسمية أو لإعطاء اقتراحات أو عرض مساعدة: - **Shall** we go now? - **Should** يستخدم للتعبير عن النصيحة أو التوقعات: - You **should** study for the exam. (يجب أن تدرس للامتحان.) - They **should** arrive by 6 PM. (من المفترض أن يصلوا بحلول الساعة السادسة مساءً.) **[5. Will / Would ]** - **Will** يستخدم للتعبير عن المستقبل أو لاتخاذ قرار في لحظة الكلام: - I **will** call you later. - **Would** ، ويستخدم للتعبير عن أحداث غير حقيقية أو لتقديم طلب مؤدب: - I **would** go if I had time. (كنت سأذهب لو كان لدي وقت.) - **Would** you pass the salt, please? (هل يمكنك تمرير الملح، من فضلك؟) **[6. Ought to]** - يستخدم للتعبير عن النصيحة أو الاقتراح - You **ought to** apologize. (يجب عليك أن تعتذر.) ***[التعبير عن الضرورة والالتزام في الماضي]*** 1. **Had to** - **Had to** للتعبير عن التزام أو ضرورة كان يجب القيام بها في الماضي. - They **had to** leave early yesterday. كان عليهم المغادرة مبكراً أمس. 2. **Didn\'t have to** - نستخدم للتعبير عن غياب الضرورة في الماضي، أي أن شيئاً لم يكن ضرورياً فعله. - She **didn\'t have to** work last weekend. - 3. **Should have / Ought to have** - للتعبير عن التزام أو ضرورة كان يجب القيام بها في الماضي، - You **should have** called me earlier. (كان عليك أن تتصل بي في وقت سابق.) - He **ought to have** apologized. (كان يجب عليه أن يعتذر.) ***[التعبير عن الضرورة والالتزام في المستقبل:]*** 1. **Will have to** - نستخدم للتعبير عن التزام أو ضرورة في المستقبل. - I **will have to** work tomorrow. - They **will have to** submit the report next week. 2. **Won\'t have to** - نستخدم للتعبير عن غياب الضرورة في المستقبل، أي أن شيئاً لن يكون ضرورياً فعله. - You **won\'t have to** wake up early tomorrow. - She **won\'t have to** attend the meeting next week. 3. **Should / Ought to** - نستخدم للتعبير عن التزام أخلاقي أو نصيحة في المستقبل. - He **ought to** study more for the exam next week. ***[Important Notes]*** - **Had to** يستخدم عادة للتعبير عن الالتزام في الزمن الحاضر فقط، وللتعبير عن نفس المعنى في الماضي أو المستقبل نستخدم **must will have to** للمستقبل. - **Should have** و **ought to have** يشيران إلى ضرورة أو التزام لم يتم الالتزام به في الماضي. 1. **I \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ finish the assignment by yesterday.** - a\) had to b) will have to c) should d) must 2. **She \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ attend the meeting next week.** - a\) didn\'t have to b) will have to c) should have d) must 3. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ study harder if he wanted to pass the exam.** - a\) had to b) should have c) must d) would 4. **We \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ arrived earlier to avoid the traffic.** - a\) should have b) had to c) will have to d) don\'t have to 5. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ leave the office by 5 PM yesterday.** - a\) didn\'t have to b) must c) had to d) should 6. **You \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ bring your own lunch tomorrow.** - a\) should b) might c) will have to d) must not 7. **I \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ call her last night, but I forgot.** - a\) should have b) had to c) didn\'t have to d) will have to 8. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ finish the project by the deadline next week.** - a\) will have to b) should c) must d) didn\'t have to 9. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ apologized for being late, but he didn't.** - a\) should have b) had to c) will have to d) must 10. **We \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ get permission before using the equipment.** - a\) will have to b) should have c) must d) didn\'t have to 11. **She \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ finish her homework before she went out.** - a\) should have b) had to c) didn\'t have to d) will have to 12. **You \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ complete the registration form before the deadline.** - a\) didn\'t have to b) must c) should have d) will have to 13. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ stayed longer at the party; it was so much fun.** - a\) didn\'t have to b) should have c) had to d) will have to 14. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ be careful while driving in the rain.** - a\) must b) will have to c) should d) might 15. **We \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ take the train if we miss the bus.** - a\) should b) must c) will have to d) didn\'t have to 16. **She \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ completed the assignment last week, but she didn't.** 17. a\) should have b) had to c) will have to d) must 18. **I \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ call you if I need any help.** - a\) must b) will have to c) should d) might 19. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ finish their work before leaving the office.** - a\) had to b) should have c) will have to d) didn\'t have to 20. **You \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ send the email by tomorrow morning.** - a\) should b) will have to c) must not d) didn\'t have to 21. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ attended the meeting yesterday, but he was sick.** - a\) should have b) had to c) didn\'t have to d) must 22. **We \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ get a permit before starting the renovation.