Quizzes.docx

Flash cards What family does barley belong to? ANS-Poacaea What are the two types of barley varieties? ANS-Winter & spring What two types of seed rows are there of barley? ANS-2&6 Which type of row is used for spring planting? ANS-2 row What are the two main uses for barley? ANS-Malting an...

Flash cards What family does barley belong to? ANS-Poacaea What are the two types of barley varieties? ANS-Winter & spring What two types of seed rows are there of barley? ANS-2&6 Which type of row is used for spring planting? ANS-2 row What are the two main uses for barley? ANS-Malting and feeding What is malting barley used for? ANS-To produce alcohol for brewing ad distiliing industry What is feeding barley used to produce? ANS-Animal ration What can barley straw be used for? ANS-Animal bedding and feed What should be the moisture content of malting barley at harvest? ANS-14% What should be the moisture content of feeding barley at harvest? ANS-18% or lower In what conditions does barley thrive in? ANS-Bright,sunny and warm Name the five growth stages of barley ANS-Germination,tillering,stem extension,heading,ripening *Briefly describe each stage* What is the phyllochron? ANS- The time that elapsed between the emergence of two successive leaves What is the phyllochron influenced by? ANS-The sowing date of seed variety sown What are the reasons for choosing a cereal variety? ANS- Relative yield,Shortness of straw,Resistance to lodging,Straw breakdown,Earliness of ripening,Resistance to disease What is thousand grain weight? ANS- The mass of 100 grams of cereal variety in grams. It is used to calculate the seeding rate. What are the key five things that influence barley production? ANS-Soil type,Seedbed preparation,Time of sowing,Seeding rate,Fertiliser use What type of soils is barley suited to growing in? ANS-Well drained, deep/sandy loam, grey brown podzols or brown earths. What is the ideal pH to grow barley at? ANS-6-6.5 When should winter barley be planted? ANS-Autumn-September When should spring barley be planted? ANS-Spring-February-April What activity is carried out to ensure good seed conyact with the soil? ANS-Rolling What method/machinery is used to sow seeds? ANS-Combine drill What is the distance between drills at sowing? ANS-14-16cm At what depth should seeds be sown at? ANS-3-5cm What is the seedig rate for winter barley? ANS-160-200kg/ha \[Higher rate for winter barley\] What are tramlines? ANS- Tramlines are parallel lines that allow farmers to access the crop to spread fertiliser without damaging the crop What is the formula to calculate the seeding rate? ANS-target population multiplied by TGW divided by expected establishemnt % What should be carried out to determine fertiliser suitability and application? ANS-A soil test If sowing spring barley in a split dressing,what percentage of fertiliser should be spread when sowing? ANS-30% What two nutrients should be spread with malting barley? ANS-Phosphorus and potassium What is lodging? ANS- Lodging is the tendency of cereal crops to bend over, so that they lie more or less flat on the ground. This makes it impossible to harvest the crop and reduces the yield. What can make a barley crop prone to lodging? ANS- bad weather or the wrong application of fertiliser When is winter barley harvested and at what yield? ANS- July with a yield of 7-9 tonne/ha and 4.2 tonnes of straw per hectare. When is spring barley harvested and at what yield? ANS- august yielding 6-7 tonnes/ha and 3.6 tonnes of straw per hectare. What are the two main pests associated with barley? ANS-Leatherjackets and click beetles How do they affect the crop? ANS-They rudce it's yield Shoild barley be grown in rotation with grass? ANS-No What diseases are associated with barley? ANS- Rhychosporium\[leaf blotch\], Powdery mildew ,Leaf rust What are their symptoms? Rhychosporium -Diamond shaped chlorotic blue/grey patches Powdery mildew-Grey/white patches on leaves,underside of leaves turn yellow Leaf rust-Orange brown circular spores on leaf surfaces How can they be treated? Rhychosporium-Spraying a fungicide or sowing a resistant variety Powdery mildew- Spraying a fungicide or sowing a resistant variety Leaf rust- Spraying a fungicide or sowing a resistant variety What should the shed/silo storing grain be safe from? ANS- vermin, insects and birds. Name the three things the area should also be ANS- water and frost proof and accessible to machinery. What moisture content is required at storage to prevent fungus growth? ANS-\