Radiology.pdf

RADIOLOGY Kathleen Minott, CRNA, DNAP RADIOLOGY LANGUAGE Roentgen (R) – unit of radiation exposure Xray machine intensity Radiation absorbed dose (Rad) - quantity of radiation an individual receives Radiation equivalent man (Rem) – unit of occupational radiation exposure Yearlly max is 5 rem Curie (...

RADIOLOGY Kathleen Minott, CRNA, DNAP RADIOLOGY LANGUAGE Roentgen (R) – unit of radiation exposure Xray machine intensity Radiation absorbed dose (Rad) - quantity of radiation an individual receives Radiation equivalent man (Rem) – unit of occupational radiation exposure Yearlly max is 5 rem Curie (Ci) – radioactive substance that decays at same rate with 1 g radium Becquerel (Bq) - decay in one second X R AYS Dependent on: Patient’s weight & habitus Density of pictured body part Orientation of pictured Xray beam More radiation will scatter with stronger beam (obesity, thick body part, unusual view) Most sensitive tissues to biological effects: fetus, bone marrow, intestinal lining, reproductive tissue Least sensitive: mature RBCs, mature bone, mature cartilage HIGHEST RISK OF EXPOSURE Off-site anesthesia Cath lab/ EP Lab IR CT ERCP Radiation therapy OR: IOC, cysto, pain management, endovascular aneurysms, ortho PROTECTION DISTANCE DURATION SHIELDING INVERSE SQUARE L AW O F R A D IAT IO N EXPOSURE Intensity = 1/Distance2 N O R M A L X R AY Density Air, fat, water, bone, metal Darkest to lightest ABCDEFGHI A – Assessment of quality & Airway Quality – Position, Inspiration, exposure, rotation (PIER) Posterior Anterior – most common view; Xrays pass from back to front of chest Anterior Posterior – front to back Xray – used a lot in ICU/OR d/t immobility/supine position Laterall Inspiration – lung cloudy/ bigger heart on expiration; look for rt. Hemidiaphragm @ 9th or 10th posterior rib Exposure Airway - trachea, Carina, main bronchi, ETT ABCDEFGHI B – bones & soft tissue – looking for symmetry & swelling, foreign bodies, subq air C – cardiac: PA view for most accurate assessment of heart size –