Theory of Architecture 101 PDF

THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE 101 Ar. Juno Verlyn R. Magadia, UAP MODULE 3: PRIMARY SOLIDS PRIMARY SOLIDS PRIMARY SHAPES Can be extended or rotated to generate volumetric forms or solids that are distinct, regular, and e...

THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE 101 Ar. Juno Verlyn R. Magadia, UAP MODULE 3: PRIMARY SOLIDS PRIMARY SOLIDS PRIMARY SHAPES Can be extended or rotated to generate volumetric forms or solids that are distinct, regular, and easily recognizable. PRIMARY SOLIDS PRIMARY SHAPES Circles generate spheres and cylinders; triangles generate cones and pyramids; squares generate cubes. PRIMARY SOLIDS PRIMARY SHAPES In this context, the term solid does not refer to firmness of substance but rather to a three- dimensional geometric body or figure. PRIMARY SOLIDS SPHERE A solid generated by the revolution of a semicircle about its diameter, whose surface is at all points equidistant from the center. PRIMARY SOLIDS SPHERE A sphere is a centralized and highly concentrated form. PRIMARY SOLIDS SPHERE Like the circle from which it is generated, it is self-centering and normally stable in its environment. It can be inclined toward a rotary motion when placed on a sloping plane. From any viewpoint, it retains its circular shape.  PRIMARY SOLIDS CYLINDER A solid generated by the revolution of a rectangle about one of its sides. A cylinder is centralized about the axis passing through the centers of its two circular faces. Along this axis, it can be easily extended.  PRIMARY SOLIDS CYLINDER The cylinder is stable if it rests on one of its circular faces; it becomes unstable when its central axis is inclined from the vertical. PRIMARY SOLIDS CONE A solid generated by the revolution of a right triangle about one of its sides. PRIMARY SOLIDS CONE Like the cylinder, the cone is a highly stable form when resting on its circular base, and unstable when its vertical axis is tipped or overturned. It can also rest on its apex in a precarious state of balance. PRIMARY SOLIDS PYRAMID A polyhedron having a polygonal base and triangular faces meeting at a common point or vertex. The pyramid can rest in a stable manner on any of its faces. While the cone is a soft form, the pyramid is relatively hard and angular.  PRIMARY SOLIDS CUBE A prismatic solid bounded by six equal square sides, the angle between any two adjacent faces being a right angle. Because of the equality of its dimensions, the cube is a static form that lacks apparent movement or direction.  PRIMARY SOLIDS CUBE It is a stable form except when it stands on one of its edges or corners. Even though its angular profile is affected by our point of view, the cube remains a highly recognizable form.  PRIMARY SOLIDS Maupertius, Project for an Agricultural Lodge, 1775, Claude-Nicolas Ledoux  PRIMARY SOLIDS Chapel, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1955, Eero Saarinen and Associates  PRIMARY SOLIDS Project for a Conical Cenotaph, 1784, Étienne-Louis Boulée  PRIMARY SOLIDS Pyramids of Cheops, Chephren, and Mykerinos at Giza, Egypt, c. 2500 B.C.  PRIMARY SOLIDS Hanselmann House, Fort Wayne, Indiana, 1967, Michael Graves  REGULAR AND IRREGULAR FORMS REGULAR FORMS Refer to those whose parts are related to one another in a consistent and orderly manner. They are generally stable in nature and symmetrical about one or more axes.  REGULAR AND IRREGULAR FORMS REGULAR FORMS The sphere, cylinder, cone, cube, and pyramid are prime examples of regular forms. REGULAR AND IRREGULAR FORMS IRREGULAR FORMS Are those whose parts are dissimilar in nature and related to one another in an inconsistent manner. They are generally asymmetrical and more dynamic than regular forms. REGULAR AND IRREGULAR FORMS IRREGULAR FORMS They can be regular forms from which irregular elements have been subtracted or result from an irregular composition of regular forms.