** - a\) will have to b) should have c) didn\'t have to d) must 23. **She \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ bring the documents with her to the meeting.** - a\) should have b) must c) didn\'t have to d) will have to 24. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ called earlier to confirm their attendance.** - a\) had to b) should have c) didn\'t have to d) might 25. **You \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ arrive on time for the interview tomorrow.** - a\) will have to b) didn\'t have to c) should d) must not 26. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ repaired the car before going on the trip.** - a\) had to b) should have c) will have to d) must 27. **I \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ finish the report by next Mon day.** - a\) had to b) will have to c) should have d) didn\'t have to 28. **She \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ told me about the meeting, but she forgot.** - a\) should have b) must c) had to d) didn\'t have to 29. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ submit their application by the end of the week.** - a\) must b) didn\'t have to c) will have to d) should have 30. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ met the client yesterday, but he was out of town.** - a\) should have b) will have to c) had to d) must not 31. **You \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ bring any food to the party; it\'s already provided.** - a\) will have to b) must c) didn\'t have to d) should have 32. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ finish their work before the deadline.** - a\) had to b) should have c) will have to d) might 33. **I \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ call the doctor if the symptoms worsen.** - a\) must b) will have to c) should d) might 34. **She \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ attended the workshop to learn new skills.** - a\) didn\'t have to b) will have to c) should have d) must 35. **You \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ read the instructions before starting the experiment.** - a\) should b) didn\'t have to c) will have to d) must not 36. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ complete the task by the end of the day.** - a\) had to b) must c) will have to d) might 37. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ arrived on time if he had taken an earlier train.** - a\) should have b) had to c) will have to d) has to 38. **You \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ call ahead to book a table at the restaurant.** - a\) must b) didn\'t have to c) will have to d) might 39. **We \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ clean the house before the guests arrive.** - a\) didn\'t have to b) should have c) must d) will have to 40. **She \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ studied more for the test; she didn\'t do well.** - a\) should have b) had to c) will have to d) might 41. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ arrive at the airport by 8 AM for their flight.** - a\) should b) will have to c) didn\'t have to d) must not 42. **I \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ see a doctor last week, but I was too busy.** - a\) had to b) should have c) will have to d) might 43. **We \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ attend the training session next week.** - a\) must b) didn\'t have to c) will have to d) should 44. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ apologized for missing the meeting, but he didn't.** - a\) should have b) must c) had to d) will have to 45. **You \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ turn off the lights when you leave the room.** - a\) must b) might c) should have d) didn\'t have to 46. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ provide a detailed report by the end of the month.** - a\) didn\'t have to b) will have to c) must not d) should have 47. **She \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ joined the team earlier; it would have helped her career.** - a\) should have b) will have to c) had to d) might 48. **I \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ finish my project before the meeting starts.** - a\) had to b) will have to c) didn\'t have to d) must not 49. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ called the client to confirm the details.** - a\) should have b) didn\'t have to c) must d) might 50. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ be more punctual to his appointments.** - a\) might b) will have to c) must d) didn\'t have to 51. **You \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ finish the exercise before the class ends.** - a\) must b) should have c) didn\'t have to d) will have to 1. **:** I was required to finish the assignment by yesterday. ( had to ) 2. **:** She must attend the meeting next week. ( will have ) 3. **:** We ought to have arrived earlier to avoid the traffic. ( should ) 4. **:** It was necessary for them to exit the office by 5 PM yesterday. ( had to ) 5. **:** It isn't necessary for her to bring her own lunch tomorrow. ( have to ) 6. **:** She was obliged to complete her homework before going out. ( had to ) 7. You had better revise your lessons every day. ( should ) 8. If I were you , I would take me jacket. ( should ) 9. It's against the law to exceed the speed limit. ( mustn't ) 10. It wasn't necessary for you to bring your books. ( needn't ) 11. It will be necessary for Amr to fly to London tomorrow. ( have to ) 12. It isn't necessary for Ali to get up early. ( doesn't ) الـ **speculation** في اللغة الإنجليزية يعني التعبير عن الأفكار أو الاحتمالات حول شيء غير مؤكد. يمكن أن يتم استخدام أفعال نموذجية (model verbs) للتعبير عن هذا النوع من التصور. **شرح Speculation Grammar** 1. **Present Speculation:** - **Might / May / Could**: تستخدم للتعبير عن احتمال في الحاضر أو المستقبل. - **مثال:** *She might be at home right now.* (قد تكون في المنزل الآن) - **مثال:** *It may rain later.* (قد تمطر لاحقًا) - **مثال:** *He could be the one who called.* (قد يكون هو من اتصل) 2. **Past Speculation:** - **Might have / May have / Could have**: تستخدم للتعبير عن احتمال في الماضي. - **مثال:** *She might have missed the bus.* (قد تكون قد فاتتها الحافلة) - **مثال:** *He may have forgotten about the meeting.* (قد يكون قد نسي الاجتماع) - **مثال:** *They could have taken the wrong train.* (قد يكونوا قد أخذوا القطار الخطأ) 3. **Using \"Must\" for Strong Speculation:** - **Must**: تستخدم للتعبير عن تصور قوي أو افتراض مؤكد بناءً على الأدلة المتاحة. - **مثال:** *She must be the manager; she\'s wearing a suit.* (لابد أنها المديرة؛ لأنها ترتدي بدلة) - **مثال:** *They must have left already.* (لابد أنهم قد غادروا بالفعل) 4. **Using \"Can\'t\" for Negative Speculation:** - **Can\'t**: تستخدم للتعبير عن عدم احتمالية شيء بناءً على الأدلة. - **مثال:** *He can\'t be the author of this book; he\'s too young.* (لا يمكن أن يكون هو مؤلف هذا الكتاب؛ فهو صغير جدًا) **أمثلة تطبيقية** 1. **Present Speculation:** - **You might see her at the party.** (قد تراها في الحفل) - **She could be working late tonight.** (قد تكون تعمل حتى وقت متأخر الليلة) 2. **Past Speculation:** - **They might have missed their flight.** (قد يكونوا قد فاتتهم الطائرة) - **He may have forgotten to call you.** (قد يكون قد نسي الاتصال بك) 3. **Strong Speculation:** - **She must be the new team leader.** (لابد أنها القائدة الجديدة للفريق) - **This must be the right address.** (لابد أن يكون هذا هو العنوان الصحيح) 4. **Negative Speculation:** - **It can\'t be true; I just saw him here.** (لا يمكن أن يكون صحيحًا؛ لقد رأيته هنا للتو) **تلخيص** - **Might / May / Could**: تعبر عن احتمالية. - **Must**: تعبر عن افتراض قوي. - **Can\'t**: تعبر عن عدم احتمالية. إذا كان لديك أي أسئلة إضافية أو تحتاج إلى توضيحات حول موضوع معين، فأخبرني! 1. **She \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ be at the office right now.** - a\) must - b\) might - c\) can\'t - d\) should 2. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have gone to the party last night.** - a\) could - b\) should - c\) must not - d\) would 3. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ be the new employees, but I\'m not sure.** - a\) might - b\) must - c\) can\'t - d\) should 4. **She \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have missed her flight because she's not here.** - a\) must - b\) could - c\) might - d\) can\'t 5. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ be the one who solved the problem, considering his expertise.** - a\) could - b\) can\'t - c\) might - d\) should 6. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have taken the earlier train; it's already late.** - a\) might - b\) must - c\) can\'t - d\) would 7. **She \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ be the manager, as she's the only one wearing a suit.** - a\) might - b\) must - c\) could - d\) can\'t 8. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have been at the restaurant since it\'s his favorite place.** - a\) could - b\) must - c\) should - d\) might 9. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have forgotten to send the invitation.** - a\) might - b\) must not - c\) should - d\) could not 10. **She \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have seen the movie already, considering how much she talks about it.** - a\) must - b\) could - c\) might - d\) can\'t 11. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have left early; I saw him at the cafe.** - a\) should - b\) must - c\) might - d\) can\'t 12. **You \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ be right about the meeting time.** - a\) might - b\) must - c\) should - d\) could 13. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have missed the bus; it's already quite late.** - a\) could - b\) might - c\) must - d\) should 14. **She \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have been at the gym this morning, but I didn\'t see her.** - a\) could - b\) must - c\) might - d\) can\'t 15. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have known about the surprise party.** - a\) might - b\) must - c\) can\'t - d\) should 16. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have been very tired after the long trip.** - a\) could - b\) should - c\) might - d\) must 17. **She \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ be studying at the library, as it\'s her usual spot.** - a\) could - b\) might - c\) should - d\) must 18. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have received the email by now.** - a\) should - b\) could - c\) might - d\) must 19. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have decided to go on vacation this year.** - a\) must - b\) should - c\) might - d\) can\'t 20. **She \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ be the one who called; she was the last to leave.** - a\) should - b\) must - c\) might - d\) could 21. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ be at home, given the fact that his car is parked outside.** - a\) might - b\) must - c\) should - d\) can\'t 22. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have known about the changes if they were paying attention.** - a\) might - b\) must - c\) could - d\) can\'t 23. **She \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have been late, considering the traffic this morning.** - a\) should - b\) might - c\) could - d\) must 24. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have missed the announcement if he was not paying attention.** - a\) might - b\) must - c\) should - d\) can\'t 25. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ be working on the new project right now.** - a\) might - b\) must - c\) can\'t - d\) should 26. **She \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have finished her work earlier if she had started on time.** - a\) should - b\) must - c\) could - d\) might 27. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ be the new team leader given his recent promotion.** - a\) could - b\) should - c\) must - d\) might 28. **They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have made other plans for the weekend.** - a\) could - b\) might - c\) should - d\) must 29. **She \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have misunderstood the instructions.** - a\) might - b\) must - c\) can\'t - d\) should 30. **He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have been waiting for us at the restaurant.** - a\) could - b\) might - c\) must - d\) can\'t **نصائح للإجابة على الأسئلة:** - **Might / May / Could**: تعبر عن احتمالية. - **Must**: تعبر عن افتراض قوي بناءً على الأدلة. - **Can\'t**: تعبر عن عدم احتمالية بناءً على الأدلة. - **I am sure she \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ be at the meeting right now.** - I am sure she (might) be at the meeting right now. - **It seems that they \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have completed the project by now.** - It seems that they (should) have completed the project by now. - **I believe he \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have missed the train this morning.** - I believe he (could) have missed the train this morning. - **I am confident you \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ know the answer to this question.** - I am confident you (must) know the answer to this question. - **It looks like she \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ be the person who called earlier.** - It looks like she (might) be the person who called earlier. - **I suspect they \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have forgotten about the appointment.** - I suspect they (might) have forgotten about the appointment. - **I am certain he \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have arrived already; it\'s quite late.** - I am certain he (must) have arrived already; it\'s quite late. - **It appears she \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ have been the one who fixed the issue.** - It appears she (could) have been the one who fixed the issue. - **I think they \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ be working on the new project right now.** - I think they (might) be working on the new project right now. - - 2- Rewrite the following : 1. **It seems they are at the party. ( might )** 2. **It is possible that he have misunderstood the instructions. ( might )** 3. **I am not sure she is studying in the library right now. ( can't )** 4. **I suspect they have missed the call from the client. ( could )** 5. **I am pretty sure he arrived at the airport. ( must )** 6. **It appears she takes the wrong bus. ( could )** 7. **I think they plan a surprise for us. ( might )** 8. **I am confident she finished her work before the meeting. ( must )** 1- had to 2- b) will have to 3- d) would 4- a) should have 5- had to 6- c) will have to 7- a) should have 8- a) will have to 9- a) should have 10- c) must 11- b) had to 12 - b) must 13- b) should have 14- a) must 15- c) will have to 16- a) should have 17- d) might 18- a) had to 19- b) will have to 20- a) should have 21- d) must 22-b) must 23- b) should have 24- a) will have to 25- a) had to 26- b) will have to 27- : a) should have 28- ) must 29-: a) should have 30 c) didn\'t have to 31-: a) had to 32- : c) should 33- c) should have 34-: a) should 35-: c) will have to 36- a) should have 1. **:** I had to complete the assignment by yesterday. 2. **:** She will have to attend the meeting next week. 3. **:** We should have arrived earlier to avoid the traffic. 4. **:** They had to leave the office by 5 PM yesterday. 5. **:** She doesn't have to bring your own lunch tomorrow. 6. **:** She had to finish her homework before she went out. - **7- You should revise your lessons everyday.** - 8-You should take your jacket. - 9-You mustn't exceed the speed limit. - 10-You needn't bring your books tomorrow. - 11- Amr will have to fly to London tomorrow - 12-Ali doesn't need to get up early. - 2- they might be at the party already. - He might have misunderstood the instructions. - she can't be studying in the library right now. - They could have missed the call from the client. - He must have arrived at the airport. - She could take the wrong bus. - They might plan a surprise for us. - She must have finished her work before the meeting